Age >= 6 years at the NCI clinical center (>= 18 years at other participating sites) Medulloblastoma:\r\n* Posterior fossa classic, desmoplastic or extensive nodular or anaplastic/large cell medulloblastoma with appropriate and sufficient tumor material (FFPE or snap frozen) for proposed assays: all stages, age less than 6 years at diagnosis\r\n* Posterior fossa classic or anaplastic/large cell medulloblastoma with sufficient tumor material (FFPE or snap frozen) for proposed assays: clinically high-stage (neuraxis or extra-neural dissemination, M1-4), age greater than 6 years to less than 10 years at diagnosis\r\n* Posterior fossa medulloblastoma, those 6 years of age and above at diagnosis, will only be eligible if they have evidence of neuraxis or extraneural dissemination. Patients 6 years of age and above with low-stage (standard-risk, M0) medulloblastoma will NOT be eligible for this study, irrespective of molecular subgroup and extend of local resection Age of 18 years or older; in addition, patients age 12 to 17 years may enroll beginning in Cohort 2 if weight ? 40 kg Patients with body mass index (BMI) < 3rd percentile for age, as defined by WHO criteria for patients 1-2 years of age and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) criteria for patients > 2 years of age, are not eligible Participants who are less than 10 years of age at start of maintenance chemotherapy Standard risk 1: Patient must be < 11 years of age at enrollment Standard risk 2: Patients must be >= 11 and < 25 years of age at enrollment Hemoglobin >= 8 g/dL for patients =< 16 years of age; >= 9 g/dL for patients > 16 years of age; Note: no transfusions are permitted 7 days prior to laboratory studies to determine eligibility Age ?18 years (or per national guidelines). Subjects must be age ? 21 years at initial diagnosis Subjects must be age >12 months at enrollment Subjects must be age ? 21 years at initial diagnosis Age ?18 (or age ? 20 of age as required by local regulation). 18 years of age or order Subjects ?18 years of age for solid tumor; in the case of midline carcinoma with NUT rearrangement. subjects may be ?16 years of age. Pts must be ? 18 years of age Ability to give informed consent; all subjects >= 18 years of age must be able to give informed consent; for subjects < 18 years old their legal authorized representative (LAR) (i.e. parent or guardian) must give informed consent; pediatric subjects will be included in age appropriate discussion and verbal assent will be obtained for those > 7 years of age, when appropriate INCLUSION - PROCUREMENT: The first six (6) patients treated on the study should be adults (? 18 years [yrs] of age); six adolescents (age 12-18) should be treated before children (? 3 yrs of age) are eligible INCLUSION - TREATMENT: The first six (6) patients treated on the study should be adults (? 18 yrs of age); six adolescents (age 12-18) should be treated before children (? 3 yrs of age) are eligible Patients =< 25 years of age will be eligible for the pre-surgical cohort; patients between 18-25 years of age will be treated at the adult Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved dose of 960 mg BID and can be enrolled immediately; patients less than 18 years of age will be enrolled and treated at the pediatric MTD once it is defined in the safety cohort Patients =< 25 years of age with evaluable disease will be eligible for the expansion cohort; patients between 18 and 25 years of age will take adult dose of 960 mg BID and are eligible at the initiation of the trial; patients less than 18 years of age will take the MTD once it is defined in the safety cohort Must be ? 18 years of age. Due to increased risk of sepsis in patients >80 years old, candidate patients in this age group should be thoroughly evaluated prior to study randomization to ensure they are fit to receive chemotherapy. In addition to all of the inclusion/exclusion criteria listed, clinical judgment should be used regarding patients' susceptibility to infection (including but not limited to presence of ascites or diabetes mellitus increasing risk of infection). Furthermore, the expected stability of their performance status while receiving repeat weekly chemotherapy cycles should be given special attention. Patients in this age group should not be randomized on the study should there be any hesitation on any of these considerations. Children under the age of 18 Participants with 1 to less than (<) 18 years