--- a
+++ b/processing/MACCROBAT/28151882.ann
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+T1	Age 2 13	65-year-old
+T2	Sex 14 19	woman
+T3	Sign_symptom 45 49	pain
+E1	Sign_symptom:T3 
+T4	Biological_structure 40 44	back
+T5	Detailed_description 29 39	persistent
+R1	MODIFY Arg1:T4 Arg2:E1	
+R2	MODIFY Arg1:T5 Arg2:E1	
+T6	Duration 54 69	almost 3 months
+E2	Duration:T6 
+T7	Coreference 75 83	symptoms
+E3	Coreference:T7 
+R3	IDENTICAL Arg1:E3 Arg2:E1	
+T8	Activity 106 113	walking
+E4	Activity:T8 
+T9	Activity 117 135	changing positions
+E5	Activity:T9 
+T10	Medication 179 190	painkillers
+E6	Medication:T10 
+T11	Sign_symptom 217 221	pain
+E7	Sign_symptom:T11 
+A1	POLARITY E7 NEG
+T12	Severity 93 99	severe
+R4	MODIFY Arg1:T12 Arg2:E3	
+R5	CAUSE Arg1:E4 Arg2:E3	
+R6	CAUSE Arg1:E5 Arg2:E3	
+T13	Sign_symptom 225 233	numbness
+E8	Sign_symptom:T13 
+A2	POLARITY E8 NEG
+T14	Biological_structure 241 245	legs
+R7	MODIFY Arg1:T14 Arg2:E8	
+R8	MODIFY Arg1:T14 Arg2:E7	
+T15	Sign_symptom 286 306	voiding difficulties
+E9	Sign_symptom:T15 
+A3	POLARITY E9 NEG
+T16	Biological_structure 278 285	bladder
+T17	Biological_structure 269 274	bowel
+R9	MODIFY Arg1:T16 Arg2:E9	
+R10	MODIFY Arg1:T17 Arg2:E9	
+T18	History 353 457	hypertension, coronary heart disease, cerebral infarction, and asthma, all of which were well controlled
+T19	Diagnostic_procedure 459 472	Physical exam
+E10	Diagnostic_procedure:T19 
+T20	Disease_disorder 486 494	kyphosis
+E11	Disease_disorder:T20 
+T21	Biological_structure 502 516	thoracic spine
+R11	MODIFY Arg1:T21 Arg2:E11	
+T22	Detailed_description 517 537	in standing position
+R12	MODIFY Arg1:T22 Arg2:E11	
+T23	Sign_symptom 639 643	pain
+E12	Sign_symptom:T23 
+T24	Biological_structure 647 651	back
+R13	MODIFY Arg1:T24 Arg2:E12	
+T25	Diagnostic_procedure 806 811	X-ray
+E13	Diagnostic_procedure:T25 
+T26	Diagnostic_procedure 813 832	computed tomography
+E14	Diagnostic_procedure:T26 
+T27	Diagnostic_procedure 834 836	CT
+E15	Diagnostic_procedure:T27 
+R14	IDENTICAL Arg1:E15 Arg2:E14	
+T28	Diagnostic_procedure 843 869	magnetic resonance imaging
+E16	Diagnostic_procedure:T28 
+T29	Diagnostic_procedure 871 874	MRI
+E17	Diagnostic_procedure:T29 
+R15	IDENTICAL Arg1:E17 Arg2:E16	
+T30	Nonbiological_location 918 926	hospital
+T31	Diagnostic_procedure 948 953	X-ray
+E18	Diagnostic_procedure:T31 
+T32	Detailed_description 940 947	lateral
+R16	MODIFY Arg1:T32 Arg2:E18	
+T33	Disease_disorder 965 973	fracture
+E19	Disease_disorder:T33 
+T34	Biological_structure 961 964	T12
+R17	MODIFY Arg1:T34 Arg2:E19	
+T35	Diagnostic_procedure 992 1002	cobb angle
+E20	Diagnostic_procedure:T35 
+T36	Lab_value 979 991	40° kyphotic
+R18	MODIFY Arg1:T36 Arg2:E20	
+R19	MODIFY Arg1:E20 Arg2:E19	
+T37	Diagnostic_procedure 1004 1006	CT
