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+A 55-year-old woman was referred to our hospital because of a suspicion of mediastinal tumor incidentally found through a medical-checkup plain X-ray photography (X-P) (Figure ​(Figure1A).1A).
+Chest MRI revealed a 3 cm diameter tumor which seemed to connect to the right lobe of thyroid and projected into the mediastinum (Figure ​1B).
+By 123I-RI, no unusual accumulation was detected (Figure ​1C).
+A fine needle aspiration biopsy, which is viewed as the “gold standard” for diagnosis in most cases, was tried but could not reach a conclusive diagnosis.
+Thereby, 18F-FDG-PET was performed and a high accumulation was revealed with standardized uptake value (SUV) of 3.8 (Figure ​1D).
+Thus, as a possibility of malignancy could not be excluded, the right lobe excision procedure for thyroid gland was enforced.
+The obtained tumor was continuous to the right lobe as expected.
+The surface was flat and smooth and the exfoliation from the circumference organization was easy (Figure ​2A).
+Microscopically, the encapsulated tumor consisted of atypical large-sized follicles without malignant characteristics, the background thyroid tissue showing no remarkable change (Figure 2B).
+Thus, histological diagnosis was follicular thyroid adenoma.
+Ethical approval was not thought to be necessary because all the clinical course of the case was completely within usual medical cares.
+Informed consent was given from the case on each occasion of diagnostic examinations and therapeutic procedures.