of age (Part 1 only), or 1 to 30 years of age, inclusive, if initial diagnosis of mature B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) occurred at <18 years of age (Part 2 only) Age >= 18 years or age of majority at the participating site, whichever is greater Normal cardiac stress test for patients over 50 years of age Age ?18 years. Because no dosing or adverse event data are currently available on the use of ipilimumab or indoximod in patients <18 years of age, children are excluded from this study. Because no dosing or adverse event data are currently available on the use of enzalutamide and CRLX101 in patients < 18 years of age and prostate cancer is not common in children < 18 years of age, children are excluded from this study. Patients: Patients of any age and either gender Age > 55 years with no menses for 12 or more months without an alternative medical cause. Age ? 55 years with no menses for 12 or more months without an alternative medical cause AND an FSH level > 40 IU/L; or Male subjects must, as appropriate to age and the discretion of the study physician: Age > 55 years with no menses for 12 or more months without an alternative medical cause. Age ? 55 years with no menses for 12 or more months without an alternative medical cause AND an FSH level > 40 IU/L; or Age 27- 69 at enrollment ECOG Performance Status (PS) of 0, 1 or 2. For newly diagnosed AML patients < 75 years of age, ECOG 0-3; for ? 75 years of age, ECOG 0-2. Minimal limitation on activities of daily living as measured by Karnofsky ? 50 for participants > 16 years of age or Lansky ? 50 for participants ? 16 years of age. Age 40 years or older; this age cutoff is justified because breast cancers in women under the age of 40 are known to have a significantly higher risk of IBTR presumably due to underlying biologic differences Patient age criteria: age >= 18 and =< 45 years (myeloablative regimen 1; age >= 18 and =< 80 years (nonmyeloablative regimen 2) at the discretion of the investigator(s); age >= 18 and =< 80 years old that in the opinion of the investigator(s) would preclude myeloablative therapy may receive reduced intensity regimen 3 Age >= 40 to < 75 years; patients 18 to 39 years of age will be eligible only if the investigator has determined that the patient has comorbidity(ies) precluding conventional allogeneic transplantation with full intensity myeloablative conditioning Age ? 10 year for Liposarcoma, Osteosarcoma, and Ewing sarcoma; Age ? 5 years for Rhabdomyosarcoma cohorts Age < 80 years and at least 1 of the following conditions: Children (< 18 years of age), pregnant women, University of California employees or students, or prisoners will be excluded from this study Age-adjusted serum creatinine < 1.5 x normal for age There are no age restrictions Age: up to and including 18 years at diagnosis of Haemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Must have a life expectancy of at least 5 years based on age and co-morbidities. Infants with post-menstrual age (PMA) <36 weeks Group B: Individuals > 70 years of age with previously untreated AML or individuals < 70 years of age with previously untreated AML who refuse or are unable to receive cytarabine as determined by the treating physician Age: \r\n* Stratum I (TMI containing arm): 18-60 years of age\r\n* Stratum II (non TMI arm): 18-70 years of age MLL rearranged AND age > 6 months INCLUSION CRITERIA FOR CCT: age between 1 and 21 years and able to cooperate with radiation safety restrictions during therapy period Postmenopausal defined as women >54 years of age with amenorrhea for ? 2 years prior to screening Age 55 years and 1 year or more of amenorrhea Man or woman, age >18 years Male or female outpatient of ? 18 years of age or ? country's legal age for adult consent Minimum age 18 years (in Japan, minimum age 20 years). Has reached the age of majority in their country One of the following:\r\n* Age >= 60 years\r\n* Age < 60 years but unsuitable for standard chemotherapy because of a cardiac ejection fraction of < 50%, a pulmonary diffusion capacity < 80%, or a creatinine clearance >= 30 and < 60 mL/min, or refused standard chemotherapy despite efforts to convince them otherwise Age (must have body surface area [BSA] >= 0.55 m^2):\r\n* Phase I: >= 3 and =< 21 years of age\r\n* Phase II: >= 3 and =< 35 years of age > 85 years of age must be approved by principal investigator Minimum Age 18 years (in certain territories, the minimum age requirement