+E21	Diagnostic_procedure:T37 
+T38	Sign_symptom 1017 1043	intravertebral vacuum sign
+E22	Sign_symptom:T38 
+T39	Diagnostic_procedure 1066 1069	MRI
+E23	Diagnostic_procedure:T39 
+T40	Detailed_description 1045 1065	Sagittal T1-weighted
+R20	MODIFY Arg1:T40 Arg2:E23	
+T41	Sign_symptom 1159 1175	cord compression
+E24	Sign_symptom:T41 
+T42	Sign_symptom 1096 1123	intravertebral vacuum cleft
+E25	Sign_symptom:T42 
+T43	Biological_structure 1179 1182	T12
+R21	MODIFY Arg1:T43 Arg2:E24	
+T44	Disease_disorder 1145 1153	breakage
+E26	Disease_disorder:T44 
+T45	Biological_structure 1128 1144	posterior cortex
+R22	MODIFY Arg1:T45 Arg2:E26	
+R23	MODIFY Arg1:T43 Arg2:E26	
+R24	MODIFY Arg1:T43 Arg2:E25	
+T46	Detailed_description 1079 1095	decreased signal
+R25	MODIFY Arg1:T46 Arg2:E25	
+T47	Diagnostic_procedure 1205 1208	MRI
+E27	Diagnostic_procedure:T47 
+T48	Detailed_description 1184 1204	Sagittal T2-weighted
+R26	MODIFY Arg1:T48 Arg2:E27	
+T49	Sign_symptom 1243 1270	intravertebral vacuum cleft
+E28	Sign_symptom:T49 
+T50	Detailed_description 1219 1235	increased signal
+R27	MODIFY Arg1:T50 Arg2:E28	
+T51	Disease_disorder 1303 1318	Kümmell disease
+E29	Disease_disorder:T51 
+T52	Lab_value 1320 1329	Stage III
+R28	MODIFY Arg1:T52 Arg2:E29	
+T53	Therapeutic_procedure 1339 1348	operation
+E30	Therapeutic_procedure:T53 
+T54	Medication 1369 1387	general anesthesia
+E31	Medication:T54 
+T55	Detailed_description 1392 1406	prone position
+R29	MODIFY Arg1:T55 Arg2:E30	
+R30	SUB_PROCEDURE Arg1:E31 Arg2:E30	
+T56	Therapeutic_procedure 1419 1437	posterior exposure
+E32	Therapeutic_procedure:T56 
+T57	Biological_structure 1445 1450	spine
+R31	MODIFY Arg1:T57 Arg2:E32	
+T58	Detailed_description 1410 1418	standard
+R32	MODIFY Arg1:T58 Arg2:E32	
+R33	SUB_PROCEDURE Arg1:E32 Arg2:E30	
+T59	Therapeutic_procedure 1462 1476	pedicle screws
+E33	Therapeutic_procedure:T59 
+R34	SUB_PROCEDURE Arg1:E33 Arg2:E30	
+T60	Biological_structure 1501 1510	vertebrae
+T61	Biological_structure 1511 1514	T10
+T62	Biological_structure 1516 1519	T11
+T63	Biological_structure 1521 1523	L1
+T64	Biological_structure 1529 1531	L2
+R35	MODIFY Arg1:T61 Arg2:T60	
+R36	MODIFY Arg1:T62 Arg2:T60	
+R37	MODIFY Arg1:T63 Arg2:T60	
+R38	MODIFY Arg1:T64 Arg2:T60	
+T65	Detailed_description 1538 1552	C-arm guidance
+R39	MODIFY Arg1:T65 Arg2:E33	
+T66	Detailed_description 1574 1633	connected on the left side with a temporary stabilizing rod
+R40	MODIFY Arg1:T66 Arg2:E33	
+T67	Therapeutic_procedure 1635 1646	Laminectomy
+E34	Therapeutic_procedure:T67 
+R41	SUB_PROCEDURE Arg1:E34 Arg2:E30	
+T68	Therapeutic_procedure 1724 1748	subperiosteal dissection
+E35	Therapeutic_procedure:T68 
+T69	Detailed_description 1772 1782	right side
+R42	MODIFY Arg1:T69 Arg2:E35	
