The primary tumor in the lung must be biopsy confirmed non-small cell lung cancer within 180 days of randomizationXx_NEWLINE_xXHave synchronous primary endometrial cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHave a prior history of primary endometrial cancer, except: Stage IA cancer; superficial myometrial invasion, without lymphovascular invasion; grade less than (<) 3 or poorly differentiated subtypes, and this includes papillary serous, clear cell or other International Federation of Gynecological Oncologists (FIGO) Grade 3 lesionsXx_NEWLINE_xXPart 2B: Patient with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC), Endometrial cancers, and MSI-H solid tumors.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of other previous cancer that would interfere with the determination of safety or efficacyXx_NEWLINE_xXRecurrent rectal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXMust have had progression or recurrence of urothelial cancer during or following receipt of most recent therapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXAdvanced Non Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXDocumented incurable cancer with one of the following histologies: non-small cell lung cancer, malignant melanoma, renal cell cancer, triple negative breast cancer, colorectal cancer with microsatellite instability (MSI), bladder cancer, and metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXNo other prior malignancy is allowed except for the following:\r\n* Adequately managed stage I or II cancer from which the patient is currently in complete remission\r\n* Any other cancer from which the patient has been disease free for one year\r\n* Adequately managed stage I or II follicular thyroid or prostate cancer is also eligible, wherein patient is not required to be in complete remissionXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have pathologically proven squamous cell carcinoma (SCCA) cancer of the lung confirmed by tumor biopsy and/or fine-needle aspiration; disease must be stage IV SCCA, or recurrent; the primary diagnosis of SCCA should be established using the current World Health Organization (WHO)/International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC)-classification of Thoracic Malignancies; the diagnosis is based on hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained slides with or without specific defined immunohistochemistry (IHC) characteristic (p40/p63 positive, transcription termination factor [TTF1] negative) if required for diagnosis; mixed histologies are not allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must not have been treated with any of the following prior to step 1 initial registration:\r\n* Cetuximab, panitumumab, or any other monoclonal antibody against EGFR or inhibitor of EGFR\r\n* HER-2 targeting for treatment of colorectal cancer; patients who have received prior trastuzumab or pertuzumab for other indications such as prior history of adjuvant or neoadjuvant breast cancer treatment prior to the development of advanced colorectal cancer are eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXNo evidence of residual cancer or metastasis after surgeryXx_NEWLINE_xXPure small cell or other variant (non-adenocarcinoma) prostate cancer histology for which treatment with abiraterone would not be considered appropriateXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious radical surgery (prostatectomy) or cryosurgery for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior pharmacologic androgen ablation for prostate cancer is allowed only if the onset of androgen ablation (both LHRH agonist and oral anti-androgen) is =< 45 days prior to the date of registrationXx_NEWLINE_xXLife-threatening illness unrelated to cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXParticipants must have a pathologically-confirmed diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior whole gland ablative therapy (i.e. cryoablation or high intensity focused ultrasound [HIFU]) for prostate cancer is not allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXWillingness and ability to complete the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC-26) questionnaireXx_NEWLINE_xXHistological or cytological proof of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXSmall cell lung cancer (SCLC).Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects on bisphosphonates for any cancer or on hormone therapy for prostate cancer may continue this therapy. However, subjects with prostate cancer must have confirmed metastatic disease that has progressed despite hormonal therapy producing castrate levels of testosterone.Xx_NEWLINE_xXGroup 4: Anaplastic thyroid cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXNewly-diagnosed brain cancer with histopathological diagnosis of GBM;Xx_NEWLINE_xXSaw palmetto or other therapies thought to have endocrine effects on prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXAny prior therapy for lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXExtensive disease per criteria of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC)-American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) TNM staging systemXx_NEWLINE_xXLocalized prostate cancer that has been treated surgically with curative intent and presumed curedXx_NEWLINE_xXHistological confirmation of clear cell renal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXProstate cancer patients must have received and progressed on enzalutamideXx_NEWLINE_xXCo-administration of anti-cancer therapies other than those administered in the studyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with colorectal cancer should have progressed on at least one fluorouracil plus irinotecan or oxaliplatin containing regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXCurrent severe, uncontrolled systemic disease other than cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXDose Escalation Cohort: must have breast cancer, colorectal cancer, adrenocortical carcinoma, chromophobe renal cell carcinoma.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior history of head and neck cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXSmall cell lung cancer (SCLC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPART II: participants must have histologically confirmed advanced squamous cell lung cancer, advanced pancreatic cancer, advanced head & neck cancer (specifically non-oropharynx squamous cell carcinoma or human papillomavirus [HPV]-negative oropharynx squamous cell carcinoma), or any tumor with suspected PI3K-pathway dependence (either by mutation or by known biologic rationale, such as endometrial cancer; PI3K dependence includes the presence of a PIK3CA-mutant hotspot mutation (such as E542 [K], E545 [A, G, or K], H1047 [L, R, Y]), PIK3CA copy number gain, or PTEN loss in the archival or fresh tumor tissue specimen identified in a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act (CLIA)-certified laboratory; all genetic findings must be reviewed by the study principal investigator (PI), prior to study entryXx_NEWLINE_xXParticipants must have histologically or cytologically confirmed disease from melanoma, triple negative breast cancer, head and neck cancer, lung cancer, bladder cancer, renal cell cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXMetastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer, defined by progressive disease based on either rising PSA, new bone metastases, or progression of measurable disease on standard imaging, according to Prostate Cancer Working Group 2 (PCWG2) guidelines, despite androgen deprivation therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (adenocarcinoma)Xx_NEWLINE_xXRecent systemic anti-cancer therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXAdvanced or recurrent/metastatic solid tumor, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma, castration-resistant prostate cancer, gastric cancer, ovarian clear cell carcinoma and sarcoma, with measurable disease as determined by RECIST 1.1.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistologic or cytologic diagnosis of cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistological or cytological proof of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior exposure to cancer immunotherapy including any immune checkpoint inhibitor and/or cancer vaccinesXx_NEWLINE_xXHave discontinued all previous therapies for cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXActive, concurrent malignancy requiring radiation, chemotherapy, or immunotherapy (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer, adjuvant hormonal therapy for breast cancer and hormonal treatment for castration sensitive prostate cancer).Xx_NEWLINE_xXHave had cancer other than MB, NB, ES or RMS for Part A of the study or cancer other than MB in the previous 5 years for Parts A and BXx_NEWLINE_xXEvidence of history of bleeding disorder, dialysis, or coexisting cancer that is distinct in primary site or histology from the cancer evaluated in this studyXx_NEWLINE_xXPreviously identified small cell neuroendocrine tumours or pure small cell carcinoma of the prostate, based on a prior biopsy of the prostate.Xx_NEWLINE_xXIn Part A, the patients must have an advanced malignancy including but not limited to high-grade serous cancer of the ovary, fallopian tube, or peritoneum (EOC), triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), SCLC, primary peritoneal cancer, and any tumor likely to harbor DNA damage repair deficiencies susceptible to treatment with a PARP inhibitor or likely to be responsive to a PD-1 blocker.Xx_NEWLINE_xXProgressive cancer at the time of study entryXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior cancer therapy or anti-cancer vaccine within 4 weeks of initial study treatment.Xx_NEWLINE_xXParticipants must have any of the following tumor types, confirmed by available pathology records or current biopsy, that is advanced, nonresectable, or recurrent and progressing since last antitumor therapy, and for which no alternative standard therapy exists: pancreatic adenocarcinoma, renal clear cell carcinoma, SCCHN (squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck), NSCLC (non-small cell lung cancer), colorectal cancer (CRC), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), ovarian serous epithelial cancer, bladder transitional cancer, cervical cancer, and triple-negative breast cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXEvidence of prostate cancer progression by any of the following criteria: radiographic or PSA criteria, or symptomatic progression related to prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXSubject is unwilling to stop using herbal supplements that can affect the PSA, such as saw palmetto or prostate cancer (PC)-SPESXx_NEWLINE_xXHistologically diagnosed metastatic cancer (diagnosis made or confirmed at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center [MSKCC] for MSKCC participants; institutional pathologic determination accepted from participating multicenter sites)Xx_NEWLINE_xXSolid tumors measurable according to RECIST 1.1 or solid tumors not measurable according to RECIST 1.1, but which express tumor markers (e.g., prostate cancer with prostate specific antigen (PSA) expression or ovarian cancer with cancer antigen-125 (CA-125) expression) are eligible.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of thromboembolic disease or uterine cancer that is considered a contraindication to tamoxifenXx_NEWLINE_xXHistological or cytological diagnosis of renal cell cancer with a clear-cell componentXx_NEWLINE_xXEligible disease sites include the following\r\n* Breast\r\n* Prostate\r\n* Gastrointestinal (GI) (including colorectal, anal, esophagus, pancreas, gastric with the exception of patients with colon cancer and liver-only metastatic disease)\r\n* Head and neck\r\n* Skin (melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma)\r\n* Lung (both small cell and non-small cell)\r\n* Sarcoma (both soft tissue and bone)\r\n* Gynecologic (endometrial, cervical, ovarian, vaginal, vulvar)Xx_NEWLINE_xXCan have recurrent disease from the primary disease (this is definition of oligorecurrent disease) but cannot have any other primary cancer diagnosed or treated within the last 3 years other than cutaneous skin cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXEligible disease sites include the following\r\n* Breast\r\n* Prostate\r\n* Gastrointestinal (GI) (including colorectal, anal, esophagus, pancreas, gastric with the exception of colon cancer with resectable liver-only lesions)\r\n* Head and neck\r\n* Skin (melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma)\r\n* Lung (both small cell and non-small cell)\r\n* Sarcoma (both soft tissue and bone)\r\n* Gynecologic (endometrial, cervical, ovarian, vaginal, vulvar)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious prostate cancer surgery to include: prostatectomy, hyperthermia and cryosurgery.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious pelvic radiation for prostate cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy for prostate cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior use of ketoconazole for the purposes of prostate cancer therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXAnother active malignancy requiring therapy such as radiation, chemotherapy, or immunotherapy; exceptions to this are as follows: localized non-melanotic skin cancer and any cancer that in the judgment of the investigator has been treated with curative intent and will not interfere with the study treatment plan and response assessment; patients with >= 25% of the bone marrow radiated for other diseases are not eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXNo other concurrent invasive malignancies treated for the past year (localized prostate cancer or early stage skin cancer are not exclusion criteria)Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects with MSI-H pancreatic cancer who have not previously received pembrolizumab.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPulmonary disease requiring chronic medical therapy, unrelated to underlying cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHave received systemic anti-cancer treatment or radiotherapy less than 2 weeks before the first dose of AG-270. Subjects with castration-resistant prostate cancer may continue therapy with a luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) agonist while participating in this study. Continuation of supportive therapy with bisphosphonates or denosumab is also allowed, regardless of the underlying malignancy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXMust have previously treated metastatic colorectal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXBRAF V600 mutant colorectal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have a known diagnosis of either metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) or non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with evidence of measurable disease.Xx_NEWLINE_xXSmall cell lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHave other active malignancies or diagnosed with other malignancies within the last 6 months, except nonmelanoma skin cancer or cervical intraepithelial neoplasiaXx_NEWLINE_xXParticipants must have a biopsy-proven diagnosis of primary or recurrent gynecologic cancer for which intracavitary or interstitial brachytherapy is planned as standard treatment; eligible disease sites include primary or recurrent cancer of endometrial, ovarian, cervical, vaginal, or vulvar originXx_NEWLINE_xXHistopathologic evidence of cancer based upon pathologist's report.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistological diagnosis of melanoma confirmed at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXMust have esophageal cancer that cannot be operated on, or treated with definitive chemoradiation with curative intent, that is advanced, reoccurring or has spread outXx_NEWLINE_xXSquamous cell or undifferentiated gastric cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXuse of opiate analgesics for prostate cancer pain within 4 week of treatment startXx_NEWLINE_xXPathology consistent with majority of specimen having small cell carcinoma of the prostate (prostate cancer with neuroendocrine features is acceptable)Xx_NEWLINE_xXSymptomatic prostate cancer as determined by cancer-related pain requiring narcotic pain medication or any other clear and unequivocal symptoms related to prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent administration of other cancer specific therapy during the course of this study is not allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXMust have received at least 1 line of AR-targeted therapy or androgen bio-synthesis inhibitor (e.g., abiraterone acetate, enzalutamide, apalutamide) for prostate cancer (PCa)Xx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent administration of other cancer specific therapy during the course of this study is not allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients receiving denosumab or bisphosphonates for any cancer, or undergoing androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer, are eligible for this therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent administration of any other anti-cancer therapy (except male participants with prostate cancer receiving androgen blockade: Bisphosphonates and denosumab are allowed; Most recent anti-cancer therapy </=28 days and have not recovered from the side effects, excluding alopecia; Radiaiton therapy within </=14 daysXx_NEWLINE_xXNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) or pancreatic cancer identified by exon 19 deletions or exon 21 L858R substitution mutationsXx_NEWLINE_xXEligible patients must have histopathologically confirmed Hürthle cell thyroid cancer by central reviewXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with prior history of either small cell lung cancer or NSCLC regardless of the treatment received, other than patients who have recurrent disease following resectionXx_NEWLINE_xXAny prior therapy for lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with synchronous primary endometrial cancer, or a past history of primary endometrial cancer, unless all of the following conditions are met: stage not greater than I-A, grade 1 or 2, no more than superficial myometrial invasion, without vascular or lymphatic invasion; no poorly differentiated subtypes, including serous, clear cell or other FIGO grade 3 lesionsXx_NEWLINE_xXPain due to metastatic prostate cancer requiring treatment interventionXx_NEWLINE_xXRequires urinary catheterization for voiding due to obstruction secondary to prostatic enlargement well documented to be due to prostate cancer or benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)Xx_NEWLINE_xXOther active cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXAsymptomatic or mildly symptomatic form of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXFAZ053 single agent: NSCLC/ TNBC/ Endometrial cancer / Anaplastic thyroid cancer/Selected indication(s) in dose expansion group every 6 Weeks (Q6W) dosing regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent administration of other cancer specific therapy during the course of this study is not allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXParticipant has a lesion in the oral cavity or oropharynx that is not yet biopsied but is highly suspicious for cancer; (randomization will be placed on hold until the presence of cancer is histologically confirmed, and a treatment plan is established; if the presence of cancer is not confirmed, the participant will be considered a screen failure)Xx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnostic of small cell lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXProstatic intraepithelial neoplasia without evidence of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPts with colorectal cancer must be KRAS wild-typeXx_NEWLINE_xXNo other concurrent chemotherapeutic or investigational agents for this cancer. However, concurrent glucocorticoids are allowed;Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistologic diagnosis of a non-small cell lung cancer or lung metastasis from a solid tumor; one biopsy site is adequate for multiple sites of thoracic diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXRelapse of the underlying cancer or post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease at the time of screening.Xx_NEWLINE_xXActive, concurrent malignancy requiring radiation, chemotherapy, or immunotherapy (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer, adjuvant hormonal therapy for breast cancer and hormonal treatment for castration sensitive prostate cancer).Xx_NEWLINE_xXNodal recurrences can be treated on this protocol but prior curative surgery for lung cancer must have been at least 6 months prior to the nodal recurrenceXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have metastatic prostate cancer with histological or cytological confirmation.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistologic proof of melanoma reviewed and confirmed by Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXMust have histological or cytological evidence of a diagnosis of cancer that is not amenable to curative therapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistological or cytological diagnosis of solid cancer or lymphoma that is considered incurable and without therapies with established benefit. Biopsy is not necessary for subjects with known prior diagnosis and clinical or radiographic evidence of recurrence.Xx_NEWLINE_xXOrgan confined clinical T1C or clinical T2a prostate cancer that is visualized on MR imagingXx_NEWLINE_xXProstate cancer is diagnosed by MR image guided biopsiesXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of prior treatment for prostate cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXconcomitant anti-cancer therapy (other then BTZ/Dex and bisphosphonatesXx_NEWLINE_xXSmall cell lung cancer (SCLC).Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with incurable malignancies with >= 50% 2-year cancer-associated mortality (as estimated by two physician and where appropriate according to 2014 NCDB data); diseases include, but are not limited to:\r\n* Ampullary carcinoma\r\n* Appendiceal cancer\r\n* Colorectal cancer (CRC)\r\n* Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (EHCC)\r\n* Esophageal adenocarcinoma\r\n* Gallbladder cancer (GBCA)\r\n* Gastric adenocarcinoma\r\n* Head and neck cancer\r\n* Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)\r\n* Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC)\r\n* Melanoma\r\n* Non-KIT GIST (gastrointestinal stromal tumor)\r\n* Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)\r\n* Ovarian cancer\r\n* Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC)\r\n* Sarcoma (high-grade)\r\n* Small bowel adenocarcinoma (including duodenal)\r\n* Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC)\r\n* Urothelial cancer\r\n** Note: we will limit gastrointestinal malignancies to no more than 65% of the case mixXx_NEWLINE_xXEGFR mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that has previously received a first line platinum doublet and all applicable EGFR TKIsXx_NEWLINE_xXParticipants must have a pathologic cancer diagnosis:\r\n* COHORT I: Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, nasopharyngeal cancer, or salivary gland cancer\r\n* COHORT II: Solid tumor to the head and neck amenable to palliative treatment, including but not limited to squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, sarcoma, melanoma, NK/T lymphoma, poorly differentiated thyroid cancer, and anaplastic thyroid cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXCOHORT I: Pathologically proven recurrent disease or a second primary (squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, nasopharyngeal cancer, or salivary gland cancer) within the head and neck region, deemed to be unresectable or resected with gross residual disease remaining or microscopically positive margins defined as closer than 5mm (determined by either operative/pathology report or postsurgical imaging)Xx_NEWLINE_xXUse of opioid analgesics for cancer-related painXx_NEWLINE_xXComponent of small-cell cancer or sarcomatoid cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXSquamous head and neck cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent use of other anti-cancer agents or treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent use of other anti-cancer agents or treatmentsXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior treatment for head and neck cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXFor the Phase II part of the study, newly diagnosed OR refractory/metastatic anaplastic thyroid cancer confirmed by histology, incurable by surgery, radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy alone or in combinationXx_NEWLINE_xXFor the Phase I part of the study, eligible patients must have incurable poorly differentiated thyroid cancer; OR anaplastic thyroid cancer; OR radioiodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer that is refractory to a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI); OR patients who cannot tolerate a TKI are also eligible; histological confirmation of poorly differentiated, undifferentiated or anaplastic histology is required for untreated cases, but is not required for the refractory casesXx_NEWLINE_xXUse of herbal products that may have hormonal anti-prostate cancer activity and/or are known to decrease PSA levels (e.g., saw palmetto) within 4 weeks of study drug administration (day 1)Xx_NEWLINE_xXAny other cancer, unless the patient has been disease-free for ?5 yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXChronic use of immune-suppressive drugs (ie, systemic corticosteroids used in the management of cancer or non-cancer related illnesses, eg, COPD).Xx_NEWLINE_xXFor expansion cohorts: Subjects will be eligible for Part 2 only if they have histological or cytological confirmed squamous non-small cell lung cancer (sqNSCLC), lung adenocarcinoma, head and neck cancer or bladder cancer (BC). All subjects in Part 2 will be stratified according to high FGFR expression levels FGFR mutation using archival or fresh tumor biopsy specimen. BC subjects with low overall FGFR expression levels can be included if activating FGFR3(FGFR tyrosine kinases3) mutations are confirmedXx_NEWLINE_xXHave minimally symptomatic metastatic castration recurrent prostate cancer with bone lesions; this patient population is defined as having failed hormone treatment and has insurance approval for PROVENGE therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXProstate cancer pain requiring regularly scheduled narcoticsXx_NEWLINE_xXPathologically confirmed invasive non-small cell lung cancer within 12 weeks prior to study registration. OR Pathologically confirmed invasive non-small cell lung cancer within 6 months prior to study registration if the patient received induction chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXLow-grade prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXDecision to manage prostate cancer with active surveillanceXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with prostate cancer can continue to receive treatment with gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists while on study, as long as there is evidence of disease progression on therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent use of another anti-cancer drug including an investigational anti-cancer agentXx_NEWLINE_xXExpansion cohort B, groups 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7: Patients must have advanced pathologically proven mutant KRAS non-small cell lung cancer (group 1), pancreatic cancer (group 2; documentation of KRAS mutation not required), mutant KRAS colorectal cancer (group 3), head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (group 4), mesothelioma (group 5), hepatocellular cancer (group 6), and biliary carcinoma (group 7)Xx_NEWLINE_xXCOHORT B GROUP 1: NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER: Patients must have advanced non-small cell lung cancer with mutant KRASXx_NEWLINE_xXCOHORT B GROUP 1: NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER: Patients must have failed a minimum of one previous line of chemotherapy for advanced diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXCOHORT B, GROUP 3: COLORECTAL CANCER: Patients must have colorectal adenocarcinoma that harbored a KRAS mutationXx_NEWLINE_xXCOHORT B, GROUP 1: NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER: Patients must not have clinical significant hemoptysisXx_NEWLINE_xXFor brachytherapy, prostate volume must be less than 55cc prior to AS.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious prostate cancer surgery to include: prostatectomy, hyperthermia and cryosurgery.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious pelvic radiation for prostate cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious androgen suppression therapy for prostate cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy for prostate cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXCervical cancer\r\n* Patients who are unable to undergo surgery and must have treatment for an inoperable primary cervical cancer\r\n* Patients with locally advanced cervical cancer in whom brachytherapy will be integrated as a boost to external beam radiation either a palliative or curative setting (definitive or postoperative setting)Xx_NEWLINE_xXLung cancer\r\n* Patients with an endobronchial component causing symptoms\r\n* Patients who cannot undergo resection because of poor lung function or distant lung metastasisXx_NEWLINE_xXProstate cancer\r\n* Patients with localized prostate cancer (T1b-T3b) in whom brachytherapy will be integrated as a boost to external beam radiation or used as monotherapy for definitive managementXx_NEWLINE_xXPresence of active 2nd malignancy requiring treatment; 2nd malignancies with low activity which do not require treatment (i.e. low grade prostate cancer, basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer) do not constitute exclusionsXx_NEWLINE_xXHistological or cytological proof of chemotherapy-naive, extensive, small cell lung cancer or neuroendocrine cancers that are either high grade or poorly differentiatedXx_NEWLINE_xXBiopsy proven KSHV-associated MCD, confirmed in the Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research (CCR)Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistological or cytological proof of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior androgen suppression therapy for prostate cancer for more than 6 monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent use of other anti-cancer agents or treatments.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with clear cell or low grade ovarian cancer unless the patient has a known germline or somatic breast cancer (BRCA) mutation or a mutation in another homologous recombination geneXx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior therapy for rectal cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects who require warfarin, anti-cancer therapeutics or investigational agentsXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have histologically or cytologically confirmed prostate cancer confirmed by either the Laboratory of Pathology at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Clinical Center or Walter Reed National Military Medical Center at Bethesda prior to starting this study. If no pathological specimen is available, patients may enroll with a pathologist’s report showing a histological diagnosis of prostate cancer and clinical course consistent with the disease.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior ADT with GnRH analogue for prostate cancer for more than 2 weeksXx_NEWLINE_xXHave a diagnosis of multiple myeloma (MM); the MM diagnosis must be confirmed by internal pathology review of a fresh biopsy specimen at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance (FHCRC/SCCA)Xx_NEWLINE_xXCastrate testosterone level (< 50ng/dl or 1.7nmol /L); (patients with a malignancy other than prostate cancer are excluded from this criterion)Xx_NEWLINE_xXAsymptomatic or mildly symptomatic form prostate cancer; no use of regularly scheduled opiate analgesics for prostate cancer-related pain; (patients with a malignancy other than prostate cancer are excluded from this criterion)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must agree to continuation of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue/antagonist or bilateral orchiectomy; (patients with a malignancy other than prostate cancer are excluded from this criterion)Xx_NEWLINE_xXCytologically or histologically confirmed prostate cancer for which no curative standard approved therapy is available by either the laboratory of pathology at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Clinical Center or Walter Reed National Military Medical Center at Bethesda prior to starting this study; if no pathologic specimen is available, patients may enroll with a pathologist’s report showing a histological diagnosis of prostate cancer and a clinical course consistent with the diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXConfirmation of the diagnosis of metastatic cancer by the Laboratory of Pathology of NCIXx_NEWLINE_xXNo previous local therapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious local therapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious chemotherapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXIncurable cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXOvarian cancer cohort only: Subjects must have high-grade non-mucinous histology (carcinosarcomas are allowed).Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistological or cytological evidence/confirmation of urothelial cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXGreater than 2 lines of prior systemic therapy for metastatic non-small cell lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior treatment with osimertinib or other drugs that target EGFR mutant non-small cell lung cancer (including erlotinib, afatinib, gefitinib, rocelitinib)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPresence of another major cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXLocalized urothelial cancer of bladder with presence of transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) component; mixed histologies are allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXRadically treated prostate cancer (prostatectomy or radiotherapy) with normal prostate-specific antigen, and not requiring ongoing antiandrogen hormonal therapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects with histologically confirmed advanced, progressive, well-differentiated nonfunctional NET of the pancreas, lung or gastrointestinal (GI) tract per the 7th International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer classification (IASLC) or the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging handbook, 7th editionXx_NEWLINE_xXSubject has been on abiraterone for castration-sensitive prostate cancer (CSPC) or castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Subjects who have received abiraterone for CSPC must have had a response to hormonal therapy, as defined by any decline in PSA, radiographic response and/or clinical benefit after starting hormonal therapy. Subjects who have received abiraterone for CRPC must have responded to abiraterone, defined by any decline in PSA, radiographic response, and/or clinical benefit after starting abiraterone.Xx_NEWLINE_xXMeasurable solid cancer with at least one lesion that is resectable for tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) generation with minimal morbidity plus at least one other lesion that can be measured that falls into one of four cohorts:\r\n* Gastrointestinal and genitourinary cancers\r\n* Breast and ovarian, and other solid cancers\r\n* Lung cancer (Non-small cell lung cancer ([NSCLC])\r\n* Glioblastoma\r\n** Note: Metastatic disease is required for cohorts 1-3, but not required for cohort 4\r\n** Note: NSCLC includes but is not limited to squamous cell carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma or adenocarcinomas; neuroendocrine tumors are not eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXCOHORT 3: ENDOMETRIAL CANCER: Patients must have at least one lesion deemed safe to biopsy and be willing to undergo mandatory biopsiesXx_NEWLINE_xXHistologically or cytologically confirmed non-small cell lung cancer; if a diagnostic biopsy is available, a pre-treatment biopsy is not required. Patients with a suspected lung cancer may be consented, but pathology must be confirmed prior to initiating treatment on study. Neuroendocrine carcinomas (e.g. small cell lung cancer [SCLC], carcinoid tumors) are not eligible. Carcinomas with neuroendocrine differentiation are eligible.Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects on bisphosphonates/denosumab for any cancer or on hormone therapy for prostate cancer may continue this therapy; however, subjects with prostate cancer must have confirmed metastatic disease that has progressed despite hormonal therapy or refused or is intolerant of hormonal therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXLife-threatening illness unrelated to cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXThe patient has untreated concurrent urothelial cancer in other locations other than the target area (unless treated during screening)Xx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent use of other anti-cancer agents or treatmentsXx_NEWLINE_xXProgression of metastatic prostate cancer in the setting of castrate levels of testosterone or history of bilateral orchiectomy at study entryXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior treatment with: LHRH agonist/antagonists; second generation androgen receptor (AR) inhibitors such as enzalutamide, ARN-509, darolutamide (ODM-201); other investigational AR inhibitors; CYP17 enzyme inhibitor such as abiraterone acetate or oral ketoconazole as antineoplastic treatment for prostate cancer, chemotherapy or immunotherapy for prostate cancer prior to randomization.