may be\n higher eg age 20 years in Japan and Taiwan) For patients < 18 years of age, their legal guardian must give informed consent; pediatric patients will be included in age-appropriate discussion in order to obtain verbal assent Ability to give informed consent; for subjects < 18 years old their legal guardian must give informed consent; pediatric subjects will be included in age appropriate discussion and verbal assent will be obtained for those >= 12 years of age, when appropriate Serum estradiol level assay (required for patients < 55 years of age and one year or more of amenorrhea) < 20 pg/mL Ability to give informed consent; for patients < 18 years of age their legal guardian must give informed consent; pediatric patients will be included in age-appropriate discussion in order to obtain verbal assent\r\n* Durable power of attorney form completed (patients >= 18 years of age only)\r\n* Female patients (and when relevant their male partners) must be willing to practice birth control (including abstinence) during and for two months after treatment, if of childbearing potential In subjects between 65 and 75 years of age, physiologic age and co-morbidity will be thoroughly evaluated before enrolling; specifically, any history of cardio-vascular pathology or symptoms, not clearly fitting the exclusion criteria will prompt an evaluation by a Clinical Center Cardiologist and eligibility will be considered on a case-by-case basis Assignment of DPA to a family member or guardian should be offered to all patients 18 years of age or older Age 18 - 80 years; age > 80 allowed at investigator discretion if performance status ? 1; and each organ system score ? 2 using cumulative illness rating scale (CIRS) Age ? 18 years or the minimum legal adult age (whichever is greater) at the time of Informed consent. Male subjects, as appropriate to age and the discretion of the study physician: Patients must be > 24 months and < 30 years of age when registered on study. Age ? 55 years and one year or more of amenorrhea Age < 55 years and one year or more of amenorrhea, with an estradiol assay < 20 pg/mL At least 15 years of age Except: where local regulations and/or institutional policies do not allow for subjects < 18 years of age (pediatric population) to participate. For those sites, the eligible subject population is ? 18 years of age Men and women 18 years of age to 80 years of age of any ethnic origin or race at the time of signing the ICD. Patients age >= 55 years with AML OR patients age < 55 years with AML, who also through pre-existing medical conditions or prior therapy are considered to be at high risk for serious toxicities associated with a conventional, high-dose preparative regimen Age superior or equal to 18 years or country's legal age of majority if the legal age is superior to 18 years old. Adult women (? 18 years of age) with advanced TNBC. Participant is female and ? 18 years of age or older if required by local laws or regulations Male or female, greater than or equal to (>=) 18 years of age (or having reached the age of majority according to local laws and regulations, if the age of majority is > 18 years of age); [i.e. >= 20 years of age in Japan]) Subjects ? 18 years of age must have the ability to give informed consent according to applicable regulatory and local institutional requirements. Legal guardian permission must be obtained for subjects < 18 years of age. Pediatric subjects will be included in age appropriate discussion in order to obtain assent. Age ?18 years (? 20 years in Japan). Female patients must have a bone age of equal to or greater than 12 years of age as determined by local read of appropriate radiographic imaging Male patients must have a bone age of equal to or greater than 14 years of age as determined by local read of appropriate radiographic imaging Cohort 1 patients must have measurable disease according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1\r\n* Note: patients in Cohort 1 will be stratified as follows:\r\n** Stratum 1: Patients >= 11 years of age but < 18 years\r\n** Stratum 2: Patients >= 11 years of age but < 50 years Minimum age in Japan is 20 years. Is the age of majority in country of residence Untreated AML, greater than or equal to 60 years of age and are not candidates for standard therapy due to age, performance status, and/or adverse risk factors, according to the treating physician and with approval of the Medical Monitor; Subjects must