Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

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Using Creative Commons Public Licenses

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conditions that creators and other rights holders may use to share
original works of authorship and other material subject to copyright and
certain other rights specified in the public license below. The
following considerations are for informational purposes only, are not
exhaustive, and do not form part of our licenses.

• Considerations for licensors: Our public licenses are intended for
  use by those authorized to give the public permission to use
  material in ways otherwise restricted by copyright and certain other
  rights. Our licenses are irrevocable. Licensors should read and
  understand the terms and conditions of the license they choose
  before applying it. Licensors should also secure all rights
  necessary before applying our licenses so that the public can reuse
  the material as expected. Licensors should clearly mark any material
  not subject to the license. This includes other CC-licensed
  material, or material used under an exception or limitation to
  copyright. More considerations for licensors :
  wiki.creativecommons.org/Considerations_for_licensors

• Considerations for the public: By using one of our public licenses,
  a licensor grants the public permission to use the licensed material
  under specified terms and conditions. If the licensor's permission
  is not necessary for any reason–for example, because of any
  applicable exception or limitation to copyright–then that use is not
  regulated by the license. Our licenses grant only permissions under
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Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International Public
License

By exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree
to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons
Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International Public License ("Public
License"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a
contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your
acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You
such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from
making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.

• Section 1 – Definitions.

  • a. Adapted Material means material subject to Copyright and
    Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed
    Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated,
    altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a
    manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar
    Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public
    License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work,
    performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always
    produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed
    relation with a moving image.
  • b. Adapter's License means the license You apply to Your
    Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted
    Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this
    Public License.
  • c. Copyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar
    rights closely related to copyright including, without
    limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui
    Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are
    labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the
    rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and
    Similar Rights.
  • d. Effective Technological Measures means those measures that,
    in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented
    under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO
    Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar
    international agreements.
  • e. Exceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing,
    and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and
    Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed
    Material.
  • f. Licensed Material means the artistic or literary work,
    database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this
    Public License.
  • g. Licensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to
    the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are
    limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your
    use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority
    to license.
  • h. Licensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting
    rights under this Public License.
  • i. NonCommercial means not primarily intended for or directed
    towards commercial advantage or monetary compensation. For
    purposes of this Public License, the exchange of the Licensed
    Material for other material subject to Copyright and Similar
    Rights by digital file-sharing or similar means is NonCommercial
    provided there is no payment of monetary compensation in
    connection with the exchange.
  • j. Share means to provide material to the public by any means or
    process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such
    as reproduction, public display, public performance,
    distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and
    to make material available to the public including in ways that
    members of the public may access the material from a place and
    at a time individually chosen by them.
  • k. Sui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright
    resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and
    of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of
    databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other
    essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.
  • l. You means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed
    Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding
    meaning.

• Section 2 – Scope.

  • a. License grant.
    • 1. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Public
         License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide,
         royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable
         license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed
         Material to:
      2. A. reproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole
         or in part, for NonCommercial purposes only; and
      3. B. produce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material for
         NonCommercial purposes only.
    • 1. Exceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt,
         where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this
         Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply
         with its terms and conditions.
    • 1. Term. The term of this Public License is specified in
         Section 6(a).
    • 1. Media and formats; technical modifications allowed. The
         Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in
         all media and formats whether now known or hereafter
         created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do
         so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any
         right or authority to forbid You from making technical
         modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights,
         including technical modifications necessary to circumvent
         Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this
         Public License, simply making modifications authorized by
         this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.
    • 1. Downstream recipients.
      2. A. Offer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every
         recipient of the Licensed Material automatically
         receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the
         Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this
         Public License.
      3. B. No downstream restrictions. You may not offer or
         impose any additional or different terms or conditions
         on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to,
         the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of
         the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed
         Material.
    • 1. No endorsement. Nothing in this Public License
         constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or
         imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed
         Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or
         granted official status by, the Licensor or others
         designated to receive attribution as provided in Section
         3(a)(1)(A)(i).
  • b. Other rights.
    • 1. Moral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not
         licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity,
         privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however,
         to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees
         not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the
         limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the
         Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.
    • 1. Patent and trademark rights are not licensed under this
         Public License.
    • 1. To the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to
         collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed
         Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society
         under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory
         licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly
         reserves any right to collect such royalties, including when
         the Licensed Material is used other than for NonCommercial
         purposes.

• Section 3 – License Conditions.

  Your exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to
  the following conditions.

  • a. Attribution.
    • 1. If You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified
         form), You must:
      2. A. retain the following if it is supplied by the
         Licensor with the Licensed Material:
         • i. identification of the creator(s) of the Licensed
           Material and any others designated to receive
           attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by
           the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);
         • ii. a copyright notice;
         • iii. a notice that refers to this Public License;
         • iv. a notice that refers to the disclaimer of
           warranties;
         • v. a URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to
           the extent reasonably practicable;
      3. B. indicate if You modified the Licensed Material and
         retain an indication of any previous modifications; and
      4. C. indicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this
         Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or
         hyperlink to, this Public License.
    • 1. You may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any
         reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in
         which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may
         be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI
         or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required
         information.
    • 1. If requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the
         information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent
         reasonably practicable.
    • 1. If You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's
         License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted
         Material from complying with this Public License.

• Section 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.

  Where the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that
  apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:

  • a. for the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the
    right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a
    substantial portion of the contents of the database for
    NonCommercial purposes only;
  • b. if You include all or a substantial portion of the database
    contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database
    Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database
    Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material;
    and
  • c. You must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You
    Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the
    database.

  For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not
  replace Your obligations under this Public License where the
  Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.

• Section 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.

  • a. Unless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to
    the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material
    as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or
    warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether
    express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without
    limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a
    particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other
    defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether
    or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties
    are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not
    apply to You.
  • b. To the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be
    liable to You on any legal theory (including, without
    limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special,
    indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or
    other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this
    Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the
    Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses,
    costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is
    not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to
    You.
  • c. The disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability
    provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the
    extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute
    disclaimer and waiver of all liability.

• Section 6 – Term and Termination.

  • a. This Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and
    Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply
    with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public
    License terminate automatically.

  • b. Where Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated
    under Section 6(a), it reinstates:

    • 1. automatically as of the date the violation is cured,
         provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the
         violation; or
    • 1. upon express reinstatement by the Licensor.

    For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect
    any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your
    violations of this Public License.

  • c. For the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the
    Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop
    distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing
    so will not terminate this Public License.

  • d. Sections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public
    License.

• Section 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.

  • a. The Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or
    different terms or conditions communicated by You unless
    expressly agreed.
  • b. Any arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the
    Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and
    independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.

• Section 8 – Interpretation.

  • a. For the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and
    shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose
    conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could
    lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.
  • b. To the extent possible, if any provision of this Public
    License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically
    reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable.
    If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from
    this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the
    remaining terms and conditions.
  • c. No term or condition of this Public License will be waived
    and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to
    by the Licensor.
  • d. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be
    interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges
    and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from
    the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.

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"Licensor." The text of the Creative Commons public licenses is
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Except for the limited purpose of indicating that material is shared
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