+R43	SUB_PROCEDURE Arg1:E35 Arg2:E34	
+T70	Biological_structure 1799 1837	lateral wall of the T12 vertebral body
+R44	MODIFY Arg1:T70 Arg2:E35	
+T71	Therapeutic_procedure 1953 1960	removed
+E36	Therapeutic_procedure:T71 
+T72	Biological_structure 1929 1947	T12 vertebral body
+T73	Biological_structure 1904 1921	articular process
+T74	Biological_structure 1881 1899	right side pedicle
+R45	MODIFY Arg1:T73 Arg2:T72	
+R46	MODIFY Arg1:T74 Arg2:T72	
+R47	MODIFY Arg1:T72 Arg2:E36	
+T75	Therapeutic_procedure 2012 2019	removed
+E37	Therapeutic_procedure:T75 
+T76	Biological_structure 1981 2001	intervertebral disks
+T77	Biological_structure 1974 1980	T12/L1
+T78	Biological_structure 1962 1969	T11/T12
+R48	MODIFY Arg1:T77 Arg2:T76	
+R49	MODIFY Arg1:T78 Arg2:T76	
+R50	MODIFY Arg1:T76 Arg2:E37	
+R51	SUB_PROCEDURE Arg1:E36 Arg2:E30	
+R52	SUB_PROCEDURE Arg1:E37 Arg2:E30	
+T79	Therapeutic_procedure 2053 2056	rod
+E38	Therapeutic_procedure:T79 
+T80	Detailed_description 2031 2052	temporary stabilizing
+R53	MODIFY Arg1:T80 Arg2:E38	
+A4	POLARITY E38 NEG
+T81	Therapeutic_procedure 2073 2076	rod
+E39	Therapeutic_procedure:T81 
+T82	Detailed_description 2077 2106	bended to the desired contour
+R54	MODIFY Arg1:T82 Arg2:E39	
+R55	SUB_PROCEDURE Arg1:E38 Arg2:E30	
+R56	SUB_PROCEDURE Arg1:E39 Arg2:E30	
+T83	Therapeutic_procedure 2119 2129	bone graft
+E40	Therapeutic_procedure:T83 
+T84	Therapeutic_procedure 2134 2147	titanium mesh
+E41	Therapeutic_procedure:T84 
+T85	Biological_structure 2167 2187	intervertebral space
+R57	MODIFY Arg1:T85 Arg2:E41	
+R58	MODIFY Arg1:T85 Arg2:E40	
+T86	Detailed_description 2108 2118	Autologous
+R59	MODIFY Arg1:T86 Arg2:E40	
+R60	SUB_PROCEDURE Arg1:E40 Arg2:E30	
+R61	SUB_PROCEDURE Arg1:E41 Arg2:E30	
+T87	Therapeutic_procedure 2197 2200	rod
+E42	Therapeutic_procedure:T87 
+T88	Detailed_description 2189 2196	Another
+R62	MODIFY Arg1:T88 Arg2:E42	
+T89	Detailed_description 2201 2225	with the desired contour
+R63	MODIFY Arg1:T89 Arg2:E42	
+T90	Detailed_description 2247 2257	right side
+R64	MODIFY Arg1:T90 Arg2:E42	
+T91	Therapeutic_procedure 2268 2278	hemostasis
+E43	Therapeutic_procedure:T91 
+T92	Therapeutic_procedure 2316 2337	irrigated with saline
+E44	Therapeutic_procedure:T92 
+T93	Biological_structure 2295 2300	wound
+R65	MODIFY Arg1:T93 Arg2:E44	
+R66	SUB_PROCEDURE Arg1:E42 Arg2:E30	
+R67	SUB_PROCEDURE Arg1:E43 Arg2:E30	
+R68	SUB_PROCEDURE Arg1:E44 Arg2:E30	
+T94	Duration 2482 2493	150 minutes
+E45	Duration:T94 
+T95	Disease_disorder 2509 2519	blood loss
+E46	Disease_disorder:T95 
+T96	Volume 2528 2534	600 mL
+R69	MODIFY Arg1:T96 Arg2:E46	
+R70	MODIFY Arg1:E45 Arg2:E30	
+T97	Therapeutic_procedure 2393 2399	closed
+E47	Therapeutic_procedure:T97 
+T98	Therapeutic_procedure 2339 2352	Drainage tube