be>/= 18 years of age at the time of informed consent, because no dosing or adverse event data are currently available on the use of eltrombopag in children. Age >= 60 years and not candidates for conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy or refuse it; OR patients below the age of 60 years who are considered unfit and/or unable to tolerate standard chemotherapy at the discretion of the treating physician or the principal investigator Adult patient, >/= 18 years of age Subjects younger than 18 years of age Patient age > 50, or for patients < 50 years of age but because of pre-existing medical conditions or prior therapy are considered to be at high risk for regimen-related toxicity associated with conventional myeloablative transplants MATCHED RELATED DONOR: Age >= 2 and =< 60 years old and able to give consent or assent; for donors < 18 years old, the legal guardian must be able to provide informed consent and an evaluation by a licensed social worker (LSW) or psychiatric personnel will be needed to determine willingness to participate; pediatric patients will be included in an age appropriate discussion in accordance with institutional guidelines 18F FLT CANDIDATE TRANSPLANT RECIPIENT: Age >= 18 years old at National Cancer Institute (NCI), and age > 4 years and < 24 years at Children’s National Medical Center E 05. Less than 18 years (or country's legal age of majority if the legal age is >18 years). Eighteen years of age or above Unable to receive intensive chemotherapy regimens at enrollment, based on one of the following: I. Age ? 75 years, or II. Age < 75 years with at least 1 of the following co-morbidities: Age ?18 years. A patient may be of either sex and of any race/ethnicity. Patients under the age of 18. For ESFT patients age ?12 years. For ESFT patients age ?12 years. Specific eligibility criteria stratum 4:\r\n* Disease status: \r\n** Age between 6 and 18 months of age\r\n** Patients must have a symptomatic and/or life threatening plexiform neurofibroma(s) Age >= 16 years (age > 18 years to participate in optional symptom burden assessment) Minimum age 18 years (in certain territories, the minimum age requirement may be higher (e.g. 20 years in Japan and Taiwan) Patients must be ?1 and ? 21 years of age when originally diagnosed with ALL. Diagnosis Subjects ? 16 years of age: Karnofsky ? 60% (Appendix A) Patients > 18 years of age must have the ability to give informed consent according to applicable regulatory and local institutional requirements. Legal guardian permission must be obtained for patients < 18 years of age. Pediatric patients will be included in age appropriate discussion in order to obtain assent Male or female outpatients (except where inpatient stay is required for medical need at the Investigator's discretion) at least 18 years of age at the time of informed consent Patients over 18 years of age, regardless of race of gender Adult subjects; age ? 18 Patients younger than 15 years of age Male or female subjects with age ? 18 years or the otherwise legal lower age according to the country of residence; Adult patients, >/= 18 years of age Adult patients, >/= 18 years of age Patients above the age of 60 only with principal investigator (PI) approval Adult patient, >/= 18 years of age Adult participants, >/= 18 years of age Adult patients, >/= 18 years of age Eighteen years of age or above Is 0 months (at least 37 weeks gestation) to <18 years of age Patients must be < 30 years of age when registered on study. Age-adjusted serum creatinine 1.5 x normal for age/gender For the initial dose escalation to identify the maximum tolerable or PK target dose, age between 2 years and <18 years (inclusive) at the time of signing the informed consent form. Children < 2 years of age will be enrolled once the age specific expansion cohorts are open. Adult patients, >/= 18 years of age Patient is ? 18 years of age on the day of consent signature Age and Reproductive Status Participants must be < 31 years of age at the time of study entry\r\n* Participants currently on therapy at St. Jude, or within 3 years of completing therapy at St. Jude must be =< 24 years of age\r\n* Other participants must be =< 21 years of age Patients < 65 years of age with histologically confirmed refractory or relapsed Hodgkin’s disease (including patients who fail or relapse after autologous stem cell transplant [SCT]); this upper age limit will apply to transplants from both matched related and unrelated donors Patients up to 65 years of age at time of registration with a diagnosis of SAA; SAA is defined as follows: The parent must be at least 18 years of age to ensure the age of majority across all participating sites to legally consent their child One parent (? 