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemo therapy or radiosensitizer for head and neck cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of anal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXFor patients with pancreatic cancer:\r\n* Stage I-III cytologically or histologically-proven pancreatic adenocarcinoma\r\n* Cancer confirmed to be surgically resectable, with surgery evaluation with planned resection\r\n* Patients may have prior neoadjuvant chemotherapy, but no neoadjuvant chemoradiation\r\n* No cancer chemotherapy treatment 2 weeks prior to day 2 of treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXIf have untreated primary prostate cancer: must undergo debulking prostatectomyXx_NEWLINE_xXIf had prior definitive radiation therapy to the prostate: no evidence of locally persistent or recurrent prostate cancer on digital rectal exam (DRE) and imaging studies (CT or MRI)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior treatment for prostate cancer, including ADT, orchiectomy, antiandrogens, ketoconazole, abiraterone acetate or enzalutamideXx_NEWLINE_xXHave discontinued previous treatments for cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior treatment for this diagnosis of cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHave a diagnosis of BCMA+ multiple myeloma (MM) (>= 5% BCMA+ by flow cytometry on CD138 co-expressing plasma cells obtained within 45 days of study enrollment); the MM diagnosis must be confirmed by internal pathology review of a fresh biopsy specimen at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (FHCRC)/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance (SCCA)Xx_NEWLINE_xXEXCLUDED THERAPIES AND MEDICATIONS FOR CANCERXx_NEWLINE_xXA previous diagnosis of histologically defined head and neck cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXCompleted cancer treatment with no evidence of active cancer; all post-surgical swelling must be resolved.Xx_NEWLINE_xXLife-threatening illness unrelated to cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with a separate non-cutaneous cancer diagnosis for which the patient has not been without evidence of disease for at least 5 yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with synchronous primary endometrial cancer, or a past history of primary endometrial cancer, are excluded, unless all of the following conditions are met: stage not greater than I-B; no more than superficial myometrial invasion, without vascular or lymphatic invasion; no poorly differentiated subtypes, including papillary serous, clear cell or other Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) grade 3 lesionsXx_NEWLINE_xXHistopathological documentation of prostate cancer confirmed in either the Laboratory of Pathology at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Clinical Center, or Walter Reed National Military Medical Center prior to enrollment; if no pathologic specimen is available, patients may enroll with a pathologist’s report showing a histologic diagnosis of prostate cancer and a clinical course consistent with the diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXHistologic diagnosis of prostate cancer identifying Gleason score of 3+4 on one half of the prostate gland in no more than 2 sextants of the prostate gland and not present in more than 50% of any one core taken systematically. The involvement criterion does not apply to cores taken from MRI suspicious volumes.Xx_NEWLINE_xXProstate cancer stage up to cT2a - N0/Nx - M0/Mx.Xx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent use of other anti-cancer agents or treatmentsXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of primary lung cancer stage I, II, or IIIa OR secondary lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious or concurrent cytotoxic chemotherapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrimary resectable rectal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXParticipants must have a pathologically-confirmed diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects must have the diagnosis of prostate cancer and be on active surveillance (AS). For the purpose of this study, active surveillance implies prostate-specific antigen (PSA) < 10 ng/mL, biopsy Gleason sum =< 6 with no pattern 4 or 5, cancer involvement of < 33% of biopsy cores, and clinical stage T1/T2a tumor.Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects receiving any treatment other than AS for prostate cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with known metastatic prostate cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXConfirmation of diagnosis by internal pathology review of initial or subsequent biopsy or other pathologic material at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (FHCRC)/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance (SCCA)/University of Washington (UW)/Harborview Medical Center (HMC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXMixed small-cell lung cancer and sarcomatoid variant NSCLC histologyXx_NEWLINE_xXDocumentation that the patient is a candidate for chemoradiation of their nasopharyngeal cancer by one of the study investigatorsXx_NEWLINE_xXAny prior treatment for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) with carboplatin, cisplatin, cabazitaxel or olaparib.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients undergoing any systemic therapy (except for luteinizing hormone-releasing [LHRH] hormone agonist or antagonist treatment for prostate cancer, and bisphosphonates or receptor activator of nuclear factor [Nf] kappa [RANK] ligand inhibitors for bone strengthening), major surgery or radiotherapy for the treatment of prostate cancer within 2 weeks of study entry.Xx_NEWLINE_xXAny prior treatment for pancreatic cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXAnother cancer with expected survival of < 2 yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXFractures due to prostatic cancer or other osteoblastic metastases to the spineXx_NEWLINE_xXMetastatic, radioactive iodine (RAI) refractory, differentiated thyroid cancer (including papillary and follicular thyroid cancer and their sub-types such as Hurthle cell thyroid cancer as well as poorly differentiated thyroid cancer); RAI refractoriness is defined as absence of uptake of RAI on either a low dose diagnostic test or a post-treatment RAI scan in measurable lesions or radiographic progression of disease within 12 months of the last course of RAI treatment despite the recorded uptake of RAI with that previous therapy or having a cumulative lifetime administered dose of greater than 600 mCi.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with synchronous primary endometrial cancer, or a past history of primary endometrial cancer, unless all of the following conditions are met: stage not greater than I-A, grade 1 or 2, no more than superficial myometrial invasion, without vascular or lymphatic invasion; no poorly differentiated subtypes, including serous, clear cell or other FIGO grade 3 lesionsXx_NEWLINE_xXUndergoing or have plans to undergo changes to current cancer treatment.Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects must have measurable disease (RECIST v 1.1) or patients may have bone metastatic disease evaluable by Prostate Cancer Working Group 2 (PCWG2) for subjects with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) or according to tumor evaluation criteria best suitable and accepted for the tumor type evaluated.Xx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of recurrent and/or metastatic thyroid cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXCancer survivors of the state of Maryland cancers of interestXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with a current diagnosis of prostate cancer will be excludedXx_NEWLINE_xXEstimated time to first treatment of 3 years or less according to MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC) nomogram.Xx_NEWLINE_xXAsymptomatic or minimally symptomatic patients (do not require narcotics for prostate cancer-related pain).Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior use of taxane-based chemotherapy for treatment of castrate resistant prostate cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXAny other cancer (excluding radically operated localized squamous skin cancer) with clinical activity within the last 2 yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXConfirmation of the diagnosis of cancer by the Laboratory of Pathology of the NCIXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have previously received standard systemic therapy for their advanced cancer and have been either non-responders (progressive disease) or have recurred; specifically;\r\n* For patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, they must have had at least two systemic chemotherapy regimens that include fluorouracil (5FU), leucovorin, bevacizumab, oxaliplatin and irinotecan or have contraindications to receiving those medications\r\n* For pancreatic cancer, they must have received gemcitabine, 5FU and oxaliplatin or have contraindications to receiving those medications\r\n* Patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) must have had appropriate targeted therapy as indicated by abnormalities in ALK, EGFR or expression of PDL-1; other patients must have had platinum-based chemotherapy\r\n* Patients with ovarian cancer or prostate cancer must have had approved first line chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXInclusion Criteria:\n\n        -Part A - single-agent dose-escalation part: Patients with histologically confirmed solid\n        tumors or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL).\n\n        Part B - single-agent expansion part:\n\n          -  Patients with DNA Damage Response (DDR) defects or Mismatched Repair (MMR) deficiency\n             putative biomarker-positive advanced solid tumors of the following histologies: i)\n             castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC); ii) lung cancer, including\n             adenocarcinoma, squamous carcinoma, or small cell lung cancer (SCLC); iii) colorectal\n             cancer (CRC) and iv) gynecological tumors (ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, or\n             cervical cancer).\n\n          -  Patients with advanced mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Patients with diffuse large B cell\n             lymphoma (DLBCL) known to be positive for DDR defects.\n\n          -  Part C (dose escalation in combination with radium-223 dichloride)\n             Castration-resistant prostate cancer with symptomatic bone metastases (positive bone\n             scan the last 3 months) and no known visceral metastatic disease.\n\n        The following inclusion criteria apply to ALL (dose-escalation and expansion) patients:\n\n          -  Patients with tumors resistant or refractory to standard treatment and for which, in\n             the opinion of the investigator, experimental treatment with BAY1895344 may be of\n             benefit, or patients who refused standard treatment\n\n          -  Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 to 1.\n\n          -  Adequate bone marrow function as assessed by the following laboratory tests\n\n               1. Part A + B: Hemoglobin (HB) >=8.5 g/dL; patients with chronic erythropoietin\n                  treatment consistent with institutional guidelines can be included Part\n                  C:Hemoglobin ?9.0 g/dL\n\n               2. Platelet count >=100,000/mm*3\n\n               3. Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >=1500/mm*3\n\n        Exclusion Criteria:\n\n          -  Known hypersensitivity to the study drugs or excipients of the preparations or any\n             agent given in association with this study\n\n          -  History of cardiac disease: congestive heart failure New York Heart Association (NYHA)\n             class >II, unstable angina (angina symptoms at rest), new-onset angina (within the\n             past 6 months before study entry), myocardial infarction within the past 6 months\n             before study entry, or cardiac arrhythmias requiring anti-arrhythmic therapy (beta\n             blockers, calcium channel blockers, and digoxin are permitted)\n\n          -  Moderate or severe hepatic impairment, i.e. Child-Pugh class B or C\n\n          -  Patients with known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection\n\n          -  Patients who have an active hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV)\n             infection requiring treatment. Patients with chronic HBV or HCV infection are eligible\n             at the investigator's discretion provided that the disease is stable and sufficiently\n             controlled under treatment.\n\n          -  Infections of CTCAE(Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events Version) Grade 2\n             not responding to therapy or active clinically serious infections of CTCAE Grade >2Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior use of abiraterone and other hormonal agents used to treat prostate cancer are permitted but abiraterone acetate should be stopped prior to study treatment initiationXx_NEWLINE_xXHistological documentation of adenocarcinoma of the prostate reviewed at MD Anderson Cancer Center. Patients with small cell, neuroendocrine, or transitional cell carcinomas are not eligible.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with high-risk prostate cancer (at least 1 core with Gleason sum >= 8) must have at least three core biopsies involved with cancer (a minimum of 6 core biopsies, must be obtained at baseline). A prostate biopsy within 3 months from screening is allowed for entry requirements.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHas metastatic non-small cell lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPreviously untreated, histologically proven, surgically resectable primary squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, stage III or IV (human papilloma virus [HPV] positive or negative non-metastatic disease); SCCHN of unknown primary is excluded; SCCHN of the oral cavity is allowed; unambiguously squamous Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-negative nasopharynx cancer will not be excluded nor will unambiguously squamous cancers of the skull base that are clearly surgically resectable and clearly squamous; squamous skin cancer occurring in the head/neck region will not be eligible nor will EBV+ nasopharynx cancer\r\n*Note: Induction chemotherapy is not considered standard therapy for SCCHN of the oral cavity and participation on this trial will lead to a delay in time to definitive, potentially curative therapy i.e, surgeryXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with histologically documented recurrent head and neck cancer, or second primary head and neck cancer, AND who have previously received radiation (at least 30 Gy) for head and neck cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of prostate cancer undergoing prostatectomyXx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior pelvic radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or other anti-cancer treatment for rectal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious radiotherapy in the pelvic region (eg, prostate) or previous rectal surgery (eg, total mesorectal excision [TME]) or any investigational treatment for rectal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious treatment with 1 or 2 chemotherapy regimens including at least 1 taxane-based regimen for metastatic (non castrate or castrate) prostate cancer. Patients may have received radium-223 and/or cabazitaxel, or were deemed unsuitable, declined, or did not have access to these therapies.Xx_NEWLINE_xXUse of systemic chemotherapeutic (including but not limited to taxanes), hormonal, biologic, or radionuclide therapy for treatment of metastatic prostate cancer (other than approved bone targeting agents and GnRH agonist/antagonist) or any other investigational agent within 4 weeks before day 1.Xx_NEWLINE_xXNewly diagnosed, untreated, biopsy proven non-small cell lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with metastatic or node positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of blocked intestines because of ovarian cancer, unless fully resolved.Xx_NEWLINE_xXConfirmed tissue diagnosis of esophageal squamous cell cancer, adenocarcinoma or poorly differentiated carcinoma, with pathology reviewed at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubject has histologically confirmed diagnosis of any one of the following cancers: urothelial cancer (transitional cell cancer of the bladder, ureter, urethra or renal pelvis), melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, ovarian cancer, NSCLC (squamous, adenosquamous, or large cell), esophageal (squamous and adenocarcinoma) or gastric cancer, synovial sarcoma or MRCLS.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistological confirmation of non-small cell lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistologic/cytologic documentation of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXOther known active cancer(s) likely to require treatment in the next two (2) yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXOngoing hormonal therapy administered for control of cancer (e.g., breast cancer, prostate cancer), which may be continued throughout the studyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior cancer diagnosis, except appropriately treated localized epithelial skin cancer or cervical cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have histopathological confirmation of biliary tract carcinoma (BTC) by the Laboratory of Pathology of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) prior to entering this study OR histopathological confirmation of carcinoma in the setting of clinical and radiological characteristics which, together with the pathology, are highly suggestive of a diagnosis of biliary tract carcinoma; the term BTC includes intra- or extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, gallbladder cancer or ampullary cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXAny other previous antitumor therapies for the current cancer event; this exclusion does not apply to phase Ib part of cohort 1Xx_NEWLINE_xXOther concurrent cancer (with the exception of non-melanoma skin cancer and low-risk localized prostate cancer on active surveillance)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatient must have pathologically-confirmed and previously untreated:\r\n* Non-small cell lung cancer, stage IIIA (T1-3 N2 M0) OR\r\n* Localized esophageal cancer, >= T2, or N+, and M0 according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 7th edition stagingXx_NEWLINE_xXThe study is intended to enroll patients with pancreatic and colorectal cancer; patients with other types of solid tumors will require approval by the principal investigatorXx_NEWLINE_xXCystic pancreatic cancer; microcystic disease may be eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXHave endocrine pancreatic tumors or ampullary cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXIs a candidate for, in the opinion of the investigator, at least 1 year of continuous androgen deprivation therapy for the management of androgen-sensitive advanced prostate cancer with one of the following clinical disease state presentations:Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious systemic cytotoxic treatment for prostate cancer (eg: taxane-based regimen);Xx_NEWLINE_xXPathologically (histologically or cytologically) proven diagnosis of anaplastic thyroid cancer (a diagnosis that is noted to be consistent with anaplastic thyroid cancer is acceptable)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have histologically confirmed thymoma or thymic carcinoma by the pathology department/Center for Cancer Research (CCR)/National Cancer Institute (NCI)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have histologically confirmed medullary thyroid cancer by the laboratory of pathology or a pathology report and history consistent with medullary thyroid cancer; it is not uncommon for a secondary, minor pathologic focus of another form of thyroid cancer to be coincidentally found in 15-20% of patients with medullary thyroid cancer; in such cases, eligibility is based on the discretion of the investigatorXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior history of invasive HPV-related anogenital cancer (cervical, vaginal, vulvar, penile, or anal cancer), or oropharyngeal cancer (base of tongue, tonsil); prior cancer at other sites (including most of oral cavity) or larynx are not exclusionsXx_NEWLINE_xXMen with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (prostate cancer progressing despite castrate levels of testosterone [< 50 ng/dL]), using standard measures of progression defined by Prostate Cancer Working Group 2 (PCWG2)Xx_NEWLINE_xXProstate cancer proven by histopathologyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient who are capable to return to MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC) for follow-upXx_NEWLINE_xXPreviously treated with a maximum of 4 cancer-directed treatment regimens.Xx_NEWLINE_xXNo evidence of recurrent local or distant breast cancer by physical examination, blood tests (complete blood count [CBC], liver function tests [LFTs], alkaline phosphatase [alk phos]), or symptom-directed imaging, per National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelinesXx_NEWLINE_xXSubject has received an investigational therapeutic agent for prostate cancer within 4 weeks prior to the administration of 131I-MIP-1095Xx_NEWLINE_xXAsymptomatic or mildly symptomatic from prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXNo treatment with any of the following for prostate cancer within 4 weeks prior to enrollment:Xx_NEWLINE_xXAny contraindication to the combination anti-cancer agent as per local prescribing informationXx_NEWLINE_xXUncontrolled cancer painXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have advance, recurrent or metastatic endometrial cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior exposure to CYP17 (other than ketoconazole) or PARP inhibitors for prostate cancer; patients with prior exposure to ketoconazole are eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXMore than one line of anti-cancer therapy or no treatment at allXx_NEWLINE_xXEvidence that the endometrial cancer is advanced, recurrent, or persistent and has relapsed or is refractory to curative therapy or established treatments.Xx_NEWLINE_xXArm A dose level 4 (75 mg/m^2 cisplatin): patients with histologically proven chemotherapy-naive advanced unresectable solid tumors for which pemetrexed combined with cisplatin is an indicated regimen (malignant mesothelioma, non-small cell lung cancer, ovarian cancer and thymoma)Xx_NEWLINE_xXAs per self report, identifying as an informal caregiver to Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) patients of any site or stage of cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXImmunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors, cell-based therapies, or cancer vaccinesXx_NEWLINE_xXLife-threatening illness unrelated to cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXTreatment naive, defined as less than 2 months of standard of care ADT (e.g. gonadotrophin releasing hormone [GNRH] agonist or antagonist with or without antiandrogen, including abiraterone) for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer prior to enrollment (at time of consent)Xx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior chemotherapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior immunotherapy or chemotherapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXConsented for tissue collection on Mays Cancer Center repository 07-32Xx_NEWLINE_xXCandidate for definitive cancer surgery as determined by treating physicianXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient is not a candidate for definitive cancer surgeryXx_NEWLINE_xXDid not achieve pathological complete response (pCR) to any chemotherapy that was given with the intention to induce best response prior surgery. pCR is defined as the current American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) breast cancer staging.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistologically confirmed diagnosis of prostate cancer; histologic variants of prostate cancer, including neuroendocrine features and small cell carcinoma of the prostate are included; if neuroendocrine prostate cancer is not biopsy proven, clinical evidence of neuroendocrine prostate cancer is acceptable for stratification into group AXx_NEWLINE_xXProstatic intraepithelial neoplasia without evidence of prostate cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHas a pathologically proven recurrent or metastatic non-squamous non-small cell lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXMetastatic prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with pathologically proven non-small cell lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXDifferentiated thyroid cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXUndifferentiated, anaplastic or medullary thyroid cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient is concurrently using other anti-cancer therapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXThe participant must have histological or cytological evidence of cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients on herbs or other alternative medicines for the treatment of prostate cancer, including but not limited to saw palmetto, PC-SPESXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with symptomatic metastatic prostate cancer such as moderate to severe pain, impaired organ function, or spinal cord compression will be excluded from this study unless these issues have been taken care ofXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have chosen radical prostatectomy as their definitive treatment of choice for management of their prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXProgression of metastatic prostate cancer in the setting of castrate levels of testosterone or history of bilateral orchiectomy at study entryXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior immunotherapy/vaccine therapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior use of experimental agents for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with active 2nd malignancies other than myelofibrosis, AML, excised skin cancer, early stage cervical and prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXAny known active cancer other than pancreatic primaryXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior thermal ablative therapy for prostate cancer (e.g. high-intensity focused ultrasound [HIFU] or cryoablation)Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects must be newly diagnosed or suspected to have breast, uterine (endometrial cancer with histologies including endometrioid, serous, clear cell, and carcinosarcoma) or cervical cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistologically or cytologically proven HPVOC or cervical cancer or anal cancer, based on the presence of HPV type16, detected by immunohistochemistry with P16 staining followed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of tumor tissue from the primary or metastatic lesionsXx_NEWLINE_xXWilling to undergo prostatectomy as primary treatment for localized prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHigh risk prostate cancer (per National Comprehensive Cancer Network [NCCN] criteria): Gleason score 8-10 or T3a or PSA > 20 ng/mL or very-high risk prostate cancer (per NCCN criteria): T3b-T4Xx_NEWLINE_xXA diagnosis of dedifferentiated liposarcoma confirmed at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistologic evidence of small cell/neuroendocrine prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of any other active cancer diagnosisXx_NEWLINE_xXMeasurable unresectable cancer expressing CD70 as assessed by immunohistochemistry of resected tissue (>= 2+ CD70 positive on >= 50% of cancer cells, or >= 1+ CD70 positive on >= 75% of cancer cells)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have histopathological confirmation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or biliary tract carcinoma (BTC) by the Laboratory of Pathology of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) prior to entering this study OR histopathological confirmation of carcinoma in the setting of clinical and radiological characteristics which, together with the pathology, are highly suggestive of a diagnosis of HCC (or biliary tract carcinoma); fibrolamellar variant is also allowed; the term BTC includes intra- or extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, gallbladder cancer or ampullary cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of any other cancer other than head and neck cancer (HNC) (except carcinoma in situ of the cervix) within the last 5 years.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have histologic proof of urothelial cancer; this includes bladder cancer, in addition to other tumors of the urothelial lining including renal pelvis, ureteral, and urethral cancer; upper tract urothelial carcinoma will also be included; this group may include any patient requiring cystectomy, including muscle invasive disease (cT2-3aN0M0), whose tumor could not be completely removed at transurethral resectionXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients on herbs or other alternative medicines for the treatment of prostate cancer, including but not limited to saw palmetto, PC-SPESXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with symptomatic metastatic prostate cancer such as moderate to severe pain, impaired organ function or spinal cord compression will be excluded from this study unless these issues have been taken care ofXx_NEWLINE_xXFor LY3300054 + merestinib in pancreatic cancer:Xx_NEWLINE_xXNo previous therapy for pancreatic cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXConfirmation of diagnosis of metastatic cancer by the Laboratory of Pathology at the Montefiore Medical CenterXx_NEWLINE_xXUse of herbal products that may have hormonal anti-prostate cancer activity and/or are known to decrease PSA levels (e.g., saw palmetto) or systemic corticosteroids within 6 months of enrollmentXx_NEWLINE_xXmCRPC EXPANSION COHORT: Patients must have metastatic, progressive, castrate resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXmCRPC EXPANSION COHORT: Documented histopathological confirmation of prostate cancer from a CLIA- certified laboratoryXx_NEWLINE_xXCohort B – Prostate cancer (Gleason 7 or less); must have histological proof of Gleason =< 7 with no evidence of metastatic disease (patient with any degree of extra-prostatic capsule extension are not eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXNot have a prior history of non-bladder cancer unless the cancer is clinically stableXx_NEWLINE_xXAnother cancer that is not clinically stableXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with other active cancers receiving anti-cancer agents, with exceptions being hormonal therapy for breast or prostate cancer and skin cancers treated with local therapies onlyXx_NEWLINE_xXPlatinum sensitive relapsed small cell lung cancer (module 1)Xx_NEWLINE_xXgBRCAm ovarian cancer (modules 3 and 5)Xx_NEWLINE_xXgBRCAm negative ovarian cancer (modules 6 and 7)Xx_NEWLINE_xXOngoing systemic therapy for prostate cancer including, but not limited to:\r\n\t* Immunotherapy (e.g. sipuleucel-T, ipilimumab)\r\n\t* Non-protocol prescribed chemotherapy (e.g. cabazitaxel)Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistologic diagnosis of solid malignant tumor including but not limited to non-small cell lung cancer, breast, prostate, renal cell, melanoma, gastrointestinal, sarcoma, thyroid, head and neck primary, and unknown primary tumorsXx_NEWLINE_xXPathologically confirmed diagnosis of cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXConfirmation of diagnosis by internal pathology review of initial or subsequent biopsy or other pathologic material at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (FHCRC)/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance (SCCA)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPathologically confirmed non-small lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistologically or cytologically confirmed diagnosis of anaplastic thyroid cancer or undifferentiated thyroid cancer; a diagnosis of possible anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC)/undifferentiated thyroid cancer (UTC) will be allowed if the clinical presentation is consistent with anaplastic or undifferentiated thyroid cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with lung cancer with squamous histologyXx_NEWLINE_xXFamily history: one or more close blood relative with ovarian carcinoma at any age or breast cancer age 50 or younger or two relatives with breast, pancreatic or prostate cancer (Gleason 7 or higher) at any age, or patients with Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry; however, patients with previously identified genetic aberrations that are associated with homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) will be eligible even in the absence of family history [e.g. somatic BRCA mutation, Fanconi anemia gene, ATM or RAD51 mutations]Xx_NEWLINE_xXOther known active cancer(s) likely to require treatment in the next two (2) yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXRecurrent or progressive advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer (no small cell component); NOTE: pathology reports documenting the diagnosis of NSCLC are required to be reviewed to confirm outside diagnosisXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of a previous treated cancer except for the following:Xx_NEWLINE_xXlocalized prostate cancer undergoing surveillance or surgery;Xx_NEWLINE_xXDocumented histopathological confirmation of prostate cancer from a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act (CLIA)-certified laboratoryXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have had prior chemotherapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXVery low risk and low risk groups will be confirmed by Oncotype DX prostate cancer test and provided a genomic prostate score (GPS)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior history of treated prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXBiopsy-proven non-hematopoietic malignancy, except for small cell lung cancer, germ cell cancer, or unknown primary tumorXx_NEWLINE_xXAny patient with metastatic esophageal cancer that is deemed a candidate for brachytherapy for local control or treatment of dysphagia as determined by treating physicianXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) grade 3 endometrioid cancer, serous, clear cell, or mixed high grade endometrial cancer with confirmation on research-related endometrial biopsyXx_NEWLINE_xXFIGO grade 1 or 2 endometrioid cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior treatment for endometrial cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior history of keratoacanthoma (well differentiated squamous cell skin cancer variant, often centrally ulcerated); history of basal cell cancer is allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient has histologically confirmed (1) colorectal cancer, triple negative breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, head and neck cancer, ovarian cancer, lymphoma, sarcoma, bladder cancer, or melanoma with defects in one or more of the following genes: ABL2, ACVR1B, APC, ASXL1, ATM, ATR, BLM, BRCA1, BRCA2, CDK12, CDKN1A, CDKN1B, CDKN2A, CHD4, CYLD, DICER1, DNMT3A, ERBB3, EZH2, FGFR2, FLT3, GATA3, HGF, KDM6A, KDR, KEAP1, KIT, KMT2D, KRAS, MAGI2, MAP3K1, MED12, MET, MSH-2, MSH-6, MYC, NA, NF1, NF2, NOTCH1, NOTCH2, NRAS, NSD1, PIK3C2B, PIK3CA, PIK3CB, PIK3R1, PTCH1, PTPN11, RB1, RUNX1, SETD2, SMARCA4, SOX9, STAG2, TAF1, TBX3, TET2, TP53, XPO1; (2) documented IDH1 mutated solid tumor (other than glioma); or (3) documented IDH1 mutated or MGMT promoter methylation positive glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) or anaplastic astrocytoma. Note: Genetic abnormalities must be documented by Foundation Medicine (or equivalent) genomic profile report.