+E48	Therapeutic_procedure:T98 
+T99	Biological_structure 2374 2388	surgical wound
+R71	MODIFY Arg1:T99 Arg2:E47	
+T100	Detailed_description 2400 2414	layer-by-layer
+R72	MODIFY Arg1:T100 Arg2:E47	
+R73	SUB_PROCEDURE Arg1:E48 Arg2:E30	
+R74	SUB_PROCEDURE Arg1:E47 Arg2:E30	
+T101	Medication 2586 2596	antibiotic
+E49	Medication:T101 
+T102	Duration 2611 2616	1 day
+E50	Duration:T102 
+T103	Medication 2618 2632	pain treatment
+E51	Medication:T103 
+R75	MODIFY Arg1:E50 Arg2:E49	
+T104	Duration 2637 2643	3 days
+E52	Duration:T104 
+R76	MODIFY Arg1:E52 Arg2:E51	
+T105	Medication 2649 2662	anticoagulant
+E53	Medication:T105 
+T106	Duration 2675 2681	1 week
+E54	Duration:T106 
+R77	MODIFY Arg1:E54 Arg2:E53	
+T107	Therapeutic_procedure 2687 2700	drainage tube
+E55	Therapeutic_procedure:T107 
+A5	POLARITY E55 NEG
+T108	Date 2716 2722	3 days
+E56	Date:T108 
+T109	Diagnostic_procedure 2742 2760	volume of drainage
+E57	Diagnostic_procedure:T109 
+T110	Lab_value 2765 2793	less than 50 mL per 24 hours
+R78	MODIFY Arg1:T110 Arg2:E57	
+T111	Clinical_event 2807 2818	allowed out
+E58	Clinical_event:T111 
+T112	Therapeutic_procedure 2853 2861	orthosis
+E59	Therapeutic_procedure:T112 
+T113	Detailed_description 2845 2852	plastic
+T114	Detailed_description 2833 2844	custom-made
+R79	MODIFY Arg1:T113 Arg2:E59	
+R80	MODIFY Arg1:T114 Arg2:E59	
+T115	Date 2865 2877	1 week after
+E60	Date:T115 
+T116	Coreference 2901 2909	orthosis
+E61	Coreference:T116 
+R81	IDENTICAL Arg1:E61 Arg2:E59	
+T117	Duration 2923 2940	at least 3 months
+E62	Duration:T117 
+T118	Clinical_event 2958 2969	allowed out
+E63	Clinical_event:T118 
+T119	Nonbiological_location 2973 2981	hospital
+R82	MODIFY Arg1:T119 Arg2:E63	
+T120	Nonbiological_location 2822 2825	bed
+R83	MODIFY Arg1:T120 Arg2:E58	
+T121	Date 2985 2998	12 days after
+E64	Date:T121 
+T122	Therapeutic_procedure 3014 3029	surgical suture
+E65	Therapeutic_procedure:T122 
+A6	POLARITY E65 NEG
+T123	Diagnostic_procedure 3048 3064	Pain assessments
+E66	Diagnostic_procedure:T123 
+T124	Diagnostic_procedure 3090 3111	visual analogue scale
+E67	Diagnostic_procedure:T124 
+R84	SUB_PROCEDURE Arg1:E67 Arg2:E66	
+T125	Diagnostic_procedure 3113 3116	VAS
+E68	Diagnostic_procedure:T125 
+R85	IDENTICAL Arg1:E68 Arg2:E67	
+T126	Lab_value 3197 3204	9 score
+T127	Lab_value 3206 3213	3 score
+T128	Lab_value 3219 3226	2 score
+T129	Activity 3306 3323	normal activities
+E69	Activity:T129 
+T130	Activity 3328 3344	returned to work
+E70	Activity:T130 
+T132	Date 3348 3362	3 months after
+E71	Date:T132 
+T133	Diagnostic_procedure 3383 3393	Cobb angle
+E72	Diagnostic_procedure:T133 
+T134	Lab_value 3374 3382	Kyphotic
+R87	MODIFY Arg1:T134 Arg2:E72	
+T136	Date 3141 3153	1 week after
+E73	Date:T136 