18 years of age) can be present for all sessions PROVIDER ELIGIBILITY: The participant is greater than 18 years of age EXCLUSION FOR PARENTS: Parent is < 18 years of age Co-survivors must be over the age of 18 years Qualitative interviews will be conducted in patients (age 10 years or older) with their assent/consent; patients (age 10-17.9 years) will be asked to complete surveys that have been validated in this age group and that offer insight into the usefulness of the BMT Roadmap; patients (18 years or older) will be asked to complete surveys Child: child is age 5 to 17 years, 11 months Age\r\n* For centers that will use fluconazole as the antifungal comparator:\r\n** Age >= 3 months and < 21 years\r\n* For centers that will use voriconazole as the antifungal comparator:\r\n** Age >= 2 years and < 21 years Women age 18 years or older who self-identifies as African-American At least 25 years of age who self-identifies as African-American Cancer diagnosis prior to 22 years of age, irrespective of current age Cancer onset before the age of 21 Is ?18 years or the minimum legal adult age (whichever is greater) and ?75 years (at Screening); For dose-escalation stage (suspension): age at study entry >= 6 months to < 18 years. Participants <1 year of age will not be enrolled until >= 6 participants >= 1 year to < 18 years of age have received at least one cycle of therapy with suspension and until safety and pharmacokinetic assessment of these participants have been conducted. For expansion stage: age at study entry to be >= 6 months (>=6 years if suspension is not available) to < 30 years. Participants >= 6 months to < 1 year of age may not be enrolled until >= 6 participants >= 1 year to < 18 years of age have received at least one cycle of therapy with suspension in the dose-escalation phase and until safety and pharmacokinetic assessment of these participants have been conducted. Caregivers: At least 18 years of age Bone Mineral Density (BMD) requirements: Osteopenia if under 70 years of age; Osteopenia or normal BMD if over 70 years of age First-degree relatives (parents, siblings and adult children >= 25 years of age) of the CRC participants who do not have LS Were diagnosed with a childhood cancer prior to the age of 21 years Have at least 2 relatives with breast cancer on the same side of the family, one of which is =< 50 years of age Patient must have had a cancer diagnosis < 22 years of age, irrespective of current age Age ? 18 (or legal age of majority for sites outside US). RECIPIENT: Age 18 to 75 years Have at least one child under age 18 who is living in the same household Male or female, age ? 16 and ? 75 years (If applicable, local legal requirements for donors under the age of 18 will be followed) Male subjects 40-70 years of age diagnosed with adenocarcinoma of the prostate; Male or female subjects ? 21 years-of-age with the demonstrated ability to swallow capsules whole and who are willing to provide access to previously obtained biopsy results Have age-appropriate functional performance: Family history of CRC diagnosed before the age of 60 years Age ? 55 years and one year or more of amenorrhea Age < 55 years and one year or more of amenorrhea, with an estradiol assay < 20 pg/ml Adult patients at least 18 years of age Individuals who are less than 18 years of age Signed document of assent obtained if child >= 10 years of age Signed written informed consent (by parent if patient is < 18 years of age, or by patient, if he or she is >= 18 years of age) Patient assent for those >= 10 years of age and < 18 years of age for whom a parent provides informed consent Do not fit age criteria Patients over the age of 18. Adult male >/= 18 years of age Pediatric patients of any age are eligible, including those that may require sedation for MRI; more specifically, children 0-17 years of age and adults >= 18 years of age are eligible Adult patients over 18 years of age; All men > 40 years age and <80 years of age with an indication for a prostate biopsy will be offered inclusion in the study. Typical indications for biopsy include abnormal PSA (prostate specific antigen) and/or abnormal DRE (digital rectal exam). Age and Reproductive Status