Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

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Using Creative Commons Public Licenses

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conditions that creators and other rights holders may use to share

original works of authorship and other material subject to copyright and

certain other rights specified in the public license below. The

following considerations are for informational purposes only, are not

exhaustive, and do not form part of our licenses.

-   Considerations for licensors: Our public licenses are intended for

    use by those authorized to give the public permission to use

    material in ways otherwise restricted by copyright and certain other

    rights. Our licenses are irrevocable. Licensors should read and

    understand the terms and conditions of the license they choose

    before applying it. Licensors should also secure all rights

    necessary before applying our licenses so that the public can reuse

    the material as expected. Licensors should clearly mark any material

    not subject to the license. This includes other CC-licensed

    material, or material used under an exception or limitation to

    copyright. More considerations for licensors :

    wiki.creativecommons.org/Considerations\_for\_licensors

-   Considerations for the public: By using one of our public licenses,

    a licensor grants the public permission to use the licensed material

    under specified terms and conditions. If the licensor's permission

    is not necessary for any reason–for example, because of any

    applicable exception or limitation to copyright–then that use is not

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Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International Public

License

By exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree

to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons

Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International Public License ("Public

License"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a

contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your

acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You

such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from

making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.

-   Section 1 – Definitions.

    -   a. Adapted Material means material subject to Copyright and

        Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed

        Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated,

        altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a

        manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar

        Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public

        License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work,

        performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always

        produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed

        relation with a moving image.

    -   b. Adapter's License means the license You apply to Your

        Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted

        Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this

        Public License.

    -   c. Copyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar

        rights closely related to copyright including, without

        limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui

        Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are

        labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the

        rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and

        Similar Rights.

    -   d. Effective Technological Measures means those measures that,

        in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented

        under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO

        Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar

        international agreements.

    -   e. Exceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing,

        and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and

        Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed

        Material.

    -   f. Licensed Material means the artistic or literary work,

        database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this

        Public License.

    -   g. Licensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to

        the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are

        limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your

        use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority

        to license.

    -   h. Licensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting

        rights under this Public License.

    -   i. NonCommercial means not primarily intended for or directed

        towards commercial advantage or monetary compensation. For

        purposes of this Public License, the exchange of the Licensed

        Material for other material subject to Copyright and Similar

        Rights by digital file-sharing or similar means is NonCommercial

        provided there is no payment of monetary compensation in

        connection with the exchange.

    -   j. Share means to provide material to the public by any means or

        process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such

        as reproduction, public display, public performance,

        distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and

        to make material available to the public including in ways that

        members of the public may access the material from a place and

        at a time individually chosen by them.

    -   k. Sui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright

        resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and

        of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of

        databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other

        essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.

    -   l. You means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed

        Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding

        meaning.

-   Section 2 – Scope.

    -   a. License grant.

        -   1. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Public

            License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide,

            royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable

            license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed

            Material to:

            -   A. reproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole

                or in part, for NonCommercial purposes only; and

            -   B. produce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material for

                NonCommercial purposes only.

        -   2. Exceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt,

            where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this

            Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply

            with its terms and conditions.

        -   3. Term. The term of this Public License is specified in

            Section 6(a).

        -   4. Media and formats; technical modifications allowed. The

            Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in

            all media and formats whether now known or hereafter

            created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do

            so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any

            right or authority to forbid You from making technical

            modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights,

            including technical modifications necessary to circumvent

            Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this

            Public License, simply making modifications authorized by

            this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.

        -   5. Downstream recipients.

            -   A. Offer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every

                recipient of the Licensed Material automatically

                receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the

                Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this

                Public License.

            -   B. No downstream restrictions. You may not offer or

                impose any additional or different terms or conditions

                on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to,

                the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of

                the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed

                Material.

        -   6. No endorsement. Nothing in this Public License

            constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or

            imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed

            Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or

            granted official status by, the Licensor or others

            designated to receive attribution as provided in Section

            3(a)(1)(A)(i).

    -   b. Other rights.

        -   1. Moral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not

            licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity,

            privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however,

            to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees

            not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the

            limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the

            Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.

        -   2. Patent and trademark rights are not licensed under this

            Public License.

        -   3. To the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to

            collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed

            Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society

            under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory

            licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly

            reserves any right to collect such royalties, including when

            the Licensed Material is used other than for NonCommercial

            purposes.

-   Section 3 – License Conditions.

    Your exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to

    the following conditions.

    -   a. Attribution.

        -   1. If You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified

            form), You must:

            -   A. retain the following if it is supplied by the

                Licensor with the Licensed Material:

                -   i. identification of the creator(s) of the Licensed

                    Material and any others designated to receive

                    attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by

                    the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);

                -   ii. a copyright notice;

                -   iii. a notice that refers to this Public License;

                -   iv. a notice that refers to the disclaimer of

                    warranties;

                -   v. a URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to

                    the extent reasonably practicable;

            -   B. indicate if You modified the Licensed Material and

                retain an indication of any previous modifications; and

            -   C. indicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this

                Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or

                hyperlink to, this Public License.

        -   2. You may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any

            reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in

            which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may

            be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI

            or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required

            information.

        -   3. If requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the

            information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent

            reasonably practicable.

        -   4. If You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's

            License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted

            Material from complying with this Public License.

-   Section 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.

    Where the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that

    apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:

    -   a. for the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the

        right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a

        substantial portion of the contents of the database for

        NonCommercial purposes only;

    -   b. if You include all or a substantial portion of the database

        contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database

        Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database

        Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material;

        and

    -   c. You must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You

        Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the

        database.

    For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not

    replace Your obligations under this Public License where the

    Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.

-   Section 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.

    -   a. Unless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to

        the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material

        as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or

        warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether

        express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without

        limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a

        particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other

        defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether

        or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties

        are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not

        apply to You.

    -   b. To the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be

        liable to You on any legal theory (including, without

        limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special,

        indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or

        other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this

        Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the

        Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses,

        costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is

        not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to

        You.

    -   c. The disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability

        provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the

        extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute

        disclaimer and waiver of all liability.

-   Section 6 – Term and Termination.

    -   a. This Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and

        Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply

        with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public

        License terminate automatically.

    -   b. Where Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated

        under Section 6(a), it reinstates:

        -   1. automatically as of the date the violation is cured,

            provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the

            violation; or

        -   2. upon express reinstatement by the Licensor.

        For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect

        any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your

        violations of this Public License.

    -   c. For the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the

        Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop

        distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing

        so will not terminate this Public License.

    -   d. Sections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public

        License.

-   Section 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.

    -   a. The Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or

        different terms or conditions communicated by You unless

        expressly agreed.

    -   b. Any arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the

        Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and

        independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.

-   Section 8 – Interpretation.

    -   a. For the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and

        shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose

        conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could

        lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.

    -   b. To the extent possible, if any provision of this Public

        License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically

        reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable.

        If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from

        this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the

        remaining terms and conditions.

    -   c. No term or condition of this Public License will be waived

        and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to

        by the Licensor.

    -   d. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be

        interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges

        and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from

        the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.

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