What happens during H. pylori testing?
There are different ways to test for H. pylori. Your health care provider may order one or more of the following types of tests.
Blood test
Checks for antibodies (infection-fighting cells) to H. pylori
Test procedure:
A health care professional will take a blood sample from a vein in your arm, using a small needle.
After the needle is inserted, a small amount of blood will be collected into a test tube or vial.
Breath test, also known as a urea breath test
Checks for infection by measuring certain substances in your breath
Test procedure:
You will provide a sample of your breath by breathing into a collection bag.
After that, you will swallow a pill or liquid containing a harmless radioactive material.
You will provide another sample of your breath.
Your provider will compare the two samples. If the second sample has higher than normal carbon dioxide levels, it is a sign of an H. pylori infection.
Stool tests.Your provider may order a stool antigen or a stool culture test.
A stool antigen test looks for antigens to H. pylori in your stool. Antigens are substances that trigger an immune response.
A stool culture test looks for H. pylori bacteria in the stool.
Samples for both types of stool tests are collected in the same way. Sample collection usually includes the following steps:
Put on a pair of rubber or latex gloves.
Collect and store the stool in a special container given to you by your health care provider or a lab.
If collecting a sample from a baby, line the baby's diaper with plastic wrap.
Make sure no urine, toilet water, or toilet paper mixes in with the sample.
Seal and label the container.
Remove the gloves, and wash your hands.
Return the container to your health care provider.
Endoscopy. If other tests did not provide enough information for a diagnosis, your provider may order a procedure called an endoscopy. An endoscopy allows your provider to look at your esophagus (the tube that links your mouth and stomach), the lining of your stomach, and part of your small intestine. During the procedure:
You will lie down on an operating table on your back or side.
You will be given medicine to help you relax and prevent you from feeling pain during the procedure.
Your provider will insert a thin tube, called an endoscope, into your mouth and throat. The endoscope has a light and camera on it. This allows the provider to get a good view of your internal organs.
Your provider may take a biopsy (removal of a small sample of tissue) to examine after the procedure.
After the procedure, you will be observed for an hour or two while the medicine wears off.
You may be drowsy for a while, so plan to have someone drive you home.