+T137	Date 3169 3181	1 year after
+E74	Date:T137 
+R89	MODIFY Arg1:E73 Arg2:T127	
+R90	MODIFY Arg1:E74 Arg2:T128	
+T138	Coreference 3119 3122	VAS
+E75	Coreference:T138 
+R91	IDENTICAL Arg1:E75 Arg2:E67	
+R92	MODIFY Arg1:T126 Arg2:E75	
+R93	MODIFY Arg1:T127 Arg2:E75	
+R94	MODIFY Arg1:T128 Arg2:E75	
+T139	Lab_value 3273 3284	improvement
+R95	MODIFY Arg1:T139 Arg2:E75	
+T141	Date 3412 3424	1 week after
+E76	Date:T141 
+T135	Date 3127 3139	preoperative
+E77	Date:T135 
+R88	MODIFY Arg1:E77 Arg2:T126	
+T140	Date 3398 3410	preoperative
+E78	Date:T140 
+T142	Date 3440 3452	1 year after
+E79	Date:T142 
+T143	Lab_value 3468 3471	40°
+T144	Lab_value 3473 3475	8°
+T145	Lab_value 3481 3484	17°
+R96	MODIFY Arg1:E78 Arg2:T143	
+R97	MODIFY Arg1:E76 Arg2:T144	
+R98	MODIFY Arg1:E79 Arg2:T145	
+R99	MODIFY Arg1:T143 Arg2:E72	
+R100	MODIFY Arg1:T144 Arg2:E72	
+R101	MODIFY Arg1:T145 Arg2:E72	
+T146	Lab_value 3531 3542	improvement
+R102	MODIFY Arg1:T146 Arg2:E72	
+*	OVERLAP E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E80 E6 E7 E8 E9
+T147	Sign_symptom 158 165	relieve
+E80	Sign_symptom:T147 
+R103	CAUSE Arg1:E6 Arg2:E80	
+A7	POLARITY E80 MAYBE_POS
+R104	BEFORE Arg1:E9 Arg2:E10	
+*	OVERLAP E10 E11 E12 E82 E13 E14 E16 E18 E19 E21 E22 E23 E25 E26 E24 E27 E28 E29
+T148	Detailed_description 542 583	lumbar vertebra bend forward and backward
+R105	MODIFY Arg1:T148 Arg2:E11	
+T149	Detailed_description 635 638	rap
+R106	MODIFY Arg1:T149 Arg2:E12	
+T150	Biological_structure 658 661	T12
+R107	MODIFY Arg1:T150 Arg2:T24	
+T151	Diagnostic_procedure 792 804	examinations
+E81	Diagnostic_procedure:T151 
+T152	Biological_structure 784 791	sensory
+T153	Detailed_description 764 778	stretch reflex
+T154	Biological_structure 731 762	upper and lower extremity motor
+R108	MODIFY Arg1:T152 Arg2:E81	
+R109	MODIFY Arg1:T153 Arg2:E81	
+R110	MODIFY Arg1:T154 Arg2:E81	
+T155	Lab_value 715 727	unremarkable
+R111	MODIFY Arg1:T155 Arg2:E81	
+T156	Diagnostic_procedure 683 710	general medical examination
+E82	Diagnostic_procedure:T156 
+R112	SUB_PROCEDURE Arg1:E81 Arg2:E82	
+R113	MODIFY Arg1:T30 Arg2:E13	
+R114	MODIFY Arg1:T30 Arg2:E14	
+R115	MODIFY Arg1:T30 Arg2:E16	
+R116	BEFORE Arg1:E29 Arg2:E30	
+*	OVERLAP E30 E46
+R117	BEFORE Arg1:E46 Arg2:E49	
+*	OVERLAP E49 E51 E53
+R118	BEFORE Arg1:E53 Arg2:E55	
+*	OVERLAP E55 E56 E57
+R119	BEFORE Arg1:E57 Arg2:E58	
+*	OVERLAP E58 E59 E60
+R120	BEFORE Arg1:E60 Arg2:E61	
+*	OVERLAP E61 E62
+R121	AFTER Arg1:E62 Arg2:E63	
+*	OVERLAP E63 E64 E65 E66 E75
+R122	AFTER Arg1:E75 Arg2:E77	
+R123	AFTER Arg1:E77 Arg2:E73	
+R124	BEFORE Arg1:E73 Arg2:E74	
+R125	AFTER Arg1:E74 Arg2:E69	
+*	OVERLAP E69 E70 E71
+R126	AFTER Arg1:E71 Arg2:E72	
+*	OVERLAP E72 E78
+R127	BEFORE Arg1:E78 Arg2:E76	
+R128	BEFORE Arg1:E76 Arg2:E79