--- a +++ b/processing/MACCROBAT/22515939.txt @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +A 53 year old female without significant past medical history developed severe viral pneumonia, with rapid, progressive deterioration in her respiratory status. +She developed ARDS and mechanical ventilatory management using ARDS protocol were unable to maintain adequate oxygenation. +As a result, bedside VV-ECMO was planned. +Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) was performed to visualize proper positioning of the guidewire and cannula. +Using the Seldinger technique, the right internal jugular vein was accessed and a guide wire was placed. +Placement of the guidewire into the IVC proved difficult due to repeated migration of the guidewire into the right ventricle. +After multiple attempts, the guidewire was visualized to course properly from the SVC to the IVC. +After a bolus dose of 5000 units of intravenous heparin was given, the right internal jugular venous access site was dilated. +Just as the final dilatation was completed and upon dilator exchange with simultaneous advancement of the 23 French Avalon cannula, TEE lost visualization of the guidewire. +Multiple premature ventricular beats were noted and immediately, a new, rapidly enlarging pericardial effusion was detected (Figure (Figure2).2). +Emergent preparations were made for bedside surgical decompression of the pericardial space. +Quickly the patient lost blood pressure from acute cardiac tamponade. +The Avalon cannula was immediately clamped at the end but not removed. +A emergent subxiphoid pericardial window was performed, resulting in drainage of venous blood and restoration of blood pressure. +Transfusion was initiated and the patient was emergently transported to the operating room for surgical exploration. +The Avalon cannula was found to have perforated the apex of the right ventricle. +The injury was repaired primarily and the Avalon cannula was repositioned toward the IVC again by TEE with additional direct manipulation. +VV-ECMO was initiated and the oxygenation improved. +Due to excessive coagulopathies, the sternum was left open but was closed on postoperative day 2. +From that point, she remained free from any cardiac or infectious complications and her pulmonary condition slowly improved. +She was successfully weaned from VV-ECMO on postoperative day 9 and was discharged home on postoperative day 24 without the need for home oxygen. +She regained full physical functions at home and recovered normal pulmonary function by 3 months following discharge from the hospital.