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistological or cytological evidence of metastatic prostate cancer with progression defined in PCWG3; Scher HI 2015 and intolerance of standard chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXConcomitant use of any anti-cancer therapy or immune modifier.Xx_NEWLINE_xXCervical esophageal cancer will not be entered in this studyXx_NEWLINE_xXCo-administration of anti-cancer therapies other than those administered in this studyXx_NEWLINE_xXHave histologically confirmed microsatellite stable metastatic colorectal cancer and have received at least one line of treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer including fluoropyrimidines, oxaliplatin and/or irinotecanXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who had excisional biopsy for diagnosis of their cancer (i.e., instead of a core biopsy)Xx_NEWLINE_xXFor Dose escalation: subjects with cervical, ovarian, bladder and colorectal cancer (CRC), head and neck, gastric and hepatocellular cancer naive to immuno-oncology agents; 1st line melanoma and 1st line/2nd line NSCLC; Renal Cell Carcinoma naive to IO; NSCLC progressing while on or after therapy with anti-PD1/anti-PDL-1 and melanoma subjects progressed while-on or after treatment with anti-PD1 or anti-PDL1 with or without anti-CTLA-4.Xx_NEWLINE_xXComplete preoperative colonoscopy demonstrating no synchronous colon cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior history of colorectal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with recurrent endometrial cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXSmall cell or other variant (non-adenocarcinoma) prostate cancer histology, unless there is evidence that the tumor expresses PAPXx_NEWLINE_xXARM B COHORT 2: Patients with head and neck cancer must not have radiologic evidence of major arterial involvementXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects with histologically confirmed SCLC, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, and neuroendocrine cancers will be eligible; pathological confirmation of diagnosis will be done at National Cancer Institute (NCI) Laboratory of Pathology; patients with other histologies will be allowed if no standard treatment options existXx_NEWLINE_xXHistological confirmation of SCLC or extrapulmonary small cell cancer, to be performed by the NCI Laboratory of PathologyXx_NEWLINE_xXPHASE II STUDY NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER (COHORT 2; MEDI+O AND MEDI+C) AND SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER (COHORT 3; MEDI+O ONLY) ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA:\r\nConcurrent enrollment in another clinical study, unless it is an observational non-interventional clinical study or the follow-up of an interventional study; any concurrent chemotherapy, immunotherapy, biologic or hormonal therapy for cancer treatment; concurrent use of hormones for non-cancer-related conditions (e.g., insulin for diabetes and hormone replacement therapy) is acceptable; NOTE: Local treatment of isolated lesions for palliative intent is acceptable (e.g., by local surgery or radiotherapy)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPHASE II STUDY METASTATIC CASTRATE-RESISTANT PROSTATE CANCER COHORT 4 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA (MEDI+O ONLY):\r\nMust have metastatic, progressive, castrate resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPHASE II STUDY METASTATIC CASTRATE-RESISTANT PROSTATE CANCER COHORT 4 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA (MEDI+O ONLY):\r\nHistopathological confirmation of prostate cancer by the Laboratory of Pathology of the NCI or Pathology Department of the Walter Reed National Military Medical Center is required prior to entering this study; patients whose pathology specimens are no longer available may be enrolled if the patient has a clinical course that is consistent with prostate cancer and available documentation from an outside pathology laboratory of the diagnosis; all efforts should be made to have the material forwarded to the research team for use in correlative studies in cases where original tissue blocks or archival biopsy material is availableXx_NEWLINE_xXPHASE II COLORECTAL CANCER COHORT 6 (MEDI+C ONLY):\r\nHistologically or cytologically confirmed advanced colorectal cancer; patients must have progressed on, been intolerant of or refused prior oxaliplatin- and irinotecan-containing chemotherapeutic regimen, and have disease that is not amenable to potentially curative resection; patients who have a known KRAS (or NRAS or BRAF) wild type tumor must have progressed, been intolerant of or refused cetuximab or panitumumab-based chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPHASE II COLORECTAL CANCER COHORT 6 (MEDI+C ONLY):\r\nECOG performance status =< 2Xx_NEWLINE_xXPHASE II COLORECTAL CANCER COHORT 6 (MEDI+C ONLY):\r\nPlatelets >= 100,000/mcLXx_NEWLINE_xXPHASE II COLORECTAL CANCER COHORT 6 (MEDI+C ONLY):\r\nPatients who were previously treated with cediranibXx_NEWLINE_xXPHASE II COLORECTAL CANCER COHORT 6 (MEDI+C ONLY):\r\nPregnant and breastfeeding women are excluded from this studyXx_NEWLINE_xXPHASE II COLORECTAL CANCER COHORT 6 (MEDI+C ONLY):\r\nHBV-or HCV-positive patients are ineligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects with ovarian and endometrial cancer (endometrial cancer only in the expansion cohort) with:Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious radical surgery (prostatectomy) or cryosurgery for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects with a diagnosis of recurrent head and neck cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHave a pathological diagnosis of prostate carcinomaXx_NEWLINE_xXHave received any type of cancer immunotherapy including the same pancreatic cancer vaccineXx_NEWLINE_xXProstate cancer with significant sarcomatoid or spindle cell or neuroendocrine small cell componentsXx_NEWLINE_xXGross residual disease in the prostate fossa appreciated wither on digital rectal examination (DRE) or on imaging, unless biopsy proven not to contain cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPathologically confirmed non-small lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with uncontrolled diseases other than cancer will be excludedXx_NEWLINE_xXCohort 2A: Differentiated Thyroid Cancer (DTC) with one of the following histological subtypes: i) Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). i.a) Follicular variant. i.b) Other variants (including but not limited to tall cell, columnar cell, cribriform-morular, solid, oxyphil, Warthin's-like, trabecular, tumor with nodular fasciitis-like stroma, Hurthle cell variant of papillary carcinoma, or poorly differentiated carcinomas). ii) Follicular thyroid cancer (FTC). ii.a) Hurthle cell. ii.b) Clear cell. ii.c) Insular. c) Cohort 2B, 3A, and 3B: Relapsed or refractory osteosarcoma.Xx_NEWLINE_xXNon-small cell lung cancer of squamous histologyXx_NEWLINE_xXAsymptomatic or minimally symptomatic (not requiring opioids for cancer related pain) metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) patients on abiraterone as standard of care and achieved at least 50% decline of their pre-treatment PSAXx_NEWLINE_xXPROCUREMENT: Diagnosis of a cancer for which the presence of a high risk HPV type has been documented in a biopsy sample (results may be pending at this time)Xx_NEWLINE_xXTREATMENT: Diagnosis of a cancer for which the presence of a high risk HPV type has been documented in a biopsy sampleXx_NEWLINE_xXIncurable, advanced or metastatic/recurrent non-small cell lung cancer with EGFR activating mutations (exon 19 del, exon 21 L858R, L861Q, G718X); who have radiologic and/or clinically progressive disease on erlotinib at any point during the patient's cancer treatment as determined by the InvestigatorXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of radical prostatectomy, external beam radiotherapy (EBRT), or BT for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior cabazitaxel or radium 233 for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious treatment for pancreatic cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistologic or cytologic diagnosis of adenocarcinoma non-small cell lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have histologic or cytologic proof of a non-hematologic malignancy confirmed by Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) pathologic reviewXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have a diagnosis of neuroblastoma (International Classification of Disease for Oncology [ICD-O] morphology 9500/3) confirmed by Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) pathologic reviewXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent use of other anti-cancer agents or experimental treatmentsXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must NOT receive other anti-cancer agents while on studyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient willing and able to complete the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) questionnaire (baseline, 6, 12 and 24 months post end of radiation therapy)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious radical surgery (prostatectomy), cryosurgery, or high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious or concurrent cytotoxic chemotherapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXLymphovascular invasion (LVI) on TORS resection of the primary cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXFailure to confirm diagnosis of cancer in participantXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with stage III/IV per tumor/nodes/metastasis (TNM) guidelines for head and neck sites (American Joint Committee on Cancer [AJCC] 7th Edition), locally advanced, biopsy proven squamous cell cancer of the head and neck that undergo chemoradiation as their primary treatment with curative intent; patients with oropharynx (human papillomavirus [HPV] positive and HPV negative), hypopharynx, larynx primaries, nasopharynx as well as those with documented squamous cell cancer (SCC) of the cervical lymph nodes, with unknown primaries, are eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXFor castration-only Cohort C, patients must have developed castrate resistant prostate cancer after progressing on first line hormone therapy with either surgical castration or LHRH agonist or LHRH agonist plus an anti-androgenXx_NEWLINE_xXPain due to metastatic prostate cancer requiring opioid analgesicsXx_NEWLINE_xXRequires urinary catheterization for voiding due to obstruction secondary to prostatic enlargement thought to be due to prostate cancer or benign prostatic hyperplasiaXx_NEWLINE_xXConcomitant treatment with agents thought to have endocrine effects on prostate cancer: PC-SPES, saw palmettoXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious radical surgery (prostatectomy) or cryosurgery for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior pharmacologic androgen ablation for prostate cancer is allowed only if the onset of androgen ablation is =< 60 days prior to the date of registrationXx_NEWLINE_xXCancer antigen (CA) 19-9 level (to establish baseline)Xx_NEWLINE_xXActive life-threatening cancer requiring treatment other than ALLXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious prostatectomy, cryosurgery, or high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXThe presence of a concurrent non-appendiceal metastatic cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with primary ampullary, biliary or duodenal cancer would be excludedXx_NEWLINE_xXHave a prior histologic diagnosis of cancer other than small cell lung cancer, lymphoma, and germ cell histologiesXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior decitabine for the treatment of cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior radical prostate surgery, transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), or prostate cryotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXHistological or cytological documentation of recurrent head and neck cancer requiring regional therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXBiopsy proven prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent use of other anti-cancer agents or treatmentsXx_NEWLINE_xXHistologic or cytologic confirmation of lung cancer (squamous, ras-mutated adenocarcinoma or small cell lung cancer)Xx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent use of other anti-cancer agents or experimental treatmentsXx_NEWLINE_xXUterine cancer participants will be International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IIIC and may have endometrioid cancer, clear cell cancer, uterine papillary serous cancer, carcinosarcoma, or endometrial stromal sarcomaXx_NEWLINE_xXEvidence of extra-abdominal cancer dissemination or hematogenous cancer disseminationXx_NEWLINE_xXPotentially resectable or unresectable esophageal cancer patientsXx_NEWLINE_xXAny patient deemed eligible for chemoradiation for esophageal cancer treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have adequate transoral exposure of the oral cavity and laryngopharynx for TORS instrumentation; for the non-surgical arm: Patients planned to receive non-surgical treatment (e.g., chemo and/or radiation); the 7 surgical (TORS) arms include: tonsil cancer: T1, tonsil cancer: T2, base of tongue cancer: T1, base of tongue cancer: T2, supraglottic cancer, unknown primary cancer, and other tumors; the 3 non-surgical arms are: tonsil cancer, base of tongue cancer, and supraglottic/hypopharyngeal/other cancersXx_NEWLINE_xXOther concomitant anti-cancer therapy except corticosteroidsXx_NEWLINE_xXRadiographic evidence of metastatic disease based on Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1 criteria OR by prostate cancer-specific positron emission tomography (PET) imaging; evaluable non-target lesions and/or bone only metastasis are permitted per RECIST 1.1 and Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Working Group (PCWG3) guidelines; non-target, pathological lymph nodes >= 10 mm and less than 15 mm in the short axis are permittedXx_NEWLINE_xXPreviously treated with ketoconazole for prostate cancer for greater than 7 daysXx_NEWLINE_xXDocumented evidence of metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).Xx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior transurethral resection of the prostate or prior transurethral microwave thermotherapy of the prostateXx_NEWLINE_xXPart 1b: Subjects with endometrial cancer, gastric cancer, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma, microsatellite unstable colorectal cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, triple negative breast cancer, or transitional cell carcinoma of the genitourinary tract that have had disease progression after available therapies for metastatic disease that are known to confer clinical benefit, been intolerant to treatment, or refused standard treatment.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHave other active malignancies or diagnosed with other malignancies within the last 6 months, except nonmelanoma skin cancer or cervical intraepithelial neoplasiaXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of recurrent and/or metastatic thyroid cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects with comorbidities that would limit their two year survival for reasons other than ovarian cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXAge >= 70 years AND/OR Charlson comorbidity index score >= 2 (prostate cancer diagnosis does not contribute to total score)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior radical surgery (prostatectomy), high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) or cryosurgery for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXUse of 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (finasteride, dutasteride) specifically prescribed for the treatment of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXRadiographic evidence of pancreatic cancer recurrenceXx_NEWLINE_xXPresence of active 2nd malignancy requiring treatment; 2nd malignancies with low activity which do not require treatment (i.e. low grade prostate cancer, basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer) do not constitute exclusionsXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious prostate cancer surgery to include: prostatectomy, hyperthermia and cryosurgeryXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious pelvic radiation for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior prostatectomy or cryotherapy of the prostateXx_NEWLINE_xXAny patient with clinically localized, histologically proven adenocarcinoma of prostate who has not received any treatment for prostate cancer ever and has chosen active surveillance; treatment for prostate cancer is defined as prostatectomy, androgen deprivation, brachytherapy or a full course of external beam irradiationXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior or current therapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPathologically proven diagnosis of small cell lung cancer (SCLC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistologic confirmation of cancer will be required by biopsy, prior surgery, and re-biopsy at the discretion of the treating physicianXx_NEWLINE_xXThe patient has decided to undergo external beam radiation as treatment choice for his prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXRadical surgery for carcinoma of the prostateXx_NEWLINE_xXStatus post definitive local therapy (radical prostatectomy) for pathological proven prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXAsymptomatic patients with non-metastatic, biochemical progression of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent use of other anti-cancer agents or treatments.Xx_NEWLINE_xXThe cancer must be unresectableXx_NEWLINE_xXThe cancer must be unresectableXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious or concurrent cancer exceptXx_NEWLINE_xXCuratively treated incidental prostate cancer (T1/T2a)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must be refractory to, or intolerant of, existing therapies known to provide clinical benefit for their condition (i.e., cancer diagnosis).Xx_NEWLINE_xXSynchronous cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior treatment for rectal cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients diagnosed with another lung cancer subtypeXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received prior EGFR treatments for lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXLife-threatening illness unrelated to cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPresence or history of a malignant disease other than the study related cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistological evidence of oral intra-epithelial neoplasia within 12 months prior to enrollment; subjects with a history or clinical diagnosis suggestive of oral intra-epithelial neoplasia, or patients with a history of invasive oral cancer are eligible, but must have a confirmed histological diagnosis of oral intra-epithelial neoplasia before randomization; histological evidence of oral intraepithelial neoplasia on an invasive oral cancer resection specimen is acceptable; a visible, measurable, clinical lesion (such as leukoplakia and/or erythroplakia) is not required; only individuals with high risk profiles will be considered eligible for randomization; high risk profiles are defined as patients without a prior oral cancer and have loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at 3p14 and/or 9p21 plus at least at one additional chromosomal site (4q,8p,11p,13q, or 17p) or patients with a prior oral cancer history and have LOH at 3p14 and/or 9p21; all high risk patients must also meet the additional eligibility criteriaXx_NEWLINE_xXmCRPC that has progressed on at least 1 therapy progression (defined as Prostate Cancer Working Group 2 [PCWG2] or at investigators’ discretion) approved for treatment of mCRPC, one of which must include abiraterone acetate and/or enzalutamideXx_NEWLINE_xXPart 1: advanced stage solid tumors; Part 2: non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), pancreatic cancer and cutaneous melanomaXx_NEWLINE_xXInclusion Criteria:\n\n        Caregivers\n\n          -  Mothers and fathers (biologic/adoptive/step parents/legal guardians) of pediatric\n             cancer survivors\n\n          -  18 years or older\n\n          -  Fluent in English\n\n        Pediatric Cancer Survivors\n\n          -  Diagnosis of cancer\n\n          -  between 5-17 years of age at study entry\n\n          -  off active cancer treatment for 6 months to 4 years, or in the maintenance phase of\n             treatment\n\n          -  reside with a participating caregiver\n\n          -  able to engage in PA tailored to current medical status\n\n          -  NOT taking medications that affect body weight, e.g., steroids within 6 months of\n             enrollment\n\n          -  at or above the 85th BMI %ile.\n\n        Exclusion Criteria:\n\n        Caregivers\n\n          -  are non-ambulatory\n\n          -  do not reside with the PCS at least 50% of the time.\n\n        Pediatric cancer survivor\n\n          -  relapse during the intervention\n\n          -  taken a medication known to affect body weight such as oral steroids or antipsychotic\n             medications within 6 months of enrollmentXx_NEWLINE_xXAdvanced prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious or current hormonal management of prostate cancer (unless terminated at least 12 months prior to trial)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with a history of any other cancer, unless in complete remission, and off all therapy for that disease for a minimum of 5 yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXIn Stage 1, recurrent or metastatic PR-expressing cancer that has the potential to benefit from an anti-progestin treatment including but not limited to endometrial cancer, ovarian, or breast cancer or uterine sarcoma. In Stage 2, recurrent or metastatic PR-expression uterine endometrioid adenocarcinoma that is determined to be APRpos.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with medullary thyroid cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPreviously treated with at least one prior irinotecan-containing regimen for colorectal cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatient must have diagnosis of lung cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, esophageal cancer, or head and neck cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXOperable cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXCancer of pancreas, colon or rectumXx_NEWLINE_xXFailed available therapies (pancreatic cancer may be treated without previous therapies)Xx_NEWLINE_xXLung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXRenal cell cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHead and neck cancer - squamous cellXx_NEWLINE_xXProstate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXColorectal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXSurgically unresectable rectal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXDukes C colon cancer, high risk Dukes B colon cancer, Dukes B rectal cancer or Dukes C rectal cancer (see Appendix 1 for definition of High Risk Dukes B)Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects with (newly diagnosed or recurrent) metastatic cancer for whom surgery, radiation, or radiosurgery has not been advised by the treating physician.Xx_NEWLINE_xXCurrently benefiting from the treatment with ruxolitinib alone, ruxolitinib plus background cancer therapy, or background cancer therapy alone, as determined by the investigator.Xx_NEWLINE_xXAble to access ruxolitinib and/or background cancer therapy outside of the clinical study.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have known additional malignancies other than UBC within 2 years before initiation of study treatment; exceptions include malignancies with a negligible risk of metastasis or death and treated with expected curative outcome (e.g., non–melanomatous skin cancers), or localized prostate cancer treated with curative intent and absence of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) relapse or incidental prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with PRIMARY HEPATIC CANCER must have an undetectable viral load for Hepatitis B and C.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with Primary Hepatic Cancer have not recently been treated with antivirals.Xx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent active malignancy with expected survival of less than 1 year. For example, candidates with treated skin cancers, prostate cancer, breast cancer, etc. without metastatic disease are candidates for therapy since their expected survival exceeds that of relapsed or refractory AML. All subjects with concurrent malignancies will be reviewed by the principal investigator (PI) prior to enrollment.Xx_NEWLINE_xXAbsence of concomitant upper tract urothelial carcinoma (i.e. cancer within the kidney or ureter) as evidenced on computed tomography (CT) urogram and no visible lesion and/or biopsy proven evidence of urothelial carcinoma within the prostatic urethra (i.e. biopsy proven presence of cancer within the prostatic urethra)Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of other cancer within 3 yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with pain attributable to their prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXAny previous antitumor therapies for the current cancer eventXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious or concomitant systemic anti cancer therapies used for the treatment of cancer in the last 3 years.Xx_NEWLINE_xXIntermediate risk based on National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPreviously treated with at least one prior irinotecan-containing regimen for colorectal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with pathologically?confirmed N1 prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXMale having a diagnosis of clinically-significant prostate cancer (CsPCa) made within the past 12 months (Gleason 7-9) with no evidence of metastatic disease; all outside pathology will be re-reviewed at University of Southern California (USC) to verify diagnosisXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients may not be receiving any other investigational agents or have received any definitive prostate cancer (PCa)-specific treatment (en-bloc resection of bladder tumors [EBRT], Brachytherapy etc) priorXx_NEWLINE_xXConfirmed diagnosis of differentiated thyroid cancer (follicular or papillary thyroid cancer and their variants)Xx_NEWLINE_xXHave progressive advanced prostate cancer based on at least one of the following criteria:\r\n* Gleason score of ? 7\r\n* Any PSA\r\n* TNM clinical stage T3-T4, N1Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistological diagnosis of recurrent or metastatic cervical, vaginal, or vulvar cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXResectable pancreatic cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXMen with metastatic, castration resistant prostate cancer involving the bone, which is symptomatic or asymptomaticXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent use of other anti-cancer agents or experimental treatmentsXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients taking herbal or other alternative medicines for the treatment of prostate cancer, including but not limited to saw palmetto, prostate cancer (PC)-SPESXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with symptomatic metastatic prostate cancer experiencing moderate to severe pain, impaired organ function or spinal cord compression will be excluded from this study unless these issues have been addressedXx_NEWLINE_xXRecurrent non-small cell lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXAfter the T cell infusion, patients may not be on any other treatments for their cancer aside from those included in the treatment section of the protocolXx_NEWLINE_xXIndication for radical cystectomy for urothelial cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXAny prior systemic treatment for metastatic colorectal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXRecurrent and/or metastatic Kras wildtype colorectal cancer or squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neckXx_NEWLINE_xXNo definitive resection of pancreatic cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXUncontrolled cancer painXx_NEWLINE_xXNo more than two (2) prior anti-cancer therapies for aBCXx_NEWLINE_xXMetastatic or inoperable urothelial cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXAny curable cancer with a complete response (CR) of > 2 years duration.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior treatment for prostate cancer; this includes any prior surgery (including transurethral resection of the prostate [TURP]), chemotherapy, radiation, or anti-androgen therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXSecondary Treatment (eg, adjuvant systemic chemotherapy for bladder cancer) following surgical removal of bladder cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXAny antineoplastic therapy for this cancer before randomizationXx_NEWLINE_xXSynchronous colon cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with deleterious BRCA 1/2 mutated ovarian cancer are not eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXFor patients with oropharyngeal cancer only: p16 negative, confirmed by central pathology reviewXx_NEWLINE_xXTREATMENT: Patients with ovarian cancer and breast cancer gene (BRCA) mutations must have received specific poly(adenosine diphosphate [ADP]-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor therapy; if these patients have other mutations of interest, they will be eligible to receive agents based on that mutationXx_NEWLINE_xXHistological or cytological confirmed squamous or non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with measurable inoperable, histologically confirmed non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), small cell lung cancer (SCLC), esophageal carcinoma, thymic epithelial neoplasms, germ cell tumors, malignant pleural mesotheliomas or chest wall sarcomas, as well as patients with gastric, colorectal, pancreas or renal cancers, germ cell tumors and sarcomas metastatic to thorax are eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXCohort 2 (MTD) only: weight loss of > 5% at any point after a cancer diagnosis or within 3 months prior to this cancer diagnosis; Note: no documentation from the medical record is necessaryXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have histologically or cytologically confirmed ovarian cancer, peritoneal cancer or fallopian tube cancer and must have a histological diagnosis of either serous or endometrioid cancer based on local histopathological findings; both endometrioid and serous histology should be high-grade for eligibility of non-mutation carriers; patients with clear cell, mixed epithelial, undifferentiated carcinoma, or transitional cell carcinoma histologies are also eligible, provided that the patient has a known deleterious germline BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation identified through testing at a clinical laboratory\r\n* Note: Due to the long acceptance of BRCA testing through Myriad, Myriad testing will be accepted; if testing for BRCA is done by other organizations, documentation from a qualified medical professional (e.g., ovarian cancer specialty physician involved in the field, high risk genetics physician, genetics counselor) listing the mutation and confirming that the laboratory results showed a recognized germ line deleterious BRCA 1 or BRCA 2 mutation or BRCA rearrangement is required; a copy of Myriad or other BRCA mutational analysis (positive or variants of unknown significance [VUS] or negative) reports will be requested but not required for study enrollmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must not have extrahepatic cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with colorectal cancer should have failed at least one oxaliplatin-containing regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXConcomitant therapy with any anti-cancer agents, other investigational anti-cancer therapies, or immunosuppressive agents including but not limited to methotrexate, chloroquine, azathioprine, etc. within six months of study participationXx_NEWLINE_xXFor ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal cancers only: platinum-resistant, defined as =< 183 days from the date of the most recent dose of chemotherapy containing either carboplatin or cisplatin until the first evidence of cancer recurrence or progression either symptoms directly attributable to cancer, radiographic recurrence of cancer, or cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) > 70, confirmed >= 7 days later (confirmation of elevated CA-125 may be beyond 183 days and still count as platinum-resistant)Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistologic confirmation of non small cell lung cancer or other solid primary tumor metastatic to lungsXx_NEWLINE_xXMedically inoperable stage I or II non small cell lung cancer with negative lymph nodes or metastatic cancer to lung with less than or equal to 3 lesionsXx_NEWLINE_xXPathology consistent with majority of specimen having small cell carcinoma of the prostate (prostate cancer with other neuroendocrine features is acceptable)Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects with advanced colorectal, gastric, hepatic or pancreatic cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXAsymptomatic or minimally symptomatic metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXProstate cancer pain requiring regularly scheduled narcoticsXx_NEWLINE_xXRenal cell cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistological confirmation of, or cytology reported and confirmed, anaplastic thyroid cancer in thyroid mass and/or regional lymph nodes\r\n* NOTE: A diagnosis reported as “poorly differentiated carcinoma consistent with anaplastic thyroid cancer” will be acceptedXx_NEWLINE_xXPathologically (histologically) proven diagnosis of primary carcinoma of the bladder (transitional cell cancer) within 8 weeks of registration; operable patients whose tumors are primary carcinomas of the bladder and exhibit histologic evidence of muscularis propria invasion and are American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) clinical stages T2-T4a, Nx or N0, M0Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects with untreated organ confined prostate cancer (clinical stage =< T2b, Gleason =< 3 + 4 with no more than a 50% component of Gleason 4)Xx_NEWLINE_xXProstate cysts or prostate calcifications > 1 cm on ultrasoundXx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior treatment for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXProstate cancer clinical stage T2a and belowXx_NEWLINE_xXAny head and neck cancer of non-squamous histologyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious pelvic radiation for bladder or prostate cancer if performed < 12 months prior to enrollment into the studyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with prostate cancer can continue to receive treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists while on study, as long as there is evidence of disease progression on therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic anti-cancer therapy for pancreatic cancer; note that prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is allowableXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with other active malignancies (besides AML, ALL, MDS) requiring treatment or where there is concern of progression are ineligible for this study; however, patients with previously treated skin cancer, early stage cervical or prostate cancer may be eligible if there is no evidence of residual diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis: Patients must have histologically confirmed medullary thyroid cancer by the Laboratory of Pathology or a pathology report and history consistent with medullary thyroid cancer; it is not uncommon for a secondary, minor pathologic focus of another form of thyroid cancer to be coincidentally found in 15-20% of patients with medullary thyroid cancer; in such cases, eligibility is based on the discretion of the investigatorXx_NEWLINE_xXNo concomitant anti-cancer therapy unless specified aboveXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have had any prior therapy for pancreatic cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with a history of cancer other than skin cancer within 5 years of the initiation of protocol treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior history of lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPathologically proven diagnosis of endometrial or cervical cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with prior chemotherapy given for castrate-resistant prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXMorphologic confirmation of a diagnosis of AML or ALL at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPathologically (histologically or cytologically) proven diagnosis of anaplastic thyroid cancer (a diagnosis that is noted to be “consistent with anaplastic thyroid cancer” with the presence of a thyroid mass is acceptable)\r\n* Note: tissue collection for central review is mandatory, but central review is not required for eligibility; treatment will be started prior to central reviewXx_NEWLINE_xXKnown active invasive malignancy (except for non-melanomatous skin cancer or anaplastic thyroid cancer; the presence of prostate cancer confined to the prostate with a prostate-specific antigen [PSA] =< 1 ng/mL for more than 6 months also is allowed)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with synchronous primary endometrial cancer or a past history of endometrial cancer, unless all of the following conditions are met:\r\n* Stage not greater than IB\r\n* No more than superficial myometrial invasion\r\n* No vascular or lymphatic invasion\r\n* No poorly differentiated subtypes, including papillary serous, clear cell, or other International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) grade 3 lesionsXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who are to be given HDR brachytherapy for treatment of solid tumor of the following:\r\n* Gynecologic (primary cervix and recurrent cervix/uterine cancer)\r\n* Prostate (locally advanced/recurrent cancer)Xx_NEWLINE_xXParticipants with synchronous primary endometrial cancer, or a past history of endometrial cancer unless all of the following conditions are met: endometrial cancer stage not greater than IA, no vascular or lymphatic invasion, no poorly differentiated subtypes including serous, clear cell, or other FIGO grade 3 lesions.Xx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of clear cell or low grade ovarian cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXCurrent systemic therapy for bladder cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with synchronous primary endometrial cancer, or a past history of primary endometrial cancer, are excluded, unless all of the following conditions are met: stage not greater than I-B; no more than superficial myometrial invasion, without vascular or lymphatic invasion; no poorly differentiated subtypes, including papillary serous, clear cell or other International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) grade 3 lesionsXx_NEWLINE_xXDisease progression according to Prostate Cancer Working Group 2 (PCWG2) criteria during or following treatment with an androgen pathway inhibitor (that is, enzalutamide, abiraterone) for metastatic CRPCXx_NEWLINE_xXNonmelanomatous skin cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXConfirmed squamous cell head and neck cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of non-small cell lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXFor Cohort C: Has a history of prostate cancer progression on ketoconazoleXx_NEWLINE_xXSquamous cell or undifferentiated gastric cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects with histologically confirmed melanoma, NSCLC, transitional cell carcinoma of the GU tract, TNBC, SCCHN, ovarian cancer, MSI high colorectal cancer (CRC), RCC, gastric cancer, HCC and DLBCL (Phase 2).Xx_NEWLINE_xXPhase 2 expansion: Gastric CancerXx_NEWLINE_xXTumor biopsies are required. If a subject has inaccessible lesions, such as in ovarian cancer, HCC, or gastric cancer, or highly vascular lesions, such as RCC, enrollment may be considered with medical monitor approval, and archived tissue may be acceptable.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior BRCA-associated cancer as long as there is no current evidence of the cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXA cancer diagnosed and definitively treated ? 5 years before randomization with no subsequent evidence of recurrenceXx_NEWLINE_xXA history of prostate cancer that was identified incidentally following cystoprostatectomy for bladder cancer is acceptable, provided that the following criteria are met: Stage T2N0M0 or lower; Gleason score ?6; Prostate-specific Antigen (PSA) level undetectable.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of other cancer within 3 years.Xx_NEWLINE_xXGastric CancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPancreatic CancerXx_NEWLINE_xXSmall Cell Lung CancerXx_NEWLINE_xXSerious illness other than cancer that would preclude safe participation in the study.Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubject is diagnosed with colorectal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPancreatic CancerXx_NEWLINE_xXNon-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC):Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with a histologically confirmed diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including neuroendocrine tumors or small cell lung cancer (SCLC) who are being evaluated for palliative WBRT (with or without neurosurgical resection or stereotactic radiosurgery [SRS]) for radiologically or histologically diagnosed brain metastases presumed to be from the lung cancer are eligible for this Phase I study; group 2 will only include NSCLC patientsXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent therapy given to treat cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXProstate cancer initially treated by radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy (including brachytherapy) or both, with curative intent;Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior cytotoxic chemotherapy, aminoglutethimide, ketoconazole, abiraterone acetate, or enzalutamide for prostate cancer;Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have appropriate staging studies identifying them as American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage II or III non small cell lung cancer, (according to AJCC staging, 6th edition), or recurrent non small cell lung cancer; histologic confirmation of cancer will be required by biopsy or cytology within 9 months of study entryXx_NEWLINE_xXPathologically confirmed diagnosis of a recurrent or a new primary head and neck cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXAdequate recovery from most recent systemic or local treatment for cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPhase 2: Subjects with advanced or metastatic endometrial cancer, gastric cancer (including stomach, esophageal, and GEJ), and SCCHN.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistologically or cytologically confirmed carcinoma (prostate cancer, renal cell carcinoma, head and neck cancer, triple-negative breast cancer, bladder cancer, non-small cell lung cancer) or melanoma that overexpresses B7-H3.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior definitive treatment of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXIncidental histologic finding of prostate cancer (T1a or T1b using the TNM [tumor, nodes, metastasis] clinical staging system) or prostate cancer that is curativeXx_NEWLINE_xXAn incidental focus of medullary thyroid cancer (MTC), DTC, and/or poorly differentiated thyroid cancer in a participant with ATC is allowed.Xx_NEWLINE_xXMust have documented progressive disease by meeting at least one of the Prostate Cancer Working Group 2 CriteriaXx_NEWLINE_xXHave discontinued previous treatments for cancer;Xx_NEWLINE_xXAdvanced non-small cell lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXThe patient has decided to undergo external beam radiation as treatment choice for his prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXRadical surgery for carcinoma of the prostateXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious chemotherapy unless intervention was greater than 5 years from beginning treatment for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXWithout a history of a cancer diagnosisXx_NEWLINE_xXWithout history of cancer diagnosis using chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of squamous or undifferentiated gastric cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXCastration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) with castrate level of serum testosterone.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy or immunotherapy for prostate cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXInclusion Criteria:\n\n        Part A Escalation Cohorts:\n\n        o Histologically or cytologically confirmed advanced malignant solid tumor, limited to\n        melanoma, castrate resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), ovarian cancer (OVCA), renal cell\n        carcinoma, colorectal carcinoma (CRC), pancreatic carcinoma or non-small cell lung\n        carcinoma (NSCLC) that is refractory to, intolerant of, for which no standard of therapy is\n        available or where the patient refuses existing therapies\n\n        Part A Expansion Cohorts, Part B and C Escalation and Expansion Cohorts:\n\n          -  Tumors with all histological diagnosis or tissue origin may be enrolled\n\n          -  Patients must have failed prior standard curative chemotherapy for their disease,\n             refuse existing therapies OR the proposed chemotherapy regimen to which AM0010 is\n             added represents an acceptable standard treatment for their disease.\n\n               -  Measurable or evaluable disease according to irRC or bone metastatic disease\n                  evaluable by Prostate Cancer Working Group 2 criteria (PCWG2) for\n                  castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC)\n\n               -  At least 18 years of age\n\n               -  Performance Status of 0 or 1\n\n               -  Adequate organ function\n\n        Exclusion Criteria:\n\n          -  Hematologic malignancies\n\n          -  Pregnant or lactating\n\n          -  Present or history of neurological disorders such as Multiple Sclerosis and Guillain\n             Barre or inflammatory central nervous system/peripheral nervous system (CNS/PNS)\n             disorders\n\n          -  Myocardial infarction within the last 6 months\n\n          -  Unstable angina, or unstable cardiac arrhythmia requiring medication\n\n          -  Surgery within the last 28 days\n\n          -  Systemic fungal, bacterial, viral, or other infection\n\n          -  History of bleeding diathesis within the last 6 months\n\n          -  Positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C, or hepatitis BXx_NEWLINE_xXAsymptomatic prostate cancer;Xx_NEWLINE_xXNo other active malignancy requiring therapy such as radiation, chemotherapy, or immunotherapy; exceptions to this are as follows: localized non-melanotic skin cancer and any cancer that in the judgment of the investigator has been treated with curative intent and will not interfere with the study treatment plan and response assessmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPart B: First-Line Colorectal CancerXx_NEWLINE_xXInclusion Criteria:\n\n          -  Male or female patients, >18 years of age, able to understand and give written\n             informed consent.\n\n          -  Histologically or cytologically confirmed epithelial cancer of one of the following\n             types:\n\n          -  Colorectal\n\n          -  Gastric adenocarcinoma\n\n          -  Esophageal cancer\n\n          -  Hepatocellular carcinoma\n\n          -  Non-small cell lung cancer\n\n          -  Small cell lung cancer\n\n          -  Ovarian epithelial cancer\n\n          -  Cervical Cancer\n\n          -  Endometrial Cancer\n\n          -  Breast cancer\n\n          -  Hormone-refractory prostate cancer\n\n          -  Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma\n\n          -  Head and neck cancers- squamous cell\n\n          -  Renal cell cancer (clear cell)\n\n          -  Urothelial cancers\n\n          -  Glioblastoma multiforme\n\n          -  Follicular thyroid cancer\n\n        (Note: Confirmation of Trop-2 expression by immunohistology or other means is not required,\n        but the Sponsor will request tissue specimens from archived materials for determination of\n        Trop-2 expression.)\n\n          -  Stage IV (metastatic) disease.\n\n          -  Refractory to or relapsed after at least one prior standard therapeutic regimen\n             (Appendix 1 lists approved or standard chemotherapeutic agents for each cancer type.\n             Patients who have not received all approved or standard treatments for their cancer\n             must be informed that these alternatives to receiving IMMU-132 are available prior to\n             consenting to participate in this trial.)\n\n          -  Adequate performance status (ECOG 0 or 1)\n\n          -  Expected survival > 6 months.\n\n          -  Measurable disease by CT or MRI.\n\n          -  At least 2 weeks beyond treatment (chemotherapy, investigational drugs including small\n             molecular inhibitors, immunotherapy and/or radiation therapy) or major surgery and\n             recovered from all acute toxicities to Grade 1 or less (except alopecia).\n\n          -  At least 2 weeks beyond high dose systemic corticosteroids (however, low dose\n             corticosteroids < 20 mg prednisone or equivalent daily are permitted).\n\n          -  Adequate hematology without ongoing transfusional support (hemoglobin > 9 g/dL, ANC >\n             1,500 per mm3, platelets > 100,000 per mm3).\n\n          -  Adequate renal and hepatic function (creatinine ? 2.0 x IULN, bilirubin ? 1.5 IULN,\n             AST and ALT ? 3.0 x IULN or 5 x IULN if know liver metastases).\n\n          -  Otherwise, all toxicity at study entry < Grade 1.\n\n        Exclusion Criteria:\n\n        -•Women who are pregnant or lactating.\n\n          -  Women of childbearing potential and fertile men unwilling to use effective\n             contraception during study until conclusion of 12-week post-treatment evaluation\n             period.\n\n          -  Patients with Gilbert's disease.\n\n          -  Patients with brain metastases can be enrolled only if treated, non-progressive brain\n             metastases and off high-dose steroids (>20 mg prednisone or equivalent) for at least 4\n             weeks.\n\n          -  Presence of bulky disease (defined as any single mass > 7 cm in its greatest\n             dimension). Patients with a mass over 7 cm, but otherwise eligible, may be considered\n             for enrollment after discussion and approval with the medical monitor.\n\n          -  Patients with active ? grade 2 anorexia, nausea or vomiting, and/or signs of\n             intestinal obstruction.\n\n          -  Patients with non-melanoma skin cancer or carcinoma in situ of the cervix are\n             eligible, while patients with other prior malignancies must have had at least a 3-year\n             disease-free interval.\n\n          -  Patients known to be HIV positive, hepatitis B positive, or hepatitis C positive.\n\n          -  Known history of unstable angina, MI, or CHF present within 6 months or clinically\n             significant cardiac arrhythmia (other than stable atrial fibrillation) requiring\n             anti-arrhythmia therapy.\n\n          -  Known history of clinically significant active COPD, or other moderate-to-severe\n             chronic respiratory illness present within 6 months.\n\n          -  Prior history of clinically significant bleeding, intestinal obstruction, or GI\n             perforation within 6 months of initiation of study treatment.\n\n          -  Infection requiring intravenous antibiotic use within 1 week.\n\n          -  history of an anaphylactic reaction to irinotecan or ? Grade 3 GI toxicity to prior\n             irinotecan,\n\n          -  Other concurrent medical or psychiatric conditions that, in the Investigator's\n             opinion, may be likely to confound study interpretation or prevent completion of study\n             procedures and follow-up examinations.Xx_NEWLINE_xXNewly diagnosed or recurrent thymoma - World Health Organization (WHO) A, AB, B1, B2, or B3 or thymic carcinoma, pathologically confirmed at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC) or City of HopeXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must not receive any other anti-cancer therapy (cytotoxic, biologic, radiation, or hormonal other than for replacement) while on this study except for medications that are prescribed for supportive care but may potentially have an anti-cancer effect (i.e. megestrol acetate, bisphosphonates); these medications must have been started 1 month prior to enrollment on this study; in addition, men receiving treatment for prostate cancer will be maintained at castrate levels of testosterone by continuation of luteinizing-releasing hormone agonistsXx_NEWLINE_xXProstatic intraepithelial neoplasia without evidence of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects with one or more prior treatments for their pancreatic cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXExperienced progression/recurrence of disease during or subsequent to the most recent anti-cancer regimen.Xx_NEWLINE_xXSUB-PROTOCOL AIM A: Histological confirmation of renal cell carcinoma, head and neck cancer, endometrial cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, squamous cell cervical or uterine cancer, or bladder cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior use of immunotherapy or chemotherapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior investigational therapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior nasopharyngeal cancer, salivary gland or sinus tumors.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPathological finding consistent with small cell, ductal or neuroendocrine carcinoma of the prostateXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior treatment with other next generation anti-androgens or other CYP17 inhibitors, immunotherapy or radiopharmaceutical agents for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious cancer treatment contraindicates this protocol therapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXNo previous anti-cancer treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXIncidental histological finding of prostate cancer (TNM stage of T1a or T1b)Xx_NEWLINE_xXMust have pancreatic, ovarian, gastric, non-small cell cancer or mesothelioma. For dose expansion, must have tumor that is positive for mesothelinXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have histological, pathological and/or cytological confirmation of prostate cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have progressive, metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) as defined below:Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have histological, pathological and/or cytological confirmation of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXNo concomitant approved anti-cancer therapies or any investigational agentsXx_NEWLINE_xXCancer must be considered incurable by the treating clinicianXx_NEWLINE_xXNo history of another active cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior surgery for cancer of the anus that removed all macroscopic anal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy (for lung cancer) and/or thoracic/neck radiotherapy for any reason and/or surgical resection of present cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior therapy with any molecular targeted drugs (for lung cancer)Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of previous or concurrent cancer other than HCC unless treated curatively 5 or more years prior to entryXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent use of other anti-cancer agents or treatmentsXx_NEWLINE_xXTumor blocks available from previous surgery/biopsy; at the tumor specific expansion, only patients with metastatic colorectal and renal cell cancers will be enrolled; patients with metastatic colorectal and renal cancer must have been treated and progressed or intolerant to standard care therapy; patients with colorectal cancer must have been treated in the past with irinotecan and/or oxaliplatin and/or avastin/EGFR therapy or intolerant to these agents; no more than 4 lines of therapy permitted in the metastatic setting; patients with colorectal cancer may enroll irrespective of K-Ras mutational status, although this will be documented; patients with renal cell cancer must have been treated with a VEGF targeted therapy and/or mTOR inhibitor; prior treatment with vorinostat and HCQ are not permitted in each tumor typeXx_NEWLINE_xXWillingness and ability to complete the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC-26) questionnaireXx_NEWLINE_xXAndrogen suppression or anti-androgen therapy within the 12 months prior to dosing, for prostate cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXAny previous ablative procedures performed on the prostate, e.g., electroporation, radiofrequency ablation, high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), cryosurgery, photochemical, thermal or microwave therapy to treat cancer of the prostate.Xx_NEWLINE_xXMetastatic, castrate resistant prostate cancer (M1 by National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) criteria)Xx_NEWLINE_xXgastric cancer (including gastro-esophageal junction)Xx_NEWLINE_xXcolon cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHave mixed hepatocellular biliary tract cancer histology.Xx_NEWLINE_xXCohort B: Histologically confirmed metastatic solid tumor of epithelial origin, excluding non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), including but not limited to ovarian cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer, renal cancer, bladder cancer, or breast cancer with radiographic evidence by MRI of at least one measurable brain lesion as defined by RANO criteria that does not require corticosteroids for symptomatic controlXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of melanoma or other non-epithelial based malignancy such as sarcoma, neuroendocrine tumor, small cell lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXMetastatic or unresectable cancer that expresses KIT as documented in the patient's pathology report.Xx_NEWLINE_xXConcomitant therapy with any of the following: interleukin 2 (IL-2), interferon or other non-study immunotherapy regimens; cytotoxic chemotherapy; immunosuppressive agents; other investigation therapies; or chronic use of systemic corticosteroids (used in the management of cancer or non-cancer-related illnesses)Xx_NEWLINE_xXLife threatening illness unrelated to cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious surgery for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXDid not receive any anti-cancer treatment since the last dose of MK-3475Xx_NEWLINE_xXOvarian cancer confirmed BRCA wild-type from a prior test.Xx_NEWLINE_xXFor the expansion stage, histologically confirmed renal cell cancer (RCC), urothelial bladder cancer (UBC), triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), melanoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), gastric cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, or Merkel cell cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must not be concurrently taking other medications or supplements with known hormonal effects (other than LHRH agonists or non-steroidal antiandrogen), including prostate cancer (PC)-SPES, megestrol acetate, finasteride, ketoconazole, estradiol, or saw palmetto; all other medications with possible anti-cancer effects must be discussed with the protocol principal investigator prior to study entryXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients previously treated with herbal supplements, or other potential or experimental therapies for prostate cancer (apart from LHRH agonists and antiandrogens), must have been discontinued these treatments and completed at least a one-month washout prior to first vaccinationXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients cannot have concurrent enrollment on other phase I, II, or III investigational treatment studies for the treatment of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXFor Phase 1B: histology specified below i. NSCLC (subjects with documented EGFR mutation or ALK rearrangement should be excluded) ii. ovarian cancer iii. gastric cancer iv. HCC (Barcelona-Clinic Liver Cancer stage C, stage B not amenable to locoregional therapy or refractory to locoregional therapy, and not amenable to a curative treatment approach, and Child-Pugh A) v. HNSCC vi. esophageal carcinoma vii. TNBC viii. cholangiocarcinoma ix. RCC, bladder cancer, melanoma, Merkel-cell carcinoma, sarcoma, GIST, or cuSCC. Or any other solid tumors with known MSI-H or dMMR status, such as CRC or pancreatic cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHave progressive metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer, on androgen deprivation therapy, based on as least one of the following criteria:Xx_NEWLINE_xXAny other previous antitumor therapies for the current cancer eventXx_NEWLINE_xXHistological or cytological confirmed small cell lung cancer (SCLC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXSmall cell cancer not lung in originXx_NEWLINE_xXThe patient has decided to undergo brachytherapy (or brachytherapy plus external beam radiation) as a treatment modality for his prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXMetastatic breast cancer (MBC) OR metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) OR metastatic adenocarcinoma of the prostate; the sites of allowed metastases are: peripheral lung, central lung, mediastinal/cervical lymph node, liver, spinal/paraspinal, osseous, and abdominal-pelvic\r\n* NOTE: after the required number of evaluable patients have been accrued for a given dose level, the accrual for that metastatic location will be temporarily suspended while the safety of that dose level is assessed; a patient can only be entered onto the trial if all of their metastatic locations are open to accrual (e.g. if central lung is temporarily suspended for safety assessment and the patient has a central lung metastases, regardless of other metastases, they cannot enroll until the safety of dose to central lung is determined)Xx_NEWLINE_xXHave biopsy proven carcinoma of the prostateXx_NEWLINE_xXRadiographically documented evidence of major vessel invasion or encasement by cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXCo-administration of anti-cancer therapies other than those administered in this studyXx_NEWLINE_xX28 patients with refractory colorectal cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior radical prostatectomy or cryosurgery for prostate cancer or bilateral orchiectomyXx_NEWLINE_xXAny curable cancer with a complete response (CR) of > 5 years duration.Xx_NEWLINE_xXFamily history of inherited colon cancer syndromesXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior radical prostatectomy or cryosurgery for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent use of other anti-cancer agents or anti-cancer treatmentsXx_NEWLINE_xXAny previous systemic chemotherapy for cancer or radiotherapy for cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient with low-intermediate risk, early-stage organ-confined prostate cancer (cT1c and cT2a, N0, M0), diagnosed with TRUS guided transperineal biopsy (TPBx) and voluntarily chooses MRgFUS as the non-invasive treatment, who may currently be on watchful waiting or active surveillance and not in need of imminent radical therapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of orchiectomy, PCa-specific chemotherapy, cryotherapy, Photodynamic therapy or radical prostatectomy for treatment of prostate cancer; any prior radiation therapy to the pelvis for prostate cancer or any other malignancy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistologic confirmation of prostate cancer at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXResidual Cancer Burden (RBC) classification II or III6Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior radical surgery (prostatectomy), high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) or cryosurgery for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXAndrogen deprivation therapy (if applicable) initiated > 3 months prior to registration; patients who have undergone bilateral orchiectomy will be eligible if they meet all other criteria; NOTE: patients with a history of locally recurrent hormone refractory cancer are eligible for this study, not patients with metastatic hormone refractory prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior treatment with chemotherapy for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistopathologically confirmed diagnosis of one of the following cancer types:\r\n* Salivary gland cancer without the presence of extracapsular extension and/or positive surgical margin\r\n* Skin cancer\r\n* MelanomaXx_NEWLINE_xXMust have gastric cancer or gastroesophageal junction cancer that cannot be operated on and that is advanced or has spread outXx_NEWLINE_xXPart 1: Any advanced solid tumor malignancy; Part 2: Subjects with squamous non-small cell lung cancer, cholangiocarcinoma/gastric cancer, urothelial cancer, breast/endometrial cancer, multiple myeloma, or MPNs that have a tumor or malignancy that has been evaluated and confirmed to harbor genetic alterations in FGF or FGFR genes. A subject's fibroblast growth factor (FGF) or fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) alteration may be based on local or central laboratory results. Part 3: Dose finding: subjects with solid tumor malignancies who qualify for combo therapy; dose-expansion: FGF/FGFR+ subjects qualified to receive combo therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXHistologically or cytologically confirmed, Stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (per the Union Internationale contre le Cancer/American Join Committee on Cancer staging system, 7th edition) or recurrent incurable non-small cell lung cancer that has progressed after first-line chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior Therapy: Platinum doublet chemotherapy for current diagnosis of advanced lung cancer. Only one prior line of chemotherapy for advanced lung cancer allowed. Adjuvant chemotherapy, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, or chemoradiotherapy given for early stage lung cancer at least 6 months prior to diagnosis of recurrent/metastatic disease is not counted as a line of therapy for advanced lung cancer. Patients who received platinum doublet therapy with or without radiotherapy as part of treatment for early stage non-small cell lung cancer less than 6 months after developing stage 4 or recurrent incurable disease will be considered study eligible by the criterion of having received one line of chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistologic confirmation of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and confirmed ALK rearrangement.Xx_NEWLINE_xXOther pancreatic cancer histology (islet cell, acinar, neuroendocrine tumors)Xx_NEWLINE_xXResectable pancreatic cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXIs participating in another medical device trial involving colectomy with anastomosis First 20 subjects ONLY: • Is diagnosed with high risk cancer as determined by preoperative clinical evidence or diagnostic imaging (if patient's cancer stage has been downstaged through treatment prior to baseline screening, subject is allowed to be included):Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients may have synchronous endometrial and ovarian cancer primariesXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient may have had prior systemic therapy and/or ADT associated with treatment of their primary prostate cancer; patient may have had ADT associated with salvage radiation therapy (to the primary prostate cancer or pelvis is allowed)Xx_NEWLINE_xXCastration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior salvage treatment to the primary prostate cancer or pelvis is allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXMaldigestion/malabsorption syndrome pre-dating the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistopathological documentation of prostate cancer confirmed in either the Laboratory of Pathology at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Clinical Center, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), or Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI) or Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) prior to enrollment; if no pathologic specimen is available, patients may enroll with a pathologist’s report showing a histologic diagnosis of prostate cancer and a clinical course consistent with the diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients may have had a prior diagnosis of cancer if it has been > 5 years since their last treatment and are considered free of diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects who have a previous or concurrent cancer that is distinct in primary site or histology from the cancer being evaluated in this study, or any previous cancer curatively treated >3 years before the start of study Treatment.Xx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent use of any other anti-cancer treatments or any other investigational agentsXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent cancer therapy is not permitted.Xx_NEWLINE_xXActive malignancy requiring therapy such as radiation, chemotherapy, or immunotherapy; exceptions to this are as follows: localized nonmelanotic skin cancer and any cancer that in the judgment of the investigator has been treated with curative intent and will not interfere with the study treatment plan and response assessmentXx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior treatment for pancreatic cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior cancer diagnosis, except appropriately treated localized epithelial skin cancer or cervical cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of advanced solid tumors limited to: melanoma, kidney cancer, lung cancer, colorectal carcinoma, prostate cancer, and neuroendocrine tumor progressing on standard therapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy, immunotherapy (including interferon), or biological therapy, radiation therapy and/or surgery for resection of solid tumor (limited to: melanoma, kidney cancer, lung cancer, colorectal carcinoma, prostate cancer, and neuroendocrine tumor) are allowed.Xx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior systemic therapy for metastatic prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXReceived prior therapeutic intervention for metastatic prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with Fanconi anemia or other cancer-predisposition syndromesXx_NEWLINE_xXProstate cancer with significant sarcomatoid or spindle cell or neuroendocrine small cell componentsXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior ADT for prostate cancer (including bilateral orchidectomy), except in the following settings:Xx_NEWLINE_xXThe participant has squamous cell or undifferentiated gastric cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent use of any other anti-cancer agents or treatments or any other study agentsXx_NEWLINE_xXEligibility for pediatric patients will be determined in conjunction with an MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC) pediatricianXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with histologically proven prostate cancer treated with surgery, radiation, or the combination of surgery and radiation for prostate cancer (metastatic to regional lymph nodes) with resection of the nodes, who now has a rising PSA value after definitive local therapy, and no visible metastatic disease on conventional imaging studiesXx_NEWLINE_xXProstate cancer < Gleason score 6 with stable prostate-specific antigen (PSA) over 12 monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXTreated medullary or papillary thyroid cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXUse of opiate analgesics for prostate cancer pain within 4 weeks before enrollment;Xx_NEWLINE_xXSquamous cell or undifferentiated gastric cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHave results from testing of HPV status for oropharyngeal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXEligible patients must have appropriate staging studies identifying them as American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage T1 (a, b, or c) or T2 (a, b, or c) adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland; the patient should not have direct evidence of regional or distant metastases after appropriate staging studies; histologic confirmation of cancer will be required by biopsy performed within 180 days of registrationXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects who have undergone previous transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) or cryotherapy to the prostateXx_NEWLINE_xXParticipants must have histologically or cytologically confirmed ovarian cancer, peritoneal cancer or fallopian tube cancer and must have a histological diagnosis of either high grade serous or high grade endometrioid cancer based on local histopathological findings; participants with a deleterious BRCA-mutation on a commercial Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) assay with other high-grade histologies are also eligible\r\n* Myriad testing will be accepted as documentation of a deleterious mutation; if testing for BRCA is done by other organizations, documentation from a qualified medical professional (e.g., ovarian cancer specialty physician involved in the field, high risk genetics physician, genetics counselor) listing the mutation and confirming that the laboratory results show a recognized germline deleterious BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation or BRCA rearrangements is required to document the presence of a deleterious mutationXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent use of other anti-cancer agents or treatmentsXx_NEWLINE_xXUnresectable recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer (HNC) (non-squamous cell cancer allowed), renal cell cancer (RCC) (non-clear cell types allowed), melanoma and lung cancer and candidates for RTXx_NEWLINE_xXENTRY CRITERIA: Metastatic, castration resistant prostate cancer progressing on enzalutamide after initial response to enzalutamideXx_NEWLINE_xXRecurrent and/or metastatic HPV-related carcinoma of the cervix, anus, vagina, vulva, penis, or oropharynx; the cancer diagnosis must be confirmed by slide review in the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) Department of Pathology; HPV positive status must be demonstrated by HPV in situ-hybridization (ISH) and/or by p16 immunohistochemistry (IHC)\r\n* Note: for cervix squamous cancer, HPV ISH test or p16 IHC test is not requiredXx_NEWLINE_xXMalignancies other than UBC within 5 years prior to Cycle 1, Day 1, with the exception of those with a negligible risk of metastasis or death and treated with expected curative outcome, or localized prostate cancer treated with curative intent and absence of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) relapse or incidental prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXAlternative anti-cancer treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior prostate surgery (including transurethral resection of the prostate [TURP])Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who are currently taking any anti-cancer directed therapy; steroids are not considered anti-cancer therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior invasive cancer (except nonmelanoma skin cancer) unless disease free for at least 2 years or life expectancy without treatment is greater than 2 years, e.g., low risk localized prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistological/cytological confirmation of biliary cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXProstate cancer progression documented by prostate-specific antigen (PSA) according to the Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Working Group (PCWG2) or radiographic progression of soft tissue according to modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, version 1.1 (RECIST) modified based on PCWG2, or radiographic progression of bone according to PCWG2Xx_NEWLINE_xXPreviously treated with ketoconazole for prostate cancer for greater than 7 daysXx_NEWLINE_xXUrothelial cancer that is suitable for local therapy administered with curative intentXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients diagnosed with prostate cancer that elect to undergo primary cryotherapy of the prostateXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who are diagnosed with clinical stage T1a -T2c prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with cancer are eligible provided they meet the specificationsXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients currently on the phase I trial combining perifosine + temsirolimus (Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center [MSKCC] Institutional Review Board [IRB] #09-058:  Phase I/II Trial of Temsirolimus and Perifosine for Recurrent or Progressive Malignant Gliomas; National Cancer Institute [NCI]-Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program #8249) who cannot continue treatment on the Phase I trial because of inadequate drug supply are eligible and will be continue being treated at the current dose they are receivingXx_NEWLINE_xXProstate cancer progression since last prior therapy documented by prostate-specific antigen (PSA) according to Prostate Cancer Working Group 2 (PCWG2) or radiographic progression according to modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) criteria version 1.1Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with synovial sarcoma confirmed by Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) pathological reviewXx_NEWLINE_xXCuratively resected nonmelanomatous skin cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have chosen radical prostatectomy as their definitive treatment of choice for management of their prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient has biopsy-proven diagnosis of cancer and radiographic evidence of bone metastasis to serve as target lesion(s)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatient has 1-3 major painful osseous metastases (target lesions); these do not require biopsy if they are radiographically consistent with osseous metastases; the target lesions may be from any primary cancer or unknown primary cancer, including multiple myelomaXx_NEWLINE_xXProstate cancer progressionXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with synchronous primary endometrial cancer or a past history of endometrial cancer, unless all of the following conditions are met: \r\n* Stage not greater than IB \r\n* No more than superficial myometrial invasion \r\n* No vascular or lymphatic invasion \r\n* No poorly differentiated subtypes, including serous, clear cell or other International Federation of Gynecologists and Obstetricians (FIGO) grade 3 lesionsXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects must have metastatic prostate cancer mass tissue collection within 3 months of study entryXx_NEWLINE_xXMalignancies other than urothelial bladder cancer within 5 years prior to Cycle 1, Day 1, with the exception of those with a negligible risk of metastasis or death treated with expected curative outcome or incidental prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXInclusion Criteria.\n\n          -  Have a diagnosis of Hormone Receptor Positive (HR+), Human Epidermal Growth Factor\n             Receptor 2 Negative (HER2-) breast cancer.\n\n          -  Recurrent, locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic breast cancer with disease\n             progression following anti-estrogen therapy.\n\n          -  Prior treatment with at least 2 chemotherapy regimens:\n\n               -  At least 1 of these regimens must have been administered in the metastatic\n                  setting.\n\n               -  At least 1 of these regimens must have contained a taxane.\n\n               -  No more than 2 prior chemotherapy regimens in the metastatic setting.\n\n          -  Have a performance status (PS) of 0 to 1 on the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group\n             scale.\n\n          -  Have discontinued all previous therapies for cancer.\n\n          -  Have the presence of measureable disease as defined by Response Evaluation Criteria in\n             Solid Tumors Version 1.1.\n\n        Exclusion Criteria:\n\n          -  Have either a history of central nervous system (CNS) metastasis or evidence of CNS\n             metastasis on the magnetic resonance image of brain obtained at baseline.\n\n          -  Received prior therapy with another cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6)\n             inhibitor.\n\n          -  Have received treatment with a drug that has not received regulatory approval for any\n             indication within 14 or 21 days of the initial dose of study drug.\n\n          -  Have had major surgery within 14 days of the initial dose of study drug.\n\n          -  Have a history of any other cancer (except non-melanoma skin cancer or carcinoma\n             in-situ of the cervix).Xx_NEWLINE_xXPathologic evidence of chemo-resistant Small Cell Lung cancer (relapse <90 days after 1st line), chemo-sensitive Small Cell Lung Cancer (relapse >90 days after first line), locally advanced metastatic neuroendocrine tumor of gastro-entero, pancreatic, pulmonary (other than Small Cell Lung) or thymic origin, or advanced renal cell carcinoma for which everolimus is indicated.Xx_NEWLINE_xXNeuroendocrine cancer of the thyroid or thymus.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHave pathologic diagnosis of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of prostate cancer progression of ketoconazoleXx_NEWLINE_xXProstate cancer progression documented by prostate specific antigen according to the Prostate Cancer Working Group 2 (PCWG2) criteria or radiological progression according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST), version 1.1.Xx_NEWLINE_xXAsymptomatic or mildly symptomatic prostate cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXTreatment with more than one chemotherapy agent for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients previously diagnosed with low risk (Gleason score < 6, clinical stage < T2a, and PSA < 10) prostate cancer undergoing active surveillance who are re-biopsied and found to have intermediate risk disease according to the protocol criteria are eligible for enrollment within 180 days of the repeat biopsy procedureXx_NEWLINE_xXStage T4 prostate cancer by clinical examination or radiologic evaluationXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior androgen deprivation, chemotherapy, surgery, or radiation for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXRadiographic evidence of disease progression in bone (according to Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Working Group 2 [PCWG2] criteria) with or without PSA progressionXx_NEWLINE_xXCOHORT A: Prior ketoconazole, abiraterone acetate, or enzalutamide for the treatment of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXCOHORT A: Current or prior investigational therapies for prostate cancer, or chemotherapy administered with the intention to treat prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXCOHORT B: Current or prior investigational therapies for prostate cancer, or chemotherapy administered with the intention to treat prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXOther available therapies have failed to cure the cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXThe cancer that has no proven effective therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXHave a cancer of the bloodXx_NEWLINE_xXIncidental histologic finding of prostate cancer (TNM stage of T1a or T1b)Xx_NEWLINE_xXMen with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior cytotoxic chemotherapy, aminoglutethimide, ketoconazole, abiraterone, or enzalutamide for the treatment of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXMetatastic colorectal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXNon-small cell lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of breast cancer, endometrial cancer or ovarian cancer or taking aromatase inhibitors or selective estrogen receptor modulatorsXx_NEWLINE_xXHistologically- or cytologically-confirmed ovarian cancer, colorectal cancer, non-triple negative breast cancer, renal cell carcinoma and cervical cancer, with at least one lesion measurable by irRC not previously irradiated.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior therapy to the head and neck, with the intent to treat, the current diagnosis of head & neck cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXMore than 2 prior courses of chemotherapy for metastatic prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious use of immunotherapy or radium-223 for the treatment of metastatic prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXAsymptomatic or mildly symptomatic from prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior cytotoxic chemotherapy or biologic therapy for the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious treatment with ketoconazole for prostate cancer for greater than 7 daysXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient is concurrently using other anti-cancer therapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent use of other anti-cancer agents or treatmentsXx_NEWLINE_xXResidual Cancer Burden (RBC) classification II or III6Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatient with newly diagnosed or recurrent, histologic diagnosis of lung cancer or head & neck cancer (categories: oral cavity, pharynx and larynx only)Xx_NEWLINE_xXHaving smoked at least one cigarette within 1 month of cancer diagnosisXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with colon cancer (cohort A and B) must have received at least 2 prior cancer therapy regimens; patients with other cancer types (cohort C) must have received at least 1 prior cancer therapy regimen; patients in cohort D must have received at least 1 prior cancer therapy regimen; patients must have progressive disease on study entryXx_NEWLINE_xXHistological documented diagnosis of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) confirmed by a Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) pathologist.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistological or cytologic diagnosis of squamous cell cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXClinical diagnosis of squamous cell cancer of the head and neck (non-nasopharynx primary tumors: oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx and larynx) or skinXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosed with prostate cancer, T1-T2bN0M0 Gleason score (GS) 6-7; prostate specific antigen (PSA) < 20Xx_NEWLINE_xXLife-threatening illness unrelated to cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistologically confirmed diagnosis of metastatic or recurrent uterine cancer (endometrial carcinoma, carcinosarcoma, clear cell carcinoma, leiomyosarcoma, undifferentiated sarcoma, high grade endometrial stromal sarcoma) by Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; carcinosarcomas, endometrioid and clear cell carcinomas that appears to have arisen in the ovary/fallopian tube are also eligible; recurrence should not be amenable to curative approaches such as surgical resection or chemoradiotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior treatment with radiopharmaceutical agents, or any other investigational agent for non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXAt least a 4 week interval from previous prostate cancer treatment other than LHRH agonist/antagonist therapy, bisphosphonates, or denosumab to enrollmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior cytotoxic chemotherapy or biologic therapy for the treatment of castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPreviously treated with ketoconazole for prostate cancer for greater than 7 daysXx_NEWLINE_xXMixed small cell and non-small cell lung cancer histology.Xx_NEWLINE_xXOther concomitant anti-cancer therapy agents excepts steroidsXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior radiotherapy to the prostate or pelvis (related to prostate cancer); concurrent adjuvant radiation therapy is permitted once patient has been enrolled on trialXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior use of abiraterone acetate or cytotoxic chemotherapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of diagnosis of prostate cancer after undergoing prostatectomyXx_NEWLINE_xXParticipants must have radiographic evidence of metastatic prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXParticipants must have progressive disease despite ongoing androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and castrate levels of testosterone, defined as castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPathologically confirmed diagnosis of non-anaplastic non-medullary thyroid cancer that is either grossly recurrent after surgery or unresectable with or without metastatic diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXHistopathological documentation of prostate cancer confirmed in the Laboratory of Pathology at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Clinical Center, or Walter Reed National Military Medical Center prior to enrollment; if no pathologic specimen is available, patients may enroll with a pathologist's report showing a histologic diagnosis of prostate cancer and a clinical course consistent with the diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have histologically or cytologically confirmed prostate cancer confirmed by either the Laboratory of Pathology at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Clinical Center, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center at Bethesda prior to starting this study; if no pathologic specimen is available, patients may enroll with a pathologist's report showing a histological diagnosis of prostate cancer and a clinical course consistent with the diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXAsymptomatic or mildly symptomatic from prostate cancer; no use of regularly scheduled opiate analgesics for prostate cancer-related painXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with prior chemotherapy for nonmetastatic prostate cancer within a year are excludedXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior oophorectomy for cancer prevention is allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have histopathological confirmation of HCC or (Cohort E only) biliary tract carcinoma (BTC) by the Laboratory of Pathology of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) prior to entering this study or histopathological confirmation of carcinoma in the setting of clinical and radiological characteristics which, together with the pathology, are highly suggestive of a diagnosis of HCC (or biliary tract carcinoma in Cohort E); fibrolamellar variant is also allowed; for cohort E, the term BTC includes intra- or extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, gallbladder cancer or ampullary cancer, as long as there is an intrahepatic component amenable to RFAXx_NEWLINE_xXClinical evidence of metastatic prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXProstate cancer pain requiring regularly scheduled narcotics.Xx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of prostate cancer with neuroendocrine differentiationXx_NEWLINE_xXAny other cancer from which the patient has been disease-free for 5 yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXCytologic or histologic proof pancreatic ductal carcinoma is required prior to study entry; diagnosis must be confirmed by a Dana-Farber Harvard Cancer Center (DFHCC) institution pathology department prior to registrationXx_NEWLINE_xXNO prior chemotherapy for current diagnosis of lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects must have a histological diagnosis of cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXUncontrolled cancer requiring the institution of new anti-cancer therapy during the study periodXx_NEWLINE_xXHistological or cytological confirmation diagnosis of Non Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC).Xx_NEWLINE_xXA minimum of 10 patients in the trial (~50%) will need to have a PIK3CA mutation in their cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy or radiosensitizers for cancer of the head and neck (except for T1 glottic cancer) that would result in an overlap of radiation fields.Xx_NEWLINE_xXAny systemic anti-cancer treatment out of allowed timelinesXx_NEWLINE_xXGroup 1: Patients with BRAF mutated cancer, except those with colorectal or non-small cell lung cancersXx_NEWLINE_xXGroup 2: Patients with BRAF mutated colorectal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXGroup 5: Patients with MEK mutated cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXGroup 6: Patients with BRAF mutated non-small cell lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXGroup 7: Patients with ERK mutated cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent use of other anti-cancer agents or treatmentsXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent uncontrolled illness not related to cancer, including but not limited to:Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior ketoconazole, abiraterone acetate, or enzalutamide for the treatment of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXMixed small cell and non-small cell lung cancer histologyXx_NEWLINE_xXOther concomitant anti-cancer therapy agents except steroidsXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of breast cancer or endometrial cancer confirmed at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) or outside pathology reportXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients may have had a prior diagnosis of cancer if it has been > 5 years since their last treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent use of other anti-cancer agents or treatmentsXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have histologically or cytologically confirmed papillary thyroid cancer, follicular thyroid cancer (tall cell variant, insular thyroid cancer, follicular variant of papillary thyroid cancers, poorly differentiated thyroid cancer or any of the above mixed histology will be allowed); patients with anaplastic thyroid cancer are excludedXx_NEWLINE_xXMetastatic colorectal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXSmall cell or other variant prostate cancer histologyXx_NEWLINE_xXProgressive disease at study entry defined by PSA and/or radiographic criteria according to the Prostate Cancer Working Group 2 (PCWG2)Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of progression of prostate cancer while receiving ketoconazoleXx_NEWLINE_xXHistopathological confirmation of prostate cancer by the Laboratory of Pathology of the National Cancer Institute (NCI), Pathology Department of the Walter Reed National Military Medical Center or Yale is required prior to entering this study; patients whose pathology specimens are no longer available may be enrolled if the patient has a clinical course that is consistent with prostate cancer and available documentation from an outside pathology laboratory of the diagnosis; all efforts should be made to have the material forwarded to the research team for use in correlative studies in cases where original tissue blocks or archival biopsy material is availableXx_NEWLINE_xXThe subject has received chemotherapy for castration-resistant prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistologic proof of melanoma reviewed and confirmed by Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXNo previous therapy for pancreatic cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistological confirmation of malignancy (non-small cell lung cancer, breast cancer [hormone refractory], prostate cancer [hormone refractory], lymphoma, renal cell carcinoma, myeloma) by either biopsy or cytology of the primary or metastatic lesionXx_NEWLINE_xXCancer vaccines and convection-enhanced therapies: interval >= 1 month before study enrollmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPathologically confirmed diagnosis of cancer, including, but not limited to non-small cell lung cancer, breast, prostate, renal cell, melanoma, gastrointestinal, sarcoma, thyroid, head and neck primary, and carcinoma of unknown primaryXx_NEWLINE_xXHistological confirmation of thymoma (Group 1 only) or thymic carcinoma by the pathology department/Center for Cancer Research (CCR)/National Cancer Institute (NCI) or the pathology department of participating institutionsXx_NEWLINE_xXAny other concomitant anti-cancer treatment.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPast or current anti-cancer treatment except corticosteroids of less than 7 days duration in totalXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with advanced cancer with resectable lung metastasesXx_NEWLINE_xXHave a histologic or cytologic diagnosis of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHave no prior exposure to cytochrome 450 family 17(CYP-17) (other than ketoconazole) or PARP inhibitors for prostate cancer; patients with prior exposure to ketoconazole are eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients on bisphosphonates for any cancer or on hormone therapy for prostate cancer will not need to discontinue this therapy to be eligible; however, patients with prostate cancer will need to have metastatic prostate cancer that has progressed despite hormonal therapy; castrate testosterone levels occur within hours after castration and within 2 to 3 weeks of a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist; the current standard is to continue androgen suppression despite progressive diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with hydronephrosis secondary to bladder cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy or treatment for metastatic non-small cell lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXConcomitant use of any type of anti-cancer treatment other than studied in the parent protocol.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with a known synchronous primary endometrial cancer, or a past history of primary endometrial cancer, are excluded, unless all of the following conditions are met: stage not greater than IA, no more than superficial myometrial invasion, without vascular or lymphatic invasion, no poorly differentiated subtypes (including papillary serous, clear cell or other FIGO grade 3 lesions)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPast or current anti-cancer treatment except corticosteroids during less than one week.Xx_NEWLINE_xXStages II-IV of the above cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXIntention for chemotherapy administration at MD Anderson Cancer CenterXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with a synchronous primary endometrial cancer, or a past history of primary endometrial cancer are excluded unless all of the following conditions are met: stage not greater than stage IA; no more than superficial myometrial invasion, without vascular or lymphatic invasion; no poorly differentiated subtypes, including papillary serous, clear cell, or other International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) grade 3 lesionsXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent use of other anti-cancer agents or treatmentsXx_NEWLINE_xXDuodenal cancer on biopsy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects on any other systemic therapy for cancer, including any other experimental treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXMust have metastatic colorectal cancer or pancreatic cancer with stable disease after first line chemotherapy or patients with colorectal or pancreatic cancer who have progressed with standard chemotherapy options\r\n* Standard chemotherapy examples for metastatic colorectal cancer include 5-FU (fluorouracil)/capecitabine with either oxaliplatin or irinotecan based regimen with or without bevacizumab or cetuximab\r\n* Standard chemotherapy examples for metastatic pancreatic cancer include gemzar based regimen or FOLFIRINOX (5-FU, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior radical prostatectomy or cryosurgery for prostate cancer or bilateral orchiectomyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with measurable brain metastasis not resulting from small cell lung cancer and germ cell malignancyXx_NEWLINE_xXPart F: Colorectal CancerXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent use of other anti-cancer agents or treatments.Xx_NEWLINE_xXSmall cell or other variant prostate cancer histologyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients previously treated with herbal supplements, or other potential or experimental therapies for prostate cancer must have discontinued these treatments and completed at least a one-month washout prior to beginning treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must not have been treated with a prior vaccine therapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXE 01. Prior chemotherapy for prostate cancer,Xx_NEWLINE_xXValproic acid for the treatment of cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received prior radiotherapy to any portion of the abdominal cavity or pelvis OTHER THAN for the treatment of cervical cancer within the last three years are excluded            \r\n* Prior radiation for localized cancer of the breast, head and neck, or skin is permitted provided that it was completed more than three years prior to registration and the patient remains free of recurrent or metastatic diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXSmall cell prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXBiopsy-proven (consisting of >= 10 tissue cores) adenocarcinoma of the prostate diagnosed within 24 months prior to pre-registration            \r\n* < 25% of biopsy tissue cores positive for cancer\r\n* =< 50% of any one biopsy tissue core positive for cancer\r\n* Clinical stage =< T2a\r\n* Patients who have prostate cancer with distant metastases are not eligible\r\nNOTE: if a patient undergoes a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and prostate cancer is diagnosed incidentally from the TURP specimen, eligibility for CALGB 70807 cannot be determined from the TURP specimen; however, if the patient subsequently undergoes a minimum 10-core prostate biopsy within 2 years of prostate cancer diagnosis from the TURP, and prostate cancer is detected in the biopsy specimen and meets the requirements above, the patient is eligible for this study; if prostate cancer is not detected in the biopsy specimen, the patient is not eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have had prior treatment for prostate cancer by surgery, irradiation, local ablative (i.e., cryosurgery or high-intensity focused ultrasound), or androgen-deprivation therapy are not eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXAsymptomatic or mildly symptomatic from prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient has concurrent use of other anti-cancer agents or treatmentsXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent use of other anti-cancer agents or treatmentsXx_NEWLINE_xXPathologic diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer prior to enrollmentXx_NEWLINE_xXUnderlying cancer in remissionXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent uncontrolled illness not related to cancer, including but not limited to:Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistopathologic confirmation of anaplastic thyroid cancer (or histopathologic report consistent with anaplastic thyroid cancer) at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center with clinical evidence of metastatic disease not curable by either surgery or radiation therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXEfficacy Expansion Cohort (Second-Line Cervical Cancer)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have a primary L sided colorectal cancer (at or distal to the splenic flexure)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior treatment for prostate cancer, including history of chemotherapy, hormonal therapy within 30 days of enrollment or surgery for prostate cancer (except for prior transurethral prostatic resection [TURP] or greenlight photoselective vaporization of the prostate [PVP] which would be allowed)Xx_NEWLINE_xXOvarian cancer, primary peritoneal, and fallopian tube participants in the Phase 1 and Phase 1-T portions of this trial must have either measurable cancer by RECIST 1.1 criteria or an elevated cancer antigen (CA)125 level at least twice the upper limit of normal on two separate occasions at least 1 day but not more than 3 months apart; at least one of the samples should be within 1 week of starting treatment; patients with both an elevated CA125 and measurable cancer will be followed by RECIST 1.1 criteria; patients with only an elevated CA125 level will be followed by modified Gynecologic Cancer Intergroup (GCIG) criteriaXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with synchronous primary endometrial cancer, or a past history of primary endometrial cancer, are excluded, unless all of the following conditions are met: Stage not greater than IB; no more than superficial myometrial invasion, without vascular or lymphatic invasion; no poorly differentiated subtypes, including papillary serous, clear cell or other FIGO Grade 3 lesions.Xx_NEWLINE_xXNo other malignancy except for non-melanomatous skin cancer, early stage prostate cancer (T < 2a and prostate specific antigen [PSA] < 10 and glucosinolates [GLS] < 7) or a carcinoma not of head and neck origin disease free for > 5 yrsXx_NEWLINE_xXSubject must understand that while they are on study they cannot have any concurrent curative therapy for their cancer other than what is outlined in the protocolXx_NEWLINE_xXAny concurrent anti-cancer therapy, excluding hormonal therapy for prostate or breast cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with well differentiated thyroid cancer are eligible for protocol as follows:Xx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent use of other anti-cancer agents or treatmentsXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have histologically documented metastatic or unresectable non-small cell lung cancer, head and neck cancer, urothelial transitional cell carcinoma, or breast cancer whose disease has progressed after at least one line of standard therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXKaposi’s sarcoma pathologically confirmed by Center for Cancer Research (CCR) pathologyXx_NEWLINE_xXIncidental histologic finding of prostate cancer (TNM stage of T1a or T1b)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with suspected colorectal cancer with nodules in the lung or liver (1-2 cm in diameter) will be eligible for this study.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with suspected lung cancer with nodules in the lung or liver (1-2 cm in diameter) will be eligible for this study.Xx_NEWLINE_xXIncidental histologic finding of prostate cancer (TNM stage of T1a or T1b)Xx_NEWLINE_xXprostate biopsy with ?10 core biopsies demonstrating 1 or more cores positive for cancer cells, within 6 months prior to treatment;Xx_NEWLINE_xXprior treatment for prostate cancer, other than EBRT or hormone therapy;Xx_NEWLINE_xXprostate seroma/abscess;Xx_NEWLINE_xXLow-risk prostate cancer with Gleason score <7 and prostate-specific antigen <10 mg/mLXx_NEWLINE_xXAny other cancer from which the subject has been disease-free for ?2 yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXPhase l: Melanoma, RCC, triple negative breast cancer, bladder cancer, head and neck cancer or non-small cell lung cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHas recurrent rectal or rectosigmoid cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of metastatic lung cancer, with histologic confirmation of the primary NSCLC histology and with at least one lesion amenable for intra-tumoral injection of MV-NIS.Xx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent use of other anti-cancer agents or treatmentsXx_NEWLINE_xXInadequate washout of prohibited hormonally active agents or other prior treatments for prostate cancer (PCa)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic anti-cancer therapy for small cell lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXThe participant does not have significant side effects from previous anti-cancer treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPathologically confirmed diagnosis of malignant pleural mesothelioma at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXAny other cancer from which the subject has been disease-free for ?3 yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXConfirmed solid or hematological TP53 null type cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious radical surgery (prostatectomy) or cryosurgery for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious or concurrent cytotoxic chemotherapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have either heregulin-positive cancer, cancer with RAS mutation, IGF-1 positive cancer, or RAS wild type cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXFor patients with oropharyngeal cancer, p16 status is known or can be determinedXx_NEWLINE_xXTreatment with abiraterone acetate prior to enzalutamide for metastatic castration - resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) in the prechemotherapy setting. (Note: Patients who have received concomitant enzalutamide and abiraterone acetate therapies are not excluded).Xx_NEWLINE_xXHave abnormal digital rectal examination, or abnormal prostate specific antigen (> 4.0 ng/ml), or obstructing prostate, or biopsy proven prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXScheduled for prostate surgery, i.e. transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) or prostatectomyXx_NEWLINE_xXToxic effects of previous anti-cancer chemotherapy, experimental cancer therapy, or cancer immunotherapy have not normalized.Xx_NEWLINE_xXIndividuals with KRAS-mutated metastatic or recurrent non-small cell lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXThe cancer has no proven effective therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with surgery for a prior ipslilateral lung cancer are excludedXx_NEWLINE_xXMetastatic asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) patients who are eligible for sipuleucel-TXx_NEWLINE_xXConcomitant malignancy other than NSCLC that requires active therapy; prior malignancies are allowed as long as the disease is controlled and does not require ongoing therapy of any kind; prior therapy must have concluded at least 1 year before treatment initiation on this protocol; exceptions are non-melanoma skin cancer, prostate cancer and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) treated with local intervention and deemed cured, cervical cancer and carcinoma in situ (CIS) treated with local intervention and deemed cured, and laryngeal cancer and CIS treated with local intervention and deemed curedXx_NEWLINE_xXMolecular characterization of non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer will be recommended prior to enrollment per standard of care/institutional guidelines; consistent with current National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines and the recent Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approval indication of erlotinib for first-line treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer in persons with tumor EGFR mutations, participants who have known EGFR sensitizing mutations in tumors will be permitted to enter the study and receive erlotinib as initial monotherapy; for participants who have received one or more prior lines of chemotherapy, molecular characterization of tumors is required whenever possible with an understanding that inability to obtain sufficient tissue specimen for characterization will not preclude enrollment into the studyXx_NEWLINE_xXAt least 14 days between ibrutinib initiation and last cancer therapy; any number of prior cancer therapies is permitted; patients otherwise fit for blood or marrow transplantation (BMT) should receive second-line chemotherapy before considering enrollmentXx_NEWLINE_xXHistologic or cytologic confirmed locally advanced or metastatic small cell lung cancer, ovarian cancer, or cervical cancer (Part 1); small cell lung cancer and ovarian cancer (Part 2)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with ovarian and small cell lung cancer must have failed initial therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXCRPC subjects: Must have measurable disease by either: RECIST1.1 or a minimum PSA of 5 nanogram/milliliter; Disease progression on last line of therapy and must have progressed on abiraterone, enzalutamide, or taxane chemotherapy; Subjects may continue GnRH agonists; Small cell prostate cancer is eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXasymptomatic prostate cancer without known metastatic disease and with no current requirement for therapy or requiring only hormonal therapy and with normal prostate specific antigen for ? 1 year prior to enrollment, orXx_NEWLINE_xXIf < 3 cores then at least one prostate core must contain >= 30% prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXRegistered with Clinical Trials Office at Karmanos Cancer Institute/Wayne State UniversityXx_NEWLINE_xXHave had anti-cancer treatment following liver resection that exceeded a duration of 6 months.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHave a confirmed diagnosis of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXThe patient has a history of another primary cancer, with the exception of:Xx_NEWLINE_xXOther primary solid tumor with no known active disease presents that in the opinion of the investigator that will not affect patient outcome in the setting of current prostate cancer diagnosis.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistologically confirmed biliary tract or gallbladder cancer that have relapsed or are refractory after one prior gemcitabine-based chemotherapy regimen for advanced biliary cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXAny prior treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer, except for use of palliative radiosensitizersXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with measurable brain metastasis(es) resulting from small cell lung cancer and/or germ cell malignancyXx_NEWLINE_xXAnticipated or ongoing administration of anti-cancer therapies other than those administered in this studyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with a history of any other cancer, unless in complete remission, and off all therapy for that disease for a minimum of 5 yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXNo other active cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXSurvivor of childhood cancer for ?5 years (N = 24) and no history of childhood cancer (N = 24)Xx_NEWLINE_xXlocalized prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXlocalized thyroid cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXDOSE ESCALATION COHORT ONLY: Adult patients with histologic documentation of an advanced solid tumor for whom gemcitabine and carboplatin would be appropriate first line therapy, including but not limited to urothelial cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic and ovarian carcinomaXx_NEWLINE_xXHas received at least 2 prior chemotherapeutic regimens for colorectal cancer;Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior cancer treatment for this cancer, including gross total tumor excisionXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with breast cancer that is pathologically confirmed at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) (pathology from outside institutions is acceptable for the screening phase of the protocol) and defined by the following:\r\n* HER2 negative (in cases of mixed HER2 results, the most recent pathology results considered reflective of the active cancer will be considered) \r\n* Previously treated with at least 1 chemotherapy regimen for metastatic disease and documented progressionXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have pathologically confirmed non-small cell lung cancer, including squamous, non-squamous, mixed histology, or large cellXx_NEWLINE_xXFor investigational anti-cancer therapies, the interval will be determined in consultation with the Medical Monitor.Xx_NEWLINE_xXFor Part 1b: Subjects with histologically or cytologically confirmed advanced or metastatic endometrial cancer, gastric cancer, melanoma, microsatellite unstable (MSI) colorectal cancer or other MMR-deficient tumors, non-small cell lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, triple negative breast cancer, pancreatic ductal carcinoma, or transitional cell carcinoma of the genitourinary tract that have had disease progression after available therapies for advanced or metastatic disease that are known to confer clinical benefit, been intolerant to treatment, or refused standard treatment.Xx_NEWLINE_xXIn patients with non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer, investigators must be able to produce source documentation of the EGFR mutation status or ALK translocation status.Xx_NEWLINE_xXNon-small cell lung cancer metastatic to the pleura that extends outside of the pleura requiring immediate therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXProstate cancer progression documented by PSA and/or radiographic progression according to prostate cancer working group 2 (PCWG2).Xx_NEWLINE_xXIncidental histologic finding of prostate cancer (TNM stage of T1a or T1b).Xx_NEWLINE_xXProgressive metastatic prostate cancer (positive bone scan or measurable disease) despite castrate levels of testosterone (either from orchiectomy or luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone [LHRH] agonist therapy)Xx_NEWLINE_xXNo other systemic therapies for prostate cancer within 28 days prior to initiation of this protocolXx_NEWLINE_xXNo history of radiopharmaceuticals (strontium, samarium) for prostate cancer treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXHormonal anticancer therapies except for LHRH antagonists or LHRH agonists in hormone-refractory prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have a prior diagnosis of cancer inside the thoracic cavity; both primary thoracic malignancies (such as lung cancer) as well as metastatic lesions (such as metastatic breast cancer or colorectal cancer to the lungs) are allowed; patient must have pathologic confirmation of the recurrent thoracic tumor, or have an enlarging thoracic mass (as seen on two computed tomography [CT] scans at least 6 weeks apart, with either a > 25% or > 5 mm increase in longest dimension)Xx_NEWLINE_xXAll stages of cancer are eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXPart B2: Hepatocellular cancer (excluding fibrolamellar carcinoma)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPart B4: Non-small cell lung cancer (squamous or non-squamous)Xx_NEWLINE_xXFor Part B4 (non-small cell lung cancer) only:Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistologically confirmed diagnosis of locally advanced, recurrent, and/or metastatic triple-negative breast cancer, ovarian cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, melanoma, or mesotheliomaXx_NEWLINE_xXPart B: Have a diagnosis of bladder cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXAdvanced solid tumors with histologic diagnosis confirming cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXAdvanced cervical or endometrial cancer, T3/T4 lesionsXx_NEWLINE_xXMetastatic cervical or uterine cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXBeing treated with other anti-cancer therapies (approved or investigational).Xx_NEWLINE_xXNon-small cell lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXSmall cell lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent administration of any anti-cancer therapies other than those administered in this studyXx_NEWLINE_xXOther major cancer in the past 3 years.Xx_NEWLINE_xXThyroid cancer histology or cytology that is aggressive (anaplastic/undifferentiated thyroid cancer, poorly differentiated thyroid cancer, Hurthle cell carcinoma, tall-cell variant of papillary thyroid cancer, sclerosing variant of papillary thyroid cancer)Xx_NEWLINE_xXFor dose escalation portion of the study: Patients must have a histologically or cytologically confirmed metastatic solid tumor that has shown clinical or pre-clinical evidence of responding to anti-PD-1 therapy or the capacity to up-regulate PD-L1; these tumor types may include but may not be limited to: renal cell carcinoma (RCC), urothelial carcinoma (UC), melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), small cell lung cancer, squamous cell cancer of the head and neck (SCCHN), ovarian carcinoma, triple negative breast cancer, gastric cancer, microsatellite instability expressing (MSI-high) colon cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, mesothelioma, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, endometrial carcinoma, liposarcomas, chondrosarcomas, and uterine sarcomas; patients with solid tumor types not listed above may be enrolled at the discretion of the principal investigatorXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have histological or cytological confirmed primary non-small cell lung cancer (adenocarcinoma, large cell carcinoma, squamous, or unspecified); disease must be stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); disease may be either newly diagnosed or recurrent after previous surgery and/or irradiation; primary or metastatic site for biopsy is allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXFor subjects with gastric cancer:Xx_NEWLINE_xXAny curable cancer with a complete response (CR) of > 5 years duration.Xx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent treatment for cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXMen aged 18 to 90 years with a histologic diagnosis of prostate cancer;Xx_NEWLINE_xXScheduled TRUS-guided biopsy because of clinically suspected prostate cancer (abnormal serum prostate-specific antigen [PSA] level and/or abnormal digital rectal examination)Xx_NEWLINE_xXNo treatment for prostate cancer has been administered or will be administered before TRUS guided biopsyXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosed colorectal cancer with oligometastatic colorectal cancer in the lungXx_NEWLINE_xXAppearance of 2 or more new bone lesions according to Prostate Cancer Working Group 2 (PCWG2).Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the prostate\r\n* In situations where pathology reports documenting prostate cancer are no longer available such as when the initial biopsy or prostatectomy was performed in the remote past, a documented history of prior prostate cancer and prostate cancer treatment in prior medical records will be sufficientXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent use of other investigational agents or other prostate cancer therapies (e.g., androgen deprivation therapy)Xx_NEWLINE_xXHas received other anti-cancer therapies other than IMO-8400 since enrolling in Protocol 8400-401.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior anti-cancer treatment for metastatic colorectal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistological or cytological confirmed metastatic colorectal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXRecurrent disease or second primary lung cancer (only de novo IIIA disease allowed)Xx_NEWLINE_xXBeing treated with other anti-cancer therapies (approved or investigational)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPure small cell carcinoma of the prostate or any mixed histology cancer of the prostate (eg: neuroendocrine) that contains < 50% adenocarcinoma, as observed on biopsy obtained at the time of diagnosis or on any subsequent biopsiesXx_NEWLINE_xXLife-threatening illness unrelated to cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects with metastatic colorectal cancer may continue “maintenance” therapy with capecitabine and/or bevacizumabXx_NEWLINE_xXPathologic evidence of advanced (non-operable or metastatic) biopsy-proven stage IV or recurrent lung cancer reviewed at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXReceived anti-cancer therapy, including antibody, retinoid, or hormonal treatment (except megestrol acetate as supportive care), and radiation, within 3 weeks before dosing. Prior and concurrent use of hormone replacement therapy, the use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone modulators for prostate cancer, and the use of somatostatin and analogs for neuroendocrine tumors are permittedXx_NEWLINE_xXPresence of another active cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have histological proof of a cancer - melanoma, breast, or lung cancer - which has spread to the CNS or glioblastoma (GBM) or other primary malignant neoplasm of the CNS which has been treated with standard treatments, which may include radiation, and must be measurable (RECIST).Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of another primary cancer, with the exception of:Xx_NEWLINE_xXPart I Histologically- or cytologically-confirmed advanced solid tumors that are refractory to standard therapy or for which no standard therapy exist. Part II Arm A have head and neck cancer or K-Ras wild type EGFR expressing colon cancer, Arm B, have non small cell lung cancer, Arm C, have BRAF V600E mutated melanoma and Arm D have HER2 positive breast or gastric cancer that has progressed following one or more treatments for advanced or metastatic disease.Xx_NEWLINE_xXNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that is either EGFR or ALK mutatedXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious systemic therapy to treat small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Subjects with recurrent or progressive limited-stage SCLC after previous systemic treatment are not eligible for study participation.Xx_NEWLINE_xXAdditionally, for patients who are considered for enrollment into the indication specific expansion cohorts in Stage 2, the current cancer must be either KRAS-mutant colorectal cancer (CRC) or KRAS-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistologically or cytologically confirmed diagnosis of one of the following solid tumor malignancies for which no standard therapeutic alternatives exist: bladder cancer, breast cancer, castrate-resistant prostate cancer, cervical cancer, colorectal cancer (CRC), gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, squamous cancers of the head and neck region (including parotid and nasopharynx).Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistologic or cytologic confirmation of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXColorectal cancer (for patients enrolled to expansion part)Xx_NEWLINE_xXNasopharyngeal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistologic or cytologic confirmed diagnosis of small cell lung cancer, either limited or extensive disease at initial presentation is allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXPathologic evidence of Small Cell Lung Cancer, or Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXLife-threatening illness unrelated to cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of a chronic pulmonary disorder (a diagnosis of lung cancer is not required as the symptom of dyspnea, not cancer itself, is targeted)Xx_NEWLINE_xXIf diagnosed with lung cancer, must have completed definitive treatment more than 6 months priorXx_NEWLINE_xXLife-threatening illness unrelated to cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXCo-administration of anti-cancer therapies other than those administered in this studyXx_NEWLINE_xXHistologic diagnosis of small cell or neuroendocrine prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior pathology consistent with small cell carcinoma or prostate cancer with predominantly neuroendocrine differentiationXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with known evidence of active cancers, or other cancer under active treatment; exceptions include patients with no evidence of disease receiving adjuvant hormone-based therapy or either breast or prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects in the Phase 2 portion must have squamous cell Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients may not have received any prior pharmacologic therapy or RT for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior treatment with taxane therapy for either colorectal cancer or small bowel adenocarcinomaXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent use of other anti-cancer agents or treatmentsXx_NEWLINE_xXMust have Non-small Cell Lung Cancer with ALK+ mutation or other mutations or rearrangements potentially sensitive to crizotinibXx_NEWLINE_xXProstate cancer with the following pathological characteristics:\r\n* Gleason sum >= 8 AND at least 2 discrete core biopsies containing a minimum of 20% cancer OR\r\n* Gleason pattern 4 + 3 = 7 AND greater than 50% of biopsies positive for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistologically confirmed non-small cell lung cancer with < 50% squamous-cell non-small cell lung cancer or colorectal cancer for which no potentially curative treatment options are availableXx_NEWLINE_xXTherapy with rosiglitazone (Avandia) or pioglitazone (Actos) at any time since the diagnosis of thyroid cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects with non-small cell lung cancer and triple-negative breast cancer are preferredXx_NEWLINE_xXAnticipated or ongoing administration of anti-cancer therapies other than those administrated in this studyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior surgery or chemotherapy for this presentation of lung cancer (history of prior lung cancer that has been treated and deemed inactive by the clinician is acceptable; recurrent tumors may be treated on protocol as long as SBRT will be the definitive treatment)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior cancer vaccines are not allowed, with the exception as specified in protocolXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXA minimum of 4 Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (Sq-NSCLC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXNasopharyngeal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXprostate cancer < Gleason score 6 with stable prostate-specific antigen (PSA) over 12 monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXtreated medullary or papillary thyroid cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistopathological confirmation of prostate cancer by the Laboratory of Pathology of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) or Walter Reed National Military Medical Center prior to entering this study; patients enrolled at participating sites may have histopathological confirmation at the enrolling center prior to entering the study; patients whose pathology specimens are no longer available may be enrolled if the patient has a clinical course that is consistent with prostate cancer and available documentation from an outside pathology laboratory of the diagnosis; all efforts should be made to have the material forwarded to the research team for use in correlative studies in cases where original tissue blocks or archival biopsy material is availableXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have had chemotherapy for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXSome prior cancer therapies are not consistent with eligibility; specifically:Xx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent severe uncontrolled illness not related to cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent use of other anti-cancer agents or treatmentsXx_NEWLINE_xXInclusion Criteria:\n\n        Pre-screening Parts 1, 2, and 3\n\n          -  Male or female at least 18 years of age at the time of signing the informed consent\n             form and capable of giving written informed consent, which includes compliance with\n             the requirements and restrictions listed in the consent form.\n\n          -  Performance Status score of 0 or 1 according to the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group\n             (ECOG) scale.\n\n          -  Able to swallow and retain orally administered medication.\n\n          -  Sufficient archival tumor biopsy specimen is available for PTEN IHC analysis, or\n             subject is willing to undergo a fresh tumor biopsy for PTEN IHC analysis.\n\n        Pre-screening Parts 1 and 2 only\n\n          -  Histologically or cytologically confirmed diagnosis of one of the following solid\n             tumor malignancies that is not responsive to standard therapies or for which there is\n             no approved or curative therapy or for subjects that refuse standard therapy:\n             Endometrial cancer (endometriod), Prostate cancer, Ovarian cancer, Non-small cell lung\n             cancer, Breast cancer (ER, PR, and HER2 negative), Gastric adenocarcinoma, Colorectal\n             cancer, Head/neck squamous cell carcinoma, Melanoma, or Glioblastoma multiformae at\n             first or second recurrence (more specific disease history is detailed in the study\n             protocol).\n\n        Pre-screening Part 3 only\n\n          -  Must have tumor amenable to biopsy Pre-screening Part 3 CRPC cohort only: prostate\n             adenocarcinoma, surgically castrated or continuously medically castrated (for greater\n             than or equal to 8 weeks prior to pre-screening), and\n\n          -  persistent disease with evidence of disease progression following standard\n             therapy(ies) including prior treatment with docetaxel and androgen/androgen receptor\n             directed therapy, including enzalutamide and/or abiraterone\n\n          -  serum testosterone level <1.7 nmol/L or <50 ng/dL\n\n          -  PSA level of greater than or equal to 2.0 ng/mL For CRC cohort: CRC with persistent\n             disease with evidence of disease progression following standard therapy(ies) that\n             included multi-agent chemotherapy regimen(s) with exposure to oxaliplatin and\n             irinotecan.\n\n        For Signal-finding Expansion Cohort: one of the specified tumor types that is not\n        responsive to standard therapies, or for which there is no approved or curative therapy, or\n        for which subjects have refused standard therapy, including:\n\n          -  Triple negative breast cancer (ER, PR, and HER2 negative), Endometriod, Gastric,\n             Glioblastoma multiformae, Head/neck squamous cell carcinoma, Melanoma, Non-small cell\n             lung cancer, Ovarian Screening Parts 1, 2 includes Pre-screening criteria (above) and\n\n          -  For Parts 1 and 2, histologically or cytologically confirmed diagnosis of one of the\n             following solid tumor malignancies that is not responsive to standard therapies or for\n             which there is no approved or curative therapy or for subjects that refuse standard\n             therapy: Endometrial cancer (endometriod), Prostate cancer, Ovarian cancer, Non-small\n             cell lung cancer, Breast cancer (ER, PR, and HER2 negative), Gastric adenocarcinoma,\n             Colorectal cancer, Head/neck squamous cell carcinoma, Melanoma, or Glioblastoma\n             multiformae at first or second recurrence (more specific disease history is detailed\n             in the study protocol). For Part 3, histologically or cytologically confirmed\n             diagnosis of one of the following solid tumor malignancies that is not responsive to\n             standard therapies or for which there is no approved or curative therapy or for\n             subjects that refuse standard therapy: Endometrial cancer (endometriod), Prostate\n             cancer, or Gastric adenocarcinoma.\n\n          -  All prior treatment-related toxicities must be National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common\n             Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE), Version 4.0, <=Grade 1 (except\n             alopecia) at the time of treatment allocation with the exception of peripheral\n             neuropathy, which must be <=Grade 2.\n\n          -  Adequate organ system function defined as ANC greater than or equal to 1X10^9/L\n             without growth factor in the past 7 days, hemoglobin greater than or equal to 9g/dL\n             without transfusion in the past 7 days, platelets greater than or equal to 75X10^9/L\n             without transfusion in the past 7 days, PT/INR and PTT less than or equal to 1.5XULN,\n             total bilirubin less than or equal to 1.5XULN (isolated bilirubin >1.5XULN is\n             acceptable if bilirubin is fractionated and direct bilirubin <35%), AST and ALT less\n             than or equal to 2.5XULN (AST/ALT can be up to 4XULN in the presence of liver\n             metastasis, but cannot be associated with elevated bilirubin), calculated creatinine\n             clearance or 24-hour urine creatinine clearance greater than or equal to 50mL/min,\n             cardiac ejection fraction greater than or equal to LLN by echocardiography.\n\n          -  Women of childbearing potential and men with reproductive potential must be willing to\n             practice acceptable methods of birth control prior to and after the start of dosing.\n             Additionally, women of childbearing potential must have a negative serum pregnancy\n             test within 14 days prior to the first dose of study medication.\n\n          -  Subjects must have tumors with a documented PTEN deficiency using an analytically\n             validated IHC assay or other correlative assay (e.g., FISH). Determination of PTEN\n             deficiency using archival tumor is acceptable. Where archival tissue is not available\n             or does not confirm PTEN deficiency, a fresh tumor sample will be acceptable for\n             screening, and those with PTEN deficiency will be eligible.\n\n          -  Subjects enrolled as part of PD expansion group (Part 2) must agree to undergo pre-\n             and on-treatment tumor biopsies.\n\n        Screening Part 3 includes Pre-screening criteria (above) and\n\n          -  UPC <0.2\n\n          -  Must continue to have tumor amenable to biopsy\n\n          -  Must agree to undergo both pre-treatment and on-treatment tumor biopsies\n\n          -  Male Subjects of Reproductive Potential: Subjects must agree to use effective\n             contraception throughout the treatment period and for five days after the last dose of\n             study treatment.\n\n        Exclusion Criteria:\n\n        Pre-screening Parts 1, 2, and 3\n\n          -  Presence of any clinically significant GI abnormalities or other condition that may\n             alter absorption such as malabsorption syndrome or major resection of the stomach or\n             bowels.\n\n          -  History of congenital platelet function defect (e.g., Bernard-Soulier syndrome,\n             Chediak-Higashi syndrome, Glanzmann thrombasthenia, storage pool defect)\n\n          -  Any serious or unstable pre-existing medical, psychiatric, or other condition\n             (including laboratory abnormalities) that could interfere with subject's safety or\n             providing informed consent.\n\n        Screening Parts 1, 2 includes Pre-screening criteria (above) and\n\n          -  Subject has had chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, or other anti-cancer\n             therapy including investigational drugs within 14 days prior to the first dose of the\n             investigational drug described in this study. Hormonal (e.g., anti-androgen) therapies\n             for prostate cancer must be stopped 4 to 6 weeks prior to enrolment. NOTE: Subjects\n             with prostate cancer may remain on LHRH agonists. Subjects with prostate cancer may\n             remain on low-dose prednisone or prednisolone (up to 10 mg per day) and still be\n             eligible for this study.\n\n          -  Current use of prohibited medication during treatment with GSK2636771. Current use of\n             aspirin, clopidogrel, ticlopidine, prasugrel, or ticagrelor is prohibited.\n             Anticoagulants are permitted only if the subject meets PTT and INR entry criteria.\n             Their use must be monitored in accordance with local institutional practice.\n\n          -  Active peptic ulcer disease or history of abdominal fistula, GI perforation, or intra\n             abdominal abscess within 28 days prior to beginning study treatment.\n\n          -  Any major surgery within the last four weeks.\n\n          -  Poorly controlled hypertension (defined as systolic blood pressure of >=150 mmHg or\n             diastolic blood pressure of >100 mmHg based on a mean of 3 measurements at\n             approximately 2-minute intervals). NOTE: Initiation or adjustment of antihypertensive\n             medication(s) is permitted prior to study entry.\n\n          -  Known active infection requiring parenteral or oral anti-infective treatment.\n\n          -  Evidence of severe or uncontrolled systemic diseases (e.g., unstable or uncompensated\n             respiratory, hepatic, renal or cardiac disease).\n\n          -  Subjects with brain metastases of non-central nervous system (CNS) primary tumors are\n             excluded if their brain metastases are:\n\n               -  Symptomatic\n\n               -  Treated (surgery, radiation therapy) but not clinically and radiographically\n                  stable one month after local therapy (as assessed by contrast enhanced magnetic\n                  resonance imaging [MRI] or computed tomography [CT]), OR\n\n               -  Asymptomatic and untreated but >1 cm in the longest dimension\n\n               -  Subjects with small (<=1 cm in the longest dimension), asymptomatic brain\n                  metastases that do not need immediate local therapy can be enrolled.\n\n               -  NOTE: Subjects on a stable (i.e., unchanged) dose of corticosteroids for more\n                  than one month, or those who have been off corticosteroids for at least 2 weeks\n                  can be enrolled. Subjects must also be off of enzyme-inducing anticonvulsants for\n                  more than 4 weeks\n\n          -  QTcF interval >=470 msecs. If a screening QTcF is >=470 msecs, it should be repeated 2\n             additional times at least 5 minutes apart and the average of the 3 readings should be\n             used to determine eligibility.\n\n          -  Other clinically significant ECG abnormalities including 2nd degree (Type II) or 3rd\n             degree atrioventricular block.\n\n          -  History of myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndromes (including unstable\n             angina), coronary angioplasty, or stenting or bypass grafting within the past 6\n             months.\n\n          -  Class III or IV heart failure as defined by the New York Heart Association functional\n             classification system.\n\n          -  Baseline cardiac troponin (cT-n) >10% coefficient of variance (CV).\n\n          -  Known hypersensitivity to any of the components of the study treatment.\n\n          -  Pregnant or lactating female.\n\n          -  Any malignancy related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or solid organ\n             transplant; history of known HIV, history of known Hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface\n             antigen positivity (subjects with documented laboratory evidence of HBV clearance may\n             be enrolled) or positive Hepatitis C virus antibody confirmed by recombinant\n             immunoblot assay.\n\n        Screening Part 3 includes Pre-screening criteria (above) and\n\n          -  Prior treatment with: Anti-cancer therapy (e.g., chemotherapy with delayed\n             toxicity,immunotherapy, biologic therapy or chemoradiation) within 21 days (or within\n             42 days if prior nitrosourea or mitomycin C containing therapy)prior to enrollment\n             and/or daily or weekly chemotherapy without the potential for delayed toxicity within\n             14 days prior to enrollment • Investigational drug(s) within 30 days or five\n             half-lives, whichever is longer, prior to enrollment\n\n          -  Current use of prohibited medication(s) or requirement for prohibited medication(s)\n             during study treatment NOTE: Current use of anticoagulants is permitted if the subject\n             meets the PTT and INR entry criteria (see Table 6) and monitored in accordance with\n             local institutional practice. NOTE: Subjects who are currently on an aspirin regimen\n             or using aspirin containing product(s) at the time of screening MUST agree to\n             discontinue aspirin or aspirin-containing product(s) at least 10 days prior to first\n             dose of study treatment. After study Day 22 and completion of all assessments to be\n             performed during this period, including tumor biopsies, the aspirin regimen or use of\n             aspirin-containing product(s) may be resumed CRPC cohort only: subjects may remain on\n             LHRH agonists (i.e., leuprolide, goserelin, triptorelin or histrelin), low dose\n             prednisone or prednisolone (up to 10 mg/day), or bisphosphonates (if on stable dose\n             for at least four weeks) without interruption and remain eligible for this study.\n\n          -  Any unresolved greater than or equal to Grade 2 (per CTCAE, v 4.0) toxicity from\n             previous anti-cancer therapy, except alopecia or Grade 2 anemia (if hemoglobin is\n             greater than or equal to 9.0 g/dL)\n\n          -  Any greater than or equal to Grade 3 (per CTCAE, v 4.0) electrolyte abnormality\n\n          -  Any greater than or equal to Grade 2 (per CTCAE, v 4.0) hypocalcemia (except where\n             ionized calcium is less than or equal to Grade 1), hypokalemia, hyponatremia,\n             hypomagnesemia, or symptomatic hypophosphatemia\n\n          -  Active peptic ulcer disease or history of abdominal fistula, GI perforation, or\n             intraabdominal abscess within 28 days prior to enrollment\n\n          -  Previous major surgery within 28 days prior to enrollment\n\n          -  Poorly controlled hypertension (defined as systolic blood pressure of ?150 mmHg or\n             diastolic blood pressure of >100 mmHg based on a mean of three measurements at\n             approximately 2-minute intervals) NOTE: Initiation or adjustment of antihypertensive\n             medication(s) is permitted within 30 days prior to enrollment.\n\n          -  Known active infection requiring IV or oral anti-infective treatment\n\n          -  Evidence of severe or uncontrolled systemic diseases (e.g., unstable or uncompensated\n             respiratory, hepatic, renal or cardiac disease)\n\n          -  SubjectXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic therapy for lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXCancer should be staged via American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) as IIIA or IIIBXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior therapy, with the intent to treat, the current diagnosis of lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXCancer should be staged via American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) as IIA, IIB, or III (T3 or T4, any N, M0)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrimary colorectal cancer diagnosisXx_NEWLINE_xXProstate cancer progression documented by 1 of the following: PSA progression according to Prostate Cancer Working Group 2 (PCWG2) criteria, radiographic progression by modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) or bone scanXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior ketoconazole for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior anti-cancer treatment permitted (with specific criteria)Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects with squamous non-small cell lung cancer and triple-negative breast cancer or other solid tumor types for which Notch activation has been demonstrated (such as pancreatic, ovarian and melanoma) during dose expansionXx_NEWLINE_xXCastrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) with bone metastasis: --Progressive Disease in the setting of castrate level of testosteroneXx_NEWLINE_xXNeuroendocrine prostate cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have known HIV infection and histologically confirmed solid malignancy that is metastatic or unresectable and is therefore incurable; although the focus of this trial will be on upper aerodigestive cancers (non-small cell lung cancer, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and non-gastroesophageal junction esophageal cancer), patients with other incurable solid tumor with disease potentially sensitive to carboplatin and/or taxanes (including but not limited to salivary gland cancer, gastric cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, or anal cancer, BUT excluding Kaposi sarcoma), will be eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXThe participant's tumor fully or partially contains Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC).Xx_NEWLINE_xXHave discontinued previous treatments for cancer and recovered from the acute effects of therapy (for example, at least 42 days for mitomycin-C or nitrosoureas, 28 days for other chemotherapy and biologics. At the discretion of the investigator, hormone refractory prostate cancer patients who are stable on gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist therapy and breast cancer patients who are stable on antiestrogen therapy (for example, an aromatase inhibitor) may continue treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent use of other anti-cancer agents or treatmentsXx_NEWLINE_xXTumor wholly or partially contains small cell lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXBaseline cancer antigen (CA)-125 must be >= 70 units/mLXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of metastatic malignant melanoma or metastatic renal cell cancer confirmed by the Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute (NCI)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent use of alternative cancer therapiesXx_NEWLINE_xXMetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior ketoconazole for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients that have a probable diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer, of any stage, with obstructive or hemorrhagic endobronchial disease will be considered for enrollmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients that have endobronchial lung cancer that is obstructive or hemorrhagic, but do not wish to undergo PDT therapy will be eligible to participate in the non-treatment groupXx_NEWLINE_xXIncidental histological finding of prostate cancer (TNM stage of T1a or T1b)Xx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior anti-cancer treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have KRAS/NRAS/BRAF wild-type colorectal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects must have melanoma or lung cancer or renal cell carcinoma and received ipilimumab or nivolumab as a single treatment or in combinationXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects on anti-cancer medication whether biologic or pharmaceuticalXx_NEWLINE_xXHistological documentation of adenocarcinoma of the prostate reviewed at MD Anderson Cancer Center; patients with small cell, neuroendocrine, or transitional cell carcinomas are not eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have at least three core biopsies involved with cancer (a minimum of 6 core biopsies must be obtained at baseline); at least 1 core with Gleason sum >= 8; a prostate biopsy within 3 months from screening is allowed for entry requirementsXx_NEWLINE_xXPrimary diagnosis of prostate cancer selected for surgical intervention by one of the six protocol surgeons (Chapin, Davis, Matin, Pettaway, Pisters, Ward)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrimary diagnosis of untreated with clinically localized prostate cancer with Gleason score of 6, 7,8 or 9Xx_NEWLINE_xXPresence of previous or concomitant neoplasm with exclusion of in situ cervical cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXAny advanced solid malignancy will be eligible, with a strong preference for tumors that are known to commonly harbor defects in homologous recombination repair including triple-negative breast cancer, high-grade serous ovarian cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, small cell lung cancer, mesothelioma castration-resistant prostate cancer, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, gastric cancer and head & neck squamous cell cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects on anti-cancer medication whether biologic or pharmaceuticalXx_NEWLINE_xXOther active malignancy requiring therapy; exceptions: non-melanotic skin cancer or any cancer that in the judgment of the investigator will not interfere with treatment plan and response assessment; patients with >= 25% of the bone marrow radiated for other diseases are not eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXBiopsy proven non-small cell lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have a biopsy proven newly diagnosed locally confined, stage T1a, T2a or T2b prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHas ?20% of cancer in any biopsy core,Xx_NEWLINE_xXHas ? 7 mm of cancer in any biopsy core,Xx_NEWLINE_xXHave had prior or current prostate cancer therapies:Xx_NEWLINE_xXBiologic therapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHormonal therapy for prostate cancer within three months of procedure,Xx_NEWLINE_xXFor dose expansion cohort, patients must have histologic or cytologic confirmed non-small cell lung cancer that are not curableXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXWomen who report that their motivation/desire for sexual intimacy has decreased since her cancer diagnosisXx_NEWLINE_xXEligible patients will have either confirmed or suspected new diagnosis of lung cancer and have sought a surgical consult relating to this diagnosisXx_NEWLINE_xXFemale patients presenting with initial diagnosis of any type of cancerXx_NEWLINE_xX6-60 months post-treatment (surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and/or maintenance therapies) for cancer; time frame applies to most recent completion of treatment if participant had a cancer recurrence; it is acceptable to be on hormonal therapiesXx_NEWLINE_xXProgressive cancer (must be considered no evidence of disease or stable)Xx_NEWLINE_xXAny current smoker who meets the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) eligibility criteria for lung cancer screening will be eligible for our intervention; thus, patients with a history of lung and/or other cancer(s) (who do not have current signs or symptoms of lung cancer) will be eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of cervical cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient has a primary diagnosis of localized prostate cancer (T1; T2, N=0 M=0; T3, N=0, M=0)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatient has had previous definitive treatment for localized prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXT4 cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPast history of any lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXProgressive cancer (must be considered no evidence of disease or stable)Xx_NEWLINE_xXA diagnosis of cancer with no restrictions placed on type of cancer, other than that patients with metastatic disease will be excluded; eligibility criteria are not restricted to Memorial Sloan Kettering (MSK) confirmed biopsy/diagnosis; participating institution's testing is sufficient for other study sitesXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients diagnosed with localized prostate cancer who are about to receive definitive treatment with either radiation with or without androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) or prostatectomy AND who also have a spouse or been in a committed relationship with their partner for at least 6 months who is willing to participate in the studyXx_NEWLINE_xXAnyone with a previous cancer diagnosis (excluding skin cancer)Xx_NEWLINE_xXMust be diagnosed with prostate cancer and on active surveillance within the past 36 months (or the spouse or significant other of someone with prostate cancer on active surveillance)\r\n* While AS criteria for each program varies slightly, all programs use the following clinical and pathological criteria:\r\n** Clinical stage T1c or T2a prostate cancer, verified by a participating urologist\r\n** Diagnosis of prostate cancer made on a 12 core needle biopsy (if any of this information was unavailable prior to consent or on the diagnostic biopsy report, the eligibility was contingent on either urologist review of the diagnostic biopsy or the pathological data from the confirmation biopsy)\r\n** Biopsy Gleason score =< 6 OR Gleason score 7 (3+4 ONLY), with =< 3 cores positiveXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient has uncontrolled cancer pain despite analgesic therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXRadiation treatment for this cancer was completed (or will be completed) at MD Anderson Cancer Center (post-RT study only)Xx_NEWLINE_xXReceiving radiation treatment for this cancer at any site within the MDACC Cancer Network (Cancer Network study only)Xx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of stages II-IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients scheduled for radical prostatectomy for the treatment of prostate cancer with one of the consenting surgeons at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients scheduled for radical prostatectomy for the treatment of prostate cancer with one of the consenting surgeons at MSKCCXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients scheduled for minimally-invasive radical prostatectomy for the treatment of prostate cancer with one of the consenting surgeons at MSKCCXx_NEWLINE_xXIndividuals who have been diagnosed with lung cancer\r\n* Individuals are eligible regardless of date of diagnosis (newly diagnosed or long-term survivor), pathology type or stage of lung cancer, or history of other cancersXx_NEWLINE_xXHistological diagnosis of cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who will receive induction chemotherapy followed by combined chemoradiotherapy at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) for localized stage I-III esophageal or gastroesophageal junction cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXBe a cancer care provider (CCP) working at one of the above cancer centersXx_NEWLINE_xXHave direct contact with cancer patientsXx_NEWLINE_xXNewly diagnosed prostate cancer (PCa) (within 3-months).Xx_NEWLINE_xXHave pursued any active therapy for prostate cancer will be excluded.Xx_NEWLINE_xXA diagnosis of either non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), small cell lung cancer (SCLC), or mesothelioma, not being treated with a curative intentXx_NEWLINE_xXPrimary cancer care at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center or Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI)Xx_NEWLINE_xXAIM 2: Have an actual or potential diagnosis of thoracic cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects may have received up to one or two doses of their planned chemotherapy prior to enrollment; otherwise the restrictions for prior therapy:\r\n* Breast cancer subjects may have received curative-intent chemotherapy for a separate malignancy more than 3 years ago\r\n* Prostate cancer subjects may have received prior treatment with metronomic cyclophosphamide as this is considered anti-angiogenic/immunomodulatory and not cytotoxic\r\n* Prostate cancer subjects may be receiving a 2nd course of docetaxel provided that \r\n** The first course resulted in a prostate specific antigen (PSA) response (> 30% reduction in PSA and/or improvement in radiographic findings or pain) and the last dose was >= 9 months agoXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with advanced cancer who are receiving treatment at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI) in the thoracic oncology group and the DFCI-affiliated St. Elizabeth’s HospitalXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXSecondary cancer diagnosis (prior or current) within the past 5 yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXMen with a new histologic diagnosis of localized prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXIndividuals with a medical condition that necessitates a specific prostate cancer treatment planXx_NEWLINE_xXHave a diagnosis of cancer or a caregiver to a cancer survivorXx_NEWLINE_xX15 to 39 years of age at diagnosis of first cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPHASE I: Any diagnosis of cancer prior to age 21Xx_NEWLINE_xXPHASE II: Any diagnosis of cancer prior to age 21Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious diagnosis of cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXCancer survivor, with no evidence of active diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXBilateral disease (diagnosed cancer in both breasts)Xx_NEWLINE_xXUse of herbal products that may have hormonal anti-prostate cancer activity and/or are known to decrease PSA values (e.g., saw palmetto) or systemic corticosteroids for prostate cancer within 4 weeks of day 29 visit (start of enzalutamide and ADT)Xx_NEWLINE_xXmetastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) that is microsatellite stable (MSS)Xx_NEWLINE_xXHas cancer outside of the oropharynx, larynx, and hypopharynx or oral cavity, such as nasopharyngeal, sinus, other para-nasal, or other unknown primary head and neck cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXMust have 3 core biopsies involved with cancer; prostate biopsy must be within seven months from screening; less than 3 core biopsies is allowed if the patient has > 1 cm or T3 disease on MRIXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy, radiation therapy for the treatment of prostate cancer, or immunotherapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXIndividuals with a history of another malignancy are not eligible if the cancer is under active treatment or the cancer can be seen on radiology scans or if they are off cancer treatment but in the opinion of their oncologist have a high risk of relapse within 5 yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXOther active cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosed with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), small cell lung cancer, or mesothelioma, being treated with non-curative intent, and informed of advanced disease within the prior eight weeksXx_NEWLINE_xXPrimary cancer care at one of the three participating sitesXx_NEWLINE_xXAre newly diagnosed with prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXMetastatic prostate cancer (hormone-sensitive, de novo, or castration resistant)Xx_NEWLINE_xXLocalized prostate cancer with Gleason score >= 8Xx_NEWLINE_xXProstate cancer diagnosed at age =< 55 yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXProstate cancer diagnosis and a family history potentially indicating a germline mutation (e.g. breast cancer diagnosed at age =< 50, ovarian, pancreatic, uterine, colorectal, prostate cancer or sarcoma, in one or more first or second degree relatives)Xx_NEWLINE_xXLocalized prostate cancer previously treated and in remission for >= 2 yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXDocumented pancreas cancer by cytology, or histologyXx_NEWLINE_xX(Patient participation) Diagnosis of advanced cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHave completed cancer-related treatment within the past 3 yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXPROSTATE CANCER COHORT:Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of a cancer diagnosisXx_NEWLINE_xXNo active cancer therapy (excluding chemoprevention) in the past three months, and no cancer therapy currently planned in the next 6 monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of cancer or caregiver of someone with cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXThis study will be conducted in patients and family caregivers who are scheduled to undergo lung or GI cancer surgery treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXSubject has had previous Spray Cryotherapy for esophageal cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHave completed active treatment for their cancer diagnosis (excluding hormonal therapy)Xx_NEWLINE_xXCancer treatment or follow-up for lymphoma at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer CenterXx_NEWLINE_xXAll patients undergoing RC for bladder cancer with urinary diversion at MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC).Xx_NEWLINE_xXAny active malignancies being treated other than bladder cancer (incidentally found prostate cancer at RC is acceptable).Xx_NEWLINE_xXSecondary cancer diagnosis within the last 5 yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXMen who do not reside in one of the four neighborhoods, who self-report that they have previously been diagnosed with prostate cancer, or who have had prostate cancer screening (prostatic specific antigen [PSA] or digital rectal examination [DRE]) within the past 12 monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXPancreatic cancer of any type, biopsy-provenXx_NEWLINE_xXRecurrent cancer following prior resectionXx_NEWLINE_xXNeuroendocrine cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPATIENT: Cancer diagnosis should have been made within five years from the next scheduled appointment to the DCCXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with uncontrolled pain related to cancer or cancer treatment; uncontrolled pain will be defined as\r\n* Pain which persists for more than 7 days and is rated >= 6 on NPRS\r\n* Use of breakthrough medication more than 4 times in 24 hours or being treated with oral morphine equivalent of 100 mg/d or moreXx_NEWLINE_xXMild cancer cachexia, determined as a proxy screening strategy, by an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of =< 2 and a history of mild to moderate weight loss (i.e. =< 10% loss of patient reported usual body weight (pre-cancer diagnosis); patients may also be eligible without a history of weight loss if their treating physician identifies mild cancer cachexia associated with a non-cancer related diagnosis (e.g. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD], etc.) and meets ECOG criteriaXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosed with stage 3 or 4 breast, cervical, colorectal, endometrial, hepatobiliary, lung, melanoma, gynecological, prostate cancer in the past six monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects must be diagnosed with differentiated thyroid cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXCompleted treatment for a head or neck cancer at this institution within 4 months of consent OR will complete treatment for a head and neck cancer at this institution within 3 weeks of consentXx_NEWLINE_xXThe participant does not have an active cancer diagnosisXx_NEWLINE_xXWorkshops B and C (2018 - 5 weeks - City of Hope)\r\n* Cancer patients (all types and at any time point in their disease)\r\n* Note: documentation to confirm this eligibility criteria will not be requested; self-reporting as a cancer patient will be considered adequateXx_NEWLINE_xXHave a diagnosis of incurable cancer of any type; at any time in the diagnosis as long as they have at least a 4 month life expectancy based on the opinion of the attending physicianXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of cancer with evidence of active diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXOutpatient at MD Anderson Cancer CenterXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient with a diagnosis of advanced cancer (metastatic or recurrent incurable solid tumors excluding prostate cancer)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXDesires to undergo ovarian stimulation and oocyte retrieval prior to cancer treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosed with prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXStarting or have started androgen deprivation therapy (oral or injection) for prostate cancer treatment within the last 3 monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXNot diagnosed with prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXNot receiving or planning to receive ADT for prostate cancer treatment within the last three monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXInitiating ADT for prostate cancer prior to the previous 3 months or are not on ADT holidayXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of RCC that is defined as metastatic by standard criteria (American Joint Committee on Cancer [AJCC] 7th edition, 2010)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPATIENT: Biopsy and/or radiograph proven diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, gallbladder carcinoma or breast, ovarian, or colorectal cancer with liver metastases with a life expectancy of at least one yearXx_NEWLINE_xXCAREGIVER: Spouse or cohabitating intimate partner of an advanced cancer patient being evaluated at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC)’s Liver Cancer Center (LCC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXLymphedema Group: No active cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXActive cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXNo Lymphedema Group: No active cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who are not receiving their primary cancer care and chemotherapy at MD Anderson Cancer CenterXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosed with incurable (defined as metastatic or receiving chemotherapy with palliative intent) esophageal, gastric, pancreas, hepatobiliary, colorectal, or lung cancer within the prior 8 weeks (including patients with prior diagnosis of cancer who developed incurable disease)Xx_NEWLINE_xXUndergoing primary resection of esophageal cancer and resultant esophagectomyXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosed with pancreatic, esophageal, rectal, colon, hepatobiliary, or gastric cancer (including patients with prior diagnosis of another cancer)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior diagnoses of any other type of cancer (excluding some skin cancers)Xx_NEWLINE_xXCurrent or past (< 6 months) engagement in PCST for cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXA diagnosis of pancreatic or other periampullary cancer is suspected preoperativelyXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of a cancer diagnosisXx_NEWLINE_xXNo active cancer therapy (excluding chemoprevention) in the past year, and no cancer therapy planned in the next 6 monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXCurrently a patient of Dr. Christian Nelson at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Counseling CenterXx_NEWLINE_xXA personal history of colorectal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXFinished with active cancer treatment within the past 4 years and are in the survivorship phase of careXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPoor diagnosis or other cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPHASE 3B: PATIENT ELIGIBILITY: At least 2 years from treatment for any pediatric cancer diagnosed at age 0-19Xx_NEWLINE_xXPHASE 2: PATIENT EXCLUSION CRITERIA: Patients with cancer diagnoses that are not typically considered pediatric cancer, including basal and squamous cell skin cancer, breast, colorectal, lung, melanoma, merkel cell skin cancer, ovarian, testicular, kidney cancer diagnosed at age > 17, and nasopharyngeal diagnosed at age > 17Xx_NEWLINE_xXPHASE 3A/3B: PATIENT EXCLUSION CRITERIA: Patients with cancer diagnoses that are not typically considered pediatric cancer, including basal and squamous cell skin cancer, breast, colorectal, lung, melanoma, merkel cell skin cancer, ovarian, testicular, kidney cancer diagnosed at age > 17, and nasopharyngeal diagnosed at age > 17Xx_NEWLINE_xXA new diagnosis (within 3 months) of advanced cancer and/or patients receiving ongoing care from a medical oncologist (solid tumors) or a new recurrence of the primary cancer in an advanced stageXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of curative-intent radiotherapy at MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC) for a new primary H&N cancer in past 15 yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXParents will be eligible if they have a diagnosis of incurable cancer of any typeXx_NEWLINE_xXHave a child 5-17 years old living at home who has been told their parent’s cancer diagnosisXx_NEWLINE_xXAny condition which might be worsened by estrogen, such as breast cancer, uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, endometriosis or uterine fibroidsXx_NEWLINE_xXHas been diagnosed with localized prostate cancer (i.e. pathologically and/or radiographically confirmed)Xx_NEWLINE_xXHas NOT been diagnosed with localized prostate cancer (i.e. pathologically and/or radiographically confirmed)Xx_NEWLINE_xXAny prior chemotherapy for castrate-resistant prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient must have either a history of cancer or active cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXCancer survivors will be partnered, cohabiting women with a diagnosis of non-metastatic breast cancer (stages I-III), and a body mass index (BMI) >= 30 who are healthy enough to participate in a home-based walking program (per medical provider clearance; Phase I, part B and Phase II only)Xx_NEWLINE_xXExperiencing 2 or more of the following symptoms felt to be associated (per the patient) with gynecologic cancer or previous gynecologic cancer treatment: anxiety (worry or feeling stressed), cognitive impairment (difficulty concentrating, focusing, memory loss), depression, existential/spiritual distress (hopelessness, lack of meaning in life, lack of peace), fatigue, pain, and sexual dysfunction; these symptoms may be new or worsened since cancer diagnosis; both symptoms from this list must have been present one week prior to eligibility assessmentXx_NEWLINE_xXExpected to continue cancer care at University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center (UWCCC) for the duration of the studyXx_NEWLINE_xX10.0 years post first cancer diagnosisXx_NEWLINE_xXHistologically proven cancer of the head and neck cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior type I endometrial cancer diagnosisXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior diagnosis of other cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPROSTATE CANCER: Histologically confirmed prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPROSTATE CANCER: Patients who are initiating any chemotherapy (examples are docetaxel, cabazitaxel, etc.) and/or hormone directed treatment for prostate cancer; examples of hormone directed therapy include gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist or antagonists (such as leuprolide, goserelin, triptorelin, histrelin and degarelix), androgen receptor blockers (such as bicalutamide or enzalutamide), or androgen biosynthesis inhibitors (such as abiraterone)Xx_NEWLINE_xXAre undergoing treatment for pancreatic cancer at Fox Chase Cancer Center (FCCC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXAny prior or concurrent treatment for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXA newly diagnosed, histologically proven cancer arising from the oral cavity and oropharynxXx_NEWLINE_xXRecurrent cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHave any other active cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of cancer, with evidence of primary or secondary lung involvementXx_NEWLINE_xXUse of systemic steroids, or other pharmacological agents such as methylphenidate for cancer-related fatigueXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients being treated for oropharyngeal cancer with undergoing concurrent chemotherapy and radiation therapy (photons) for a histological diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma to the head and neck at the University of PennsylvaniaXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with a primary diagnosis of either breast, lung, prostate, or colorectal cancer within the last two yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXCurrent or past (< 6 months) engagement in pain coping skills training protocol for cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXEvaluation by a pain management physician and confirmation that cancer is the primary etiology of patient’s painXx_NEWLINE_xXRecurrence of cancer or other active cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosed with prostate cancer\r\n* Treatment with ADT (gonadotropin-releasing hormone [GnRH] agonist/antagonist with or without anti-androgen) for prostate cancer\r\n* Receiving ADT for a minimum of 12 weeks before enrollment into the study\r\n* Planned ADT for the duration of the 12-week study periodXx_NEWLINE_xXAsymptomatic, or minimally symptomatic from prostate cancer or prostate cancer related therapies\r\n* No opioid-requiring cancer related pain \r\n* Any therapy related genitourinary or gastrointestinal symptoms should be considered as mild (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events [CTCAE] grade 1 or 2) and not interfering with activities of daily livingXx_NEWLINE_xXSubject must be clinically referred for a thyroidectomy for known or potential cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosed with any solid or hematological cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXCompleted cancer treatment with curative intentXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with prostate cancer who are electing to undergo robotic radical prostatectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection at The Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center by Dr. Ronney AbazaXx_NEWLINE_xXHave a diagnosis of prostate, breast, lung, lymphoma, or gynecological cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXCervical or head/neck cancer diagnosis in the past 5 yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXResident of rural and/or Appalachian Kentucky (KY) county at cancer diagnosisXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of cancer with evidence of active diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXOutpatient at MD Anderson Cancer Center seen by the supportive care service, thoracic medical oncology, cancer pain clinic, or cardiopulmonary clinicXx_NEWLINE_xXCurrently between 1.0-4.99 years from the completion of active cancer therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXWithin 12 months of completing active treatment for colorectal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects without a diagnosis of prostate cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHave not had a cancer recurrenceXx_NEWLINE_xXCancer patientXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with a definitive, curative treatment plan consisting of chemoradiation for head & neck cancer\r\n* Surgery, if required, must be limited to: diagnostic biopsyXx_NEWLINE_xXCo-morbid disease or incurrent illness such as:\r\n* History of head trauma \r\n* History of nasal surgery other than biopsy (before cancer was diagnosed)\r\n* History of sinus surgery other than biopsy (before cancer was diagnosed)\r\n* Chronic rhinosinusitis with or without polyp \r\n* Pregnancy \r\n* Cognitive dysfunction \r\n* History of brain surgery \r\n* Psychiatric or neurologic diseases interfering with sense of smell \r\n* Congenital disorders of olfactory dysfunction \r\n* Olfactory loss prior to onset of nasopharyngeal carcinomaXx_NEWLINE_xXCAREGIVERS: Has a current cancer diagnosisXx_NEWLINE_xXCARE-RECIPIENTS: Has an additional cancer diagnosisXx_NEWLINE_xXNo evidence of cancer (NED)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients at MD Anderson with a cancer history who are either undergoing active treatment or who have completed treatment for their cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXA current/prior cancer diagnosisXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of a childhood cancer or similarly treated disease (involving chemotherapy, radiation, or surgery)Xx_NEWLINE_xXAdolescents and young adults who have completed cancer treatment within the past three months of all cancer types and stages will be recruited for this studyXx_NEWLINE_xXBCS will not be excluded based on cancer treatments received or a history of diagnosis of mild depression, anxiety, and hypertension and diabetesXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient diagnosed with colorectal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXNo other concomitant therapy directed at the cancer is allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have previously been treated with surgery or radiation for head and neck cancer and/or are being treated for recurrent head and neck cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXScheduled to undergo surgery for primary or secondary gastric, colorectal, liver, or pancreas cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients are actively being treated for another cancer at the time of enrollmentXx_NEWLINE_xXBC patients at Moffitt Cancer Center (MCC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXHave blood relatives diagnosed with ovarian cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHave 2 or more family members on the same side of the family with breast, ovarian, pancreatic, or prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of cancer within last two yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXAny participant who has urologic cancer or is enrolled in a competing trialXx_NEWLINE_xXPrimary family caregivers of cancer patients with gastrointestinal (colorectal, pancreatic, gastric), gynecologic, urinary, or lung cancers who are entering the City of Hope for treatment or follow-upXx_NEWLINE_xXPrimary family caregivers of cancer patients with > 6 months prognosisXx_NEWLINE_xXHistologic proof or unequivocal cytologic proof (fine needle aspiration, biopsy, or two positive sputa) of small cell lung cancer (SCLC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXBe diagnosed with cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXBe scheduled to start outpatient intravenous (IV) chemotherapy for reasons other than symptom palliation at Moffitt Cancer Center (MCC) or Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center (SCCC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with metastatic cancer or a second primary cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXActive cancer/metastatic cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXTime from completion of cancer treatment to study entry: >= 2 yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXIndividuals who have a personal history of hereditary breast or ovarian cancer\r\n* A subset of 60 women without a personal history of hereditary or ovarian cancer will be included in an exploratory subset analysisXx_NEWLINE_xXCurrent or past (< 6 months) engagement in PCST for cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXInclusion Criteria: Subjects will be drawn from the pool of all parents who are primary\n        caregivers of children diagnosed with any form of cancer 4-16 weeks prior to contact about\n        the Problem Solving Skills Training intervention and cared for at one of the 4 data\n        collection sites. No attempt will be made to stratify the sample by any particular\n        demographic variables (e.g., age, ethnic background, or type of cancer diagnosed in their\n        child), except that monolingual Spanish-speaking parents will be specifically recruited to\n        provide adequate representation for statistical analysis at Childrens Hospital Los Angeles\n        and UT/MD Anderson Cancer Center. Goal: 20% total enrollment.\n\n        Exclusion Criteria: Parents of children with cancer will be excluded if (1) they do not\n        read or speak English or Spanish; (2) their child is in severe a medical crisis, as\n        determined by the oncologist, or (3) they live a prohibitive distance to complete the\n        intervention (typically, >50 miles from the Center) and do not have access to a telephone\n        for phone intervention sessions. Internet access will be facilitated as part of the e-PSST\n        intervention arm. These exclusionary criteria are identical to our previous work; <10% of\n        eligible mothers have been excluded.Xx_NEWLINE_xXWilling to undergo a form of cancer therapy and subsequent follow-up careXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects with malignant dysphagia due to esophageal cancer or esophagogastric junction cancer who are undergoing upper endoscopic ultrasound or upper endoscopy for pre-treatment staging or symptom evaluationXx_NEWLINE_xXParticipants will be patients of Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC) with a diagnosis of cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXParticipant must have a lung or gastrointestinal (GI) primary cancer diagnosed in the last 3 monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXParticipant must have non-curable cancer as judged by the primary oncologistXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent participation in Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center (LCCC)1311 or LCCC1234Xx_NEWLINE_xXNewly diagnosed adult cancer patients from VICC and MMC or a participating caregiver designated by the patientXx_NEWLINE_xXMen and women with cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior cancer diagnosisXx_NEWLINE_xXRefusal of any cancer treatment(s)Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubjective concern about declines in cognitive functioning related to a diagnosis of cancer and/or cancer related treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXCancer onset before the age of 21Xx_NEWLINE_xXTo preserve a homogenous cohort and comply with the departmentally-organized research infrastructure, we will include preoperative abdominal cancer patients undergoing surgery, or healthcare provider from all specialties at MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC) or volunteer from MDACC Volunteer Service.Xx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosed with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), small cell lung cancer, or mesothelioma, being treated with non-curative intent, and informed of advanced disease within the prior eight weeksXx_NEWLINE_xXPrimary cancer care at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer CenterXx_NEWLINE_xXBiopsy-proven endometrial cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXAdvanced cancer patient scheduled to receive regorafenibXx_NEWLINE_xXUse of dexamethasone for cancer related fatigueXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient must have non-metastatic, biopsy proven prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXDocumentation of current smoking in the cancer registryXx_NEWLINE_xXHave not experienced a cancer recurrence, andXx_NEWLINE_xXActive cancer defined as metastatic disease and/or any evidence of cancer on cross-sectional or positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, cancer related surgery, chemotherapy or radiation therapy within the past 6 months; note: non-melanoma skin cancer does not meet the cancer requirementXx_NEWLINE_xXAdditionally, at time of enrollment, participants must be post-treatment (with the exception of adjuvant therapy) for their primary cancer and not actively undergoing treatment for a secondary, metastatic, or recurrence of cancer (local or distant)Xx_NEWLINE_xXBackground cancer pain that is =< 3/10 in the last 24 hoursXx_NEWLINE_xXBreakthrough cancer pain that is >= 4/10 in the last 24 hoursXx_NEWLINE_xXMen with prostate cancer managed at University of California, San Francisco (UCSF)Xx_NEWLINE_xXHave non-metastatic prostate cancer and =< clinical T3a disease at diagnosisXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have lymphedema due to cancer recurrenceXx_NEWLINE_xXOncologists who treat at least 2 advanced cancer patients per month at a study participating hospitalXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of bladder cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPATIENT: Confirmed incurable lung cancer (non-small cell lung cancer [NSCLC], small cell lung cancer, or mesothelioma) or non-colorectal gastrointestinal (GI) cancer (esophageal, gastric, hepatic, biliary, or pancreatic or GI unknown primary) not being treated with curative intentXx_NEWLINE_xXPATIENT: Planning to receive all medical care for cancer at the enrolling institutionXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXAt least four weeks after cancer diagnosisXx_NEWLINE_xXPilot: Ovarian cancer patients who have completed cancer treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXNON-CANCER PATIENT GROUP: Caucasian or African-American/BlackXx_NEWLINE_xXNON-CANCER PATIENT GROUP: Cancer-freeXx_NEWLINE_xXReceiving hormonal therapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXScheduled to receive anthracycline chemotherapy followed by anti-HER2 therapy at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent use of any other anti-cancer agents or treatments or any other study agentsXx_NEWLINE_xXmesothelioma, pancreatic cancer: 1-3 prior treatmentsXx_NEWLINE_xXurothelial, SCHNN, prostate, soft tissue sarcoma, prostate cancer, TNBC, ccRCC, NSCLC: 1-5 prior treatmentsXx_NEWLINE_xXcolon cancer: 2-4 prior treatmentsXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of clear cell or low grade ovarian cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHave a pathological diagnosis of prostate carcinomaXx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior history of anal cancer, including SISCCAXx_NEWLINE_xXParticipants must have histologically confirmed diagnosis of locally advanced and/or metastatic triple negative breast cancer, ovarian cancer, bladder cancer, gastric cancer, or soft tissue sarcoma, with exceptions defined in the exclusion criteriaXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior history of head and neck cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXRecurrent cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of cancer with an active prescription for oral chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXReceiving cancer care at either Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center or community affiliates (North Shore, Emerson, and Massachusetts General Hospital [MGH] West)Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of gynecologic cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXCancer (solid tumor) diagnosis or mass suspicious of cancer within past six months as per clinical judgmentXx_NEWLINE_xXCancer treatment expected plan to include hospitalization for surgical treatment for at least 2 days at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) as per the patients’ clinical teamXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with gynecologic cancer who are undergoing vaginal brachytherapy as part of their treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with head and neck cancer who are undergoing either flap or nonflap surgery (limited to parotidectomy, hard palate maxillectomy and glossectomy, mandibulectomy, and any procedure with neck dissection) at MD Anderson Cancer CenterXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient is at least 3 weeks post-diagnosis of stage III or IV non-small cell or extensive small cell lung cancer and has received care at the Indiana University Simon Cancer Center or another Indiana University Health hospital or clinicXx_NEWLINE_xXParticipants with concurrent active cancer or active cancer within the last 5 years are ineligible unless, at the discretion of the investigator, the patient is deemed to have cancer or cancer treatment that the investigators do not think will interfere with any of the biological measures of the studyXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of advanced (metastatic or recurrent) lung, breast, colorectal, prostate, or gynecological (GYN), or other solid tumor cancer; the symptom cluster of pain, fatigue, and sleep disturbance is common in these patientsXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with a history of other malignancies will not be excluded, as long as they are currently receiving treatment for lung, breast, colorectal, prostate, GYN, or other solid tumor cancerXx_NEWLINE_xX> 3 months post-treatment of head and neck cancer (HNC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXNo active cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have histologically or cytologically confirmed solid tumor or heme malignancy; exceptions include patients with pancreatic cancer or colon cancer who are receiving oxaliplatin and are thus eligible for Comprehensive Cancer Center of Wake Forest University (CCCWFU) 98112; patients undergoing inpatient induction therapy for acute leukemia; and those hospitalized for marrow or peripheral blood stem cell transplantationXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of gynecological cancer of any type or strong suspicion for cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of cancer with evidence of active diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of non-metastatic breast cancer (ductal carcinoma in situ [DCIS] or stage I, II, or III) as recorded in the medical record at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), by self-report, or by outside correspondence, including a study checklist signed by a physician for patients outside of MSKCCXx_NEWLINE_xXActive cancer, defined as a pathologic diagnosis of or treatment for any cancer, other than basal-cell or squamous-cell carcinoma of the skin, within the past six months; or patients with known recurrent or metastatic disease within the past six months; a pathology report issued at the enrolling site confirming the diagnosis of cancer is required for study enrollmentXx_NEWLINE_xXParticipant has a history of neurologic event (i.e. traumatic brain injury) unrelated to cancer or its treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXMinocycline Trial only: patients with a pathological or clinical diagnosis of pancreatic cancer and beginning or continuing FOLFIRINOX or gemcitabine-based chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXObservational Arm only: patients with a pathological or clinical diagnosis of pancreatic cancer and beginning or continuing FOLFIRINOX chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPermission from the attending medical oncologist if the patient is currently on an interventional cancer therapy trialXx_NEWLINE_xXCancer patients currently on cancer therapy with a positive screening for SD (screening PSQI score >= 5)Xx_NEWLINE_xXCancers not usually occurring in childhood/adolescent or young adult populations, such as lung or prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHave a diagnosis of prostate cancer and are scheduled to receive radiotherapy with androgen deprivation therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXConfirmed metastatic lung cancer (non-small cell lung cancer [NSCLC], small cell lung cancer [SCLC], and mesothelioma [meso]) or non-colorectal gastrointestinal (GI) cancer (esophageal, gastric and hepatobiliary) not being treated with curative intentXx_NEWLINE_xXAll patients with a histological diagnosis of cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXScheduled to receive any form of further adjuvant cancer therapy (except hormonal or biologic therapy for breast cancer or adjunctive noncytotoxic chemotherapy for colorectal cancer including participation in CALGB 80702 while on celecoxib/placebo)Xx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosed with head and neck cancer, which will be primarily oropharyngeal, and scheduled to undergo intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) with or without concurrent chemotherapy at M. D. AndersonXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with measurable brain metastasis(es) resulting from small cell lung cancer and/or germ cell malignancyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with newly diagnosed or recurrent gynecologic cancer (ovarian, uterine, cervical, vaginal, vulvar) actively undergoing treatment (chemotherapy, surgery, or radiation therapy) at COH (including Duarte and South Pasadena campuses)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPeer mentors will be past gynecologic cancer patients not currently undergoing treatment for their cancer, and considered without evidence of diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXCurrently undergoing treatment for active gynecologic cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent use of other anti-cancer agents or treatmentsXx_NEWLINE_xXnewly diagnosed with I-III non-metastatic cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXCurrent use of anti-cancer cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agentsXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of a non-malignant disease and receiving radiation for a pathological diagnosis that is non-cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHaving completed definite treatment of localized prostate cancer (surgery or radiation)Xx_NEWLINE_xXReport sleep problems that began or got worse with the diagnosis of cancer or with chemotherapy; (did your sleep problems begin or get worse with the diagnosis of cancer or with chemotherapy?)Xx_NEWLINE_xXProstate cancer (PCa) diagnosisXx_NEWLINE_xXAny cancer diagnosisXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have never utilized art therapy at Maroone Cancer CenterXx_NEWLINE_xXAble and willing to participate in an art therapy session at Maroone Cancer CenterXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients without cancer diagnosisXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have previously utilized art therapy at Maroone Cancer CenterXx_NEWLINE_xXCompleted active cancer treatment other than maintenance therapy >= 3 months agoXx_NEWLINE_xXChronic pain is not cancer-relatedXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients diagnosed with prostate cancer and scheduled to undergo RALP at City of Hope National Medical CenterXx_NEWLINE_xXCancer diagnosis between 6 months and 3 years at the start of the studyXx_NEWLINE_xXDistressing cancer-related recollections that cause physiological reactivityXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of depression before the cancer diagnosisXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients are undergoing other cancer treatmentsXx_NEWLINE_xXFamily caregivers will need to be the primary family caregiver as identified by the lung cancer patient (ten caregivers from each of the following cancer care continuum points will be recruited)Xx_NEWLINE_xXCancer care continuum points are defined as follows:\r\n* Diagnosis: A lung cancer patient who has received diagnosis within the last 45 days but has not yet started treatment\r\n* Treatment: A lung cancer patients who has started initial treatment (chemotherapy, radiation, surgery) for diagnosis within the last 30 days, is actively receiving treatment, and has a prognosis of more than one year\r\n* Survivorship: A lung cancer patient who has completed treatment and who is clinically disease free at the time of caregiver enrollment to study\r\n* End of Life: A lung cancer patient who is estimated to have 6 months or less to liveXx_NEWLINE_xXReceiving care at University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center Gynecologic Oncology Clinic or at St. Joseph Mercy Hospital, Alexander Cancer Care CenterXx_NEWLINE_xXParticipants must be a spouse or domestic partner of a cancer survivor and will be recruited via the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Database at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (FHCRC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior history of cancer;Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior history of cancer (other than skin cancer);Xx_NEWLINE_xXSurvival 1-2 years after most recent HCT with no evidence of relapse, disease progression, or secondary cancer on last follow-upXx_NEWLINE_xXNo evidence of cancer (NED)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious diagnosis of endometrial cancer, successfully treated through surgeryXx_NEWLINE_xX> 8 weeks removed from surgery to treat endometrial cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXNo previous diagnosis of endometrial cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious treatment of any cancer excluding skin cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPathologically confirmed, unresectable primary or recurrent non-small cell lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPathologically confirmed, unresectable primary or recurrent non-small cell lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXOther (non-cancer) disease not stabilized within 1 month before the Screening VisitXx_NEWLINE_xXNewly prescribed one of the designated oral cancer medications for treatment of cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient of one of the participating National Cancer Institute comprehensive cancer centersXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with underlying diagnosis of metastatic colorectal cancer or head and neck squamous cell carcinoma including newly diagnosed patientsXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients receiving chemotherapy for a recurrent gynecologic cancer at the University of Wisconsin-Madison Carbone Cancer Center (UWCCC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXMen ? 30 years of age with non-metastatic prostate cancer, having undergone bilateral orchiectomy or initiated androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists and is expected to continue on ADT for at least 12 monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXParticipants recruited from the community must be scheduled for radical prostatectomy or have undergone RP within the past 12 months for clinically diagnosed prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with active 2nd malignancies other than myelofibrosis, AML, excised skin cancer, early stage cervical and prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXGrade G1 - G3 bladder cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of diagnosis of cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXCancer patients without BRONJ who have been treated with intravenous zoledronate for >= 1 year durationXx_NEWLINE_xXNo patients with recurrence of lung cancer after prior resectionXx_NEWLINE_xXPrisoners and individuals who are under the age of 18 will be specifically excluded from participation in the study; individuals must have a primary colorectal or endometrial cancer, not a recurrence of a previous colorectal or endometrial cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXWere diagnosed with a childhood cancer prior to the age of 21 yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXParticipants with active cancer diagnosis (exception: skin cancer, biopsy-proven atypical lobular, ductal hyperplasia and/or lobular carcinoma in situ)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious genetic testing or counseling regarding cancer riskXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient with prior history of colon cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of prior prostate biopsy in the last 5 yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior diagnosis of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXIndividuals with personal history of colorectal cancer (CRC) or colorectal polypsXx_NEWLINE_xXHave a personal or family history of any hereditary/genetic cancer syndrome such as BRCA1 and BRCA2 polymorphisms, hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer, or familial adenomatous polyposisXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients referred for lung cancer screening using a low-dose CT scan modality who are considered high risk by USPSTF guidelines.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who are or become ineligible as defined by USPSTF guidelines for lung cancer screening.Xx_NEWLINE_xXWomen who are regularly screened for cervical cancer are not eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXWomen must have a cervix to receive cervical cancer screeningXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of esophageal dysplasia or cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with prior ovarian cancer or surgery involving removal of one or both ovariesXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients will have one of the following diseases: primary hepatocellular cancer, hepatobiliary cancer, or metastatic disease to the liverXx_NEWLINE_xXKnown personal history of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXArm 1 patients must have treatment-naive, Gleason >= 7 prostate cancer based on transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) or prostate mapping biopsy, have localized disease, and have decided to undergo radical prostatectomy (open or robotic) as definitive treatment for their prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXArm 1 patients may not have received any prior luteinizing-hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists/antagonists, antiandrogens, or chemotherapy for their prostate cancer; treatment with 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (finasteride, dutasteride) are allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXMen who will be undergoing transrectal ultrasound of the prostate with biopsy for the evaluation of prostate cancer in the Division of Urology at City of Hope, or at participating urology clinicsXx_NEWLINE_xXMen with a previous diagnosis of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXMen without a prior diagnosis of prostate cancer but who have previously undergone a biopsy for a suspicious DRE or PSAXx_NEWLINE_xXRisk of prostate cancer 20-60% calculated with the on-line PCPT prostate cancer risk calculator; PSA value must be obtained within 3 months prior to study entryXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior history of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXOne of the following high-risk groups\r\n* Patients will be eligible if they have 2 or more relatives with pancreatic cancer and have a first degree relationship with at least one of the relatives with pancreatic cancer\r\n** If only 2 family members are affected then both must have had pancreatic cancer and a first-degree relationship with individual screened\r\n** If there are more than 2 affected individuals on the same side of the family at least one of the individuals must have a first-degree relationship with the member being screened\r\n** Patients at least 40 years (yrs) old or 10 yrs younger than the youngest affected individual\r\n* Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) patients age > 30\r\n* Hereditary pancreatitis patients\r\n* Patients with familial atypical multiple mole melanoma syndrome (FAMMM)\r\n* Patients with BRCA2 mutation and at least one first or second degree relative with documented pancreatic cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHave a history of cervical cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXAre enrolled in any other cancer prevention/outreach related studyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with known cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXOutpatients scheduled for screening or surveillance colonoscopy for polyps or colorectal cancer )Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients at high risk of colorectal cancer e.g. ulcerative colitisXx_NEWLINE_xXHave no current doctor's diagnosis of anal condyloma, hemorrhoids, fissures, or anal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPersonal or family history (1st degree relative) of colon cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXCONTROL (HEALTHY) GROUP: No history of cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of anal cancer, penile, vulvar, vaginal, or cervical cancer, or signs of any of these malignancies at baseline; participants with prior carcinoma in situ will not be considered to have prior cancer for eligibility purposesXx_NEWLINE_xXActive cancer defined as metastatic disease and/or any evidence of cancer on cross-sectional or positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, cancer related surgery, chemotherapy or radiation therapy within the past 6 months; Note: non-melanoma skin cancer does not meet the cancer requirementXx_NEWLINE_xXCancer survivorXx_NEWLINE_xXPersonal history of lung cancer or head and neck cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXCurrent participation in another cancer chemoprevention studyXx_NEWLINE_xXReports at least one year of lung cancer screening experienceXx_NEWLINE_xXSeeking baseline or annual follow-up low dose computed tomography (LDCT) lung cancer screeningXx_NEWLINE_xXAny prior investigational immune therapy, such as for lung cancer prevention or treatment or for CIS of the cervixXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior germ cell cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXCurrently being actively treated for cancer other than nonmelanoma skin cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosed with prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of cancer diagnosis at least one year priorXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of skin cancer diagnosisXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior history of cervical, vulvar, or vaginal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXCervical, vulvar, or vaginal lesions suspicious for cancer based on clinical appearance (e.g. necrotic, ulcerated, and/or fungating masses), unless biopsies show no invasive cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXMeets guidelines for lung cancer screening, as determined by radiology team.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHave a prostate cancer diagnosisXx_NEWLINE_xXEnrolled on the longitudinal high risk cohort study or being seen in the Cancer Prevention CenterXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients receiving prior chemotherapy or chemoradiation for colorectal cancer (ie, neoadjuvant chemoradiation for stage II or III rectal cancer)Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of colorectal cancer; exception: individuals with stage I or II colorectal cancer who have not received any chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients should receive their definitive treatment at Wake Forest University (WFU) Cancer Center or at Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC) Cancer CenterXx_NEWLINE_xXHave been previously diagnosed with a malignant solid tumor, completed their required surgical, and/or chemotherapy and/or radiation curative intent therapy at least three months prior to enrollment, and have an anticipated treatment-free life span of 12 months or longer; chemoprophylaxis with tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitors for breast cancer in women and anti-luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) therapy for prostate cancer in men will be permittedXx_NEWLINE_xXHas a current or previous diagnosis of any type of cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXIndividuals who have registered to undergo lung cancer screening and who agree to be called for possible participationXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnostic prostate biopsy with only 1 core with cancer and < 5% of tissue from that core involved with cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXAt time of approach, >= 5 years from initial cancer diagnosis or >= 5 years from first HCT, whichever is later.Xx_NEWLINE_xXChinese and Korean American patients who are not up to date for colorectal cancer screeningXx_NEWLINE_xXBiopsy-proven (consisting of >= 10 tissue cores) adenocarcinoma of the prostate with cancer present in at least one biopsy core, either random or targeted, in the most recent biopsy\r\n* All prior biopsies must meet the following: =< 50% of the total number of random biopsy cores positive for cancer\r\n* Gleason score =< (3+4)Xx_NEWLINE_xXHave had prior treatment for prostate cancer by surgery, irradiation, local ablative (i.e., cryosurgery or high-intensity focused ultrasound), or androgen-deprivation therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have prostate cancer with distant metastasesXx_NEWLINE_xXMen newly diagnosed with prostate cancer who are scheduled for prostatectomy (stage T1 or T2)Xx_NEWLINE_xXTaking active cancer treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXCastration-resistant prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXNo concurrent treatment (hormonal, radiation or systemic chemotherapy) for prostate cancer during study enrollment is planned (unless participants demonstrate clinical evidence of prostate cancer progression such as symptoms, physical exam findings, a rapidly increasing PSA, or radiologic findings which confirm disease progression)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior history of esophageal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXAny history of current or prior rectal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXColorectal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXGastric and esophageal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXUp to date with all age appropriate cancer screening tests, as per American Cancer Society guidelinesXx_NEWLINE_xXNo history of colorectal cancer, including germ-line heritable colorectal cancers such as familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of invasive cancer diagnosis =< 12 months prior to randomization, excepting nonmelanoma skin cancer; patients with T1a adenocarcinoma of the esophagus arising in the setting of Barrett’s esophagus are eligible for enrollment in the trialXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects scheduled for robotic assisted radical prostatectomy for removal of localized prostate cancer;Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects with a prostate volume of >80mLXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of any colorectal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of heritable cancer syndrome (familial adenomatous polyposis [FAP], hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer [HNPCC])Xx_NEWLINE_xXCurrently non-adherent to colorectal cancer screeningXx_NEWLINE_xXScheduled to have surgery for bladder cancer during the studyXx_NEWLINE_xXIncidental histologic finding of prostate cancer (T1a or T1b using the tumor, nodes, metastasis [TNM] clinical staging system)Xx_NEWLINE_xXGleason score 7 (4 + 3 or 3 + 4), based on mapping prostate biopsy, with no more than 15mm cancer in maximal linear dimension in any single core.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of orchiectomy, PCa-specific chemotherapy, brachytherapy, cryotherapy, Photodynamic therapy or radical prostatectomy for treatment of prostate cancer; any prior radiation therapy to the pelvis for prostate cancer or any other malignancy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXEvidence of distant prostate cancer, i.e., including lymph nodes and/or metastasis of cancer on imagingXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have histologically or cytologically confirmed (at original diagnosis or subsequent recurrence or progression) lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL) or solid tumor; patients with lymphoma or CLL must have radiologically or clinically evaluable disease, and be refractory to standard therapy as defined by relapse within 6 months of last treatment (see note below); patients with solid tumors must have radiologically or clinically evaluable disease that is metastatic, unresectable, progressive, or recurrent, and for which standard curative measures do not exist or are no longer effective\r\n* Patients with a liver mass, raised alpha-fetoprotein level (>= 500 ng/mL) and positive serology for hepatitis, consistent with a diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma will be eligible without the need for pathologic confirmation of the diagnosis\r\n* Patients with prostate cancer, renal cell cancer, neuroendocrine tumors, lung cancer, colorectal cancers, soft tissue sarcomas, glioma and thyroid cancer are excluded in the normal and mild cohorts due to a lack of efficacy in these tumor types in phase 2 studies; patients with breast, pancreatic, bladder, head and neck cancers, as well as melanoma and other malignancies are eligible\r\n* Note: patients with prostate cancer, renal cell cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancers, soft tissue sarcomas, glioma and thyroid cancer are allowed to enroll in the moderate and severe cohorts provided the patients:\r\n** Sign a separate consent form which outlines the lack of efficacy observed in prior studies\r\n** Are consented to the study by a protocol-specified designee who is not their longitudinal oncologist; patients with neuroendocrine tumors are still excluded from the moderate and severe cohorts\r\n* Note: as romidepsin is approved for patients with relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) or cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL), these patients would be eligible WITHOUT the requirement of having ‘relapsed within 6 months of last treatment’Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with prostate cancer, renal cell cancer, neuroendocrine tumors, lung cancer, colorectal cancers, soft tissue sarcomas, glioma, and thyroid cancer are excluded in the normal and mild cohorts due to a lack of efficacy in these tumor types in phase 2 studies; patients with prostate cancer, renal cell cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancers, soft tissue sarcomas, glioma and thyroid cancer are allowed to enroll in the moderate and severe cohorts only; patients with neuroendocrine tumors are still excluded from the moderate and severe cohortsXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must not receive any other anti-cancer therapy (cytotoxic, biologic, radiation, or hormonal other than for replacement) while on this study except for medications that are prescribed for supportive care but may potentially have an anti-cancer effect (i.e. megestrol acetate, bisphosphonates); in addition, men receiving treatment for prostate cancer will be maintained at castrate levels of testosterone by continuation of luteinizing-releasing hormone agonistsXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with oral cavity squamous cell cancer requiring neck dissectionXx_NEWLINE_xXMust have a diagnosis of head/neck cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXUnresectable advanced or metastatic ACC, non-urothelial bladder/upper tract cancer, non-adenocarcinoma prostate cancer, penile cancer or treatment refractory germ-cell tumorXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior use of systemic checkpoint inhibitors (including PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4 targeting agents) for the management of ACC, non-urothelial bladder cancer/upper tract, non-adenocarcinoma prostate cancer, penile cancer or treatment refractory germ-cell tumor is excludedXx_NEWLINE_xXIncidental histologic finding of prostate cancer (T1a or T1b using the TNM [tumor, nodes, metastasis] clinical staging system) or prostate cancer that is curative.Xx_NEWLINE_xXWomen currently undergoing cancer treatment or with a known active cancer; history of malignancy is allowed as long as the patient has completed treatment > 3 months prior to enrollmentXx_NEWLINE_xXWomen who have received cancer surgery, chemotherapy, biological therapy (e.g., trastuzumab), or radiotherapy for the treatment of any cancer within 6 months of study participationXx_NEWLINE_xXPreviously resected colorectal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXClinical diagnosis of bladder cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXClinically cancer-free (no evidence of disease)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPersonal history of lung cancer or head and neck cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXCurrent participation in a cancer intervention prevention study, except for smoking cessationXx_NEWLINE_xXNo findings in the rectum of advanced adenoma, chronic inflammation, or cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXFamily history of polyposis syndrome (e.g., familial adenomatous polyposis [FAP], hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer [HNPCC]) or colorectal cancer (first degree relatives younger than 60 years old)Xx_NEWLINE_xXBe an intestinal cancer survivor that is a minimum of 4 months post chemotherapy/radiation treatment; OR be a healthy adult with no prior history of treatment for cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPlans to move from Kansas Cancer Center (KC) during the treatment and follow-up phaseXx_NEWLINE_xXdiagnosis of head and neck cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXEvidence of current disease with lung cancer or head and neck cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients may have a prior history of lung cancer or head and neck cancer treated with curative intent, provided that there has been no evidence of disease (NED) for > 1 year; the qualifying autofluorescence (AF) bronchoscopy must be negative for malignancyXx_NEWLINE_xXThe patient has diagnosed cancer of the cervix, vulva, or endometriumXx_NEWLINE_xXActive cancer or metastatic disease, except in the case of stage 0 chronic lymphocytic leukemia or nonmelanoma skin cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXActive cancer diagnosis or metastatic disease, except in the case of stage 0 chronic lymphocytic leukemia or nonmelanoma skin cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of childhood cancerXx_NEWLINE_xX>= 2 years since completion of cancer-directed therapy for first cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXParticipants should preferably have histologically confirmed non-small cell lung cancer, but patients with a clinical and radiographic diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer who are candidates for stereotactic body radiation therapy may also be eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXHistopathology proven prostate cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent systemic therapy for prostate cancer with investigational agents.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistopathologically proven prostate cancer (PCa)Xx_NEWLINE_xXAny change in prostate cancer treatment between Axumin and 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT scanXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with early non-small cell lung carcinoma, or clinically-diagnosed early stage lung cancer, or pulmonary metastasesXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of thyroid cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient with lung cancer (presumed or biopsy proven) undergoing evaluation for resectionXx_NEWLINE_xXCurrent investigational therapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of prostate cancer per National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines (T1-T4 disease)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received androgen deprivation therapy or prior surgery for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXSubject has histologic or cytologic confirmation of lung cancer (non-small cell lung cancer [NSCLC] or small cell) and has been recommended thoracic radiotherapy as part of standard of care managementXx_NEWLINE_xXHEALTHY CONTROLS: Women with no suspected gynecological cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXGYNECOLOGIC CANCER: Women with suspected gynecological cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXGYNECOLOGIC CANCER: No contraindications for MR or PET imagingXx_NEWLINE_xXGYNECOLOGIC CANCER: Scheduled to undergo a hysterectomy and/or salpingo-oophorectomyXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects with suspected sarcoidosis, lymphoma, or metastatic cancer from other sites (i.e. those without a known or suspected lung primary)Xx_NEWLINE_xXSUB-STUDY I: Newly diagnosed prostate cancer pathologically proven by prostate biopsyXx_NEWLINE_xXSUB-STUDY I: Chemotherapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXSUB-STUDY I: Androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXSUB-STUDY II: Prostate cancer pathologically proven by prostate biopsyXx_NEWLINE_xXSUB-STUDY II: Chemotherapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXSUB-STUDY II: Androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXSUB-STUDY III: Prostate cancer pathologically proven by prostate biopsyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have confirmation of prostate cancer with identifiable metastatic disease on at least 1 clinically indicated imaging modality; if there is only soft tissue metastasis, one lesion must measure at least 6 mm or greaterXx_NEWLINE_xXHistological confirmation of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who are not expected to receive cancer therapy before imaging sessions are completed.Xx_NEWLINE_xXWith a suspicion (elevated prostate specific antigen [PSA] and/or abnormal digital rectal exam)/diagnosis of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with small cell lung cancer receiving twice daily (b.i.d.) radiationXx_NEWLINE_xXHigh-risk or very-high risk prostate cancer eligible for standard of care surgery\r\n* At least clinical T3a disease, and/or Gleason >= 8, and/or PSA > 20, as per clinical assessment and routine guidelinesXx_NEWLINE_xXMust have diagnosis of urothelial cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with PSMA-positive tumors including prostate cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, and other tumor types know to express PSMAXx_NEWLINE_xXHistological diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the prostate OR has a clinical diagnosis of prostate cancer and on active therapy or has received treatment for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXBiopsy-proven prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects with completely obstructing esophageal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of anal or cervical cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXRegistered with the clinical trials office of the Karmanos Cancer Center/Wayne State UniversityXx_NEWLINE_xXSuspected prostate cancer based on elevated PSA level (>= 4) and abnormal digital rectal examination with clinical decision to proceed to prostate biopsyXx_NEWLINE_xXProstate cancer patients who have undergone radical prostatectomyXx_NEWLINE_xXNot otherwise eligible for prostate biopsyXx_NEWLINE_xXHave biopsy proven carcinoma of the prostateXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient must have proven or suspected non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and be clinical stage I or IIa, according to the 7th edition staging system of the American Joint Commission on Cancer for lung cancer (T1 or T2a, N0 or N1, M0)Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of biopsy proven or clinically documented castrate resistant prostate cancer which is metastatic to bone as assessed by medical record reviewXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients undergoing SABR for the treatment of a lung tumor, inclusive of non-small cell lung cancer or lung metastasesXx_NEWLINE_xXOther on-going cancer therapy or investigational agents (except MVT-5873 )Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatient must not have had any prior treatment for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXCryosurgery, surgery for prostate cancer, prostatic or pelvic radiotherapy prior to study enrollment; no limit on number of prior prostate biopsies; prior transurethral prostatic resection (TURP) is not allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXDosimetry Studies Arm (Completed July 2015): \r\n* Healthy volunteer OR participant with biopsy-proven diagnosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), any histopathologic type of lung cancer, or any other type of cancer that can be treated with platinum-based chemotherapy (which includes but is not limited to ovarian, lung, gastric, hepatic, and pancreatic cancers)Xx_NEWLINE_xXAn adult patient with a newly diagnosed, untreated primary lung cancer diameter 7 mm or more; ANDXx_NEWLINE_xXMen undergoing a first-time prostate biopsy driven by PSA elevation to rule out cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXAny prior needle biopsy of the prostateXx_NEWLINE_xXThis study will include only patients with sarcoma, prostate, breast, brain or metastatic cancer; in the future other patient groups may be included through amendment of this protocolXx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXInvestigational therapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXKnown pathological diagnosis of any solid cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXThe patient must have either 1) an established diagnosis of pancreatic cancer by biopsy or 2) cancer involving the liver by biopsy or radiographic criteria, or 3) prostate cancer by biopsy, with the intent of undergoing definitive dose radiation therapy to targets within the pancreas, liver, or prostate; patients with prostatectomy receiving post-operative radiotherapy are also eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXNewly diagnosed biopsy proven locoregional invasive breast cancer at MD Anderson Cancer Center, or referred to MD Anderson for treatment after initial radiologic (mammographic, sonographic, etc.) exams at an outside institution in whom NAC is plannedXx_NEWLINE_xXGleason 4+3 or higher cancer in any single biopsy coreXx_NEWLINE_xXWomen must be enrolled in the Ovarian Cancer Screening Program (OCSP); eligibility criteria for the OCSP are: 50 years of age or older, or be postmenopausal and have not had a prior salpingo-oophorectomy or have a family history of ovarian cancer in a primary relative or have a self-history of breast cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistological confirmation of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXINCLUSION CRITERIA (NEXT 60 PATIENTS WITH LOCALLY ADVANCED PROSTATE CANCER): Histological confirmation of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXINCLUSION CRITERIA (NEXT 60 PATIENTS WITH LOCALLY ADVANCED PROSTATE CANCER): Patient is judged by the investigator to have the initiative and means to be compliant with the protocol and be within geographical proximity to make the required study visitsXx_NEWLINE_xXHistologically confirmed lung cancer, or clinically diagnosed lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistologically confirmed diagnosis of melanoma, breast cancer, or gynecologic cancer at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXHave one of the following disease histories: \r\n* Newly-diagnosed or recurrent (local, regional, metastatic) malignant melanoma or breast cancer patients in whom SLN mapping is indicated \r\n** Residual clinically or radiographically evident tumor, including primary cutaneous and mucosal melanomas \r\n** Prior radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or surgery in patients requiring flap reconstruction in the head and neck region\r\n** Newly-diagnosed patients with previous excisional biopsy OR \r\n** Newly-diagnosed gynecologic cancer patients in whom SLN mapping and surgical excision is indicatedXx_NEWLINE_xXHave been diagnosed with a malignancy/tumor/cancer, including but not limited to: brain tumor, breast cancer, lung cancer, esophageal cancer, lymphoma, or sarcomaXx_NEWLINE_xXGROUPS 1, 2, AND 3: Group 1: participants identified as being high-risk for familial or hereditary pancreatic cancer, and must conform to one or more of the following requirements:\r\n* Have a strong family history of pancreatic cancer; this is defined as pancreatic cancer occurring in one first- degree relative and two other relatives, or two first- degree relatives; or, \r\n* Have a known high-risk genetic syndrome (e.g., BRCA 1&2, STK11, CDNK2A, PRSS1, and MSH 2&6)Xx_NEWLINE_xXHEALTHY VOLUNTEERS (Group 4): Group 4 participants must have no history of cancer, pancreatic disease, or family history of pancreatic cancer\r\n* Family history will be defined as pancreatic cancer occurring in one first-degree relative and two other relatives, or two first-degree relativesXx_NEWLINE_xXRegistered patient at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPathologic confirmation of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXRadiotherapy (external beam irradiation alone or in combination with hormonal therapy and/or brachytherapy) was delivered as definitive therapy for prostate cancer and documentation is availableXx_NEWLINE_xXEvidence of prostate cancer recurrence (biochemical relapse by the Phoenix definition, enlarging palpable prostatic abnormality, imaging evidence strongly suggestive of local failure)Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistological confirmation of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient cannot start a new therapy for prostate cancer prior to study radiopharmaceutical imagingXx_NEWLINE_xXMales scheduled for prostate biopsy (for known or suspected prostate cancer) followed by planned prostatectomy (population group A), orXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with known or suspected prostate disease based on clinical data will be included in the study; patients with intermediate to high grade prostate cancer (Gleason’s score >= 7 and prostate-specific antigen [PSA] of > 10ng/dl) will be referred from the outpatient clinics after evaluation by the treating physiciansXx_NEWLINE_xXPlan to undergo external radiation treatment of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior histologic diagnosis of cancer or awaiting biopsy or surgery for cancer evaluation of a mass detected on exam or standard imaging; this includes solid tumors as well as hematologic malignanciesXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with histologically proven diagnosis of head and neck cancer or patients with tumors strongly suspicious for head and neck cancer due to clinical features or FNA (fine needle aspiration) cytology assessmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with a history of head and neck cancer or oral premalignant disease but without any clinical evidence of diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with either pre-malignant or a history of oral cancer based on patient history and clinical presentationsXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious prostate surgery for prostate carcinoma (including, transurethral resection of the prostate [TURP] and cryosurgery), local or systemic treatment for prostate carcinoma (e.g. radiation, androgen deprivation), pelvic radiation (e.g. rectal cancer), rectal surgery, Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) for bladder cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must be willing to undergo a biopsy of the prostateXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who had any surgery of the prostate including TURP (transurethral resection of the prostate)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who had > 1 prior prostate biopsyXx_NEWLINE_xXConfirmed diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) or small cell lung cancer (SCLC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXInclusion Criteria:\n\n        The target population includes adults with small lung nodules that may represent a new\n        diagnosis of lung cancer, who typically would be managed by CT surveillance in usual\n        clinical practice. Thus, we will enroll all patients:\n\n          -  aged ?35 years\n\n          -  at least one nodule measuring ?15 mm in average diameter on chest CT.\n\n        Exclusion Criteria:\n\n          -  Pregnant Women\n\n          -  Age <35 years\n\n          -  Known diagnosis of cancer (except non-melanoma skin cancer) within 5 yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXNewly diagnosed with esophageal cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXBiopsy proven non-small cell lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have non-invasive or non-epithelial ovarian cancer on pathological confirmation; patients with synchronous stage I endometrial cancer will not be excludedXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient is diagnosed with cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXInvestigational therapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXMinimum 10 core prostate biopsy showing histologically-confirmed prostate cancer within 12 months of enrollment reviewed by a pathologist from one of the Dana Farber (DF)/Harvard Cancer Center (HCC) associated hospitalsXx_NEWLINE_xX=< 50% of any given core involved with cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXFirst diagnosis of prostate cancer > 12 months prior to enrollmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior prostate cancer-directed therapy including:\r\n* Androgen deprivation therapy\r\n* Radiation therapy to the prostate (external beam or brachytherapy)\r\n* Cryotherapy\r\n* High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU)\r\n* Chemotherapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient is diagnosed with >= stage 3 breast cancer or >= stage 2 prostate cancer (and/or prostate-specific antigen [PSA] > 10 micrograms/L), including patient with recurrent breast or prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXParticipant in whom it may be considered a viable clinical option to perform neck dissection when primary cancers are at high risk for neck metastasis (see definition above);\r\n* These will include: 1) oral cavity cancer; 2) oropharynx cancer, including base of tongue and tonsil cancers; 3) larynx cancer; or 4) supraglottic cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of prior radical prostatectomy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects with suspected sarcoidosis, lymphoma, or metastatic cancer from other sites (i.e. those without a known or suspected lung primary)Xx_NEWLINE_xXOVARIAN CANCER PARTICIPANTS: Participant has suspected or biopsy proven ovarian cancer and is scheduled to undergo surgical excision of the cancerous lesion(s) OR\r\n* Participant has biopsy proven ovarian cancer but is not a surgical candidateXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have consented to a therapeutic protocol for the treatment of their cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistology confirmed by Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) Department of PathologyXx_NEWLINE_xXSubject must be scheduled for a clinically indicated needle biopsy of the prostate based upon an elevated prostate specific antigen (PSA), abnormal digital rectal examination, or based upon active surveillance of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious treatment for prostate cancer (PCa)Xx_NEWLINE_xXInvestigational therapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXKnown prostate cancer with a clinical concern for the presence of metastatic disease as delineated below:\r\n* Population 1: treatment naive patients with one of the following risk factors: Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment (CAPRA) score >= 5, PSA >= 15 ng/mL and/or Gleason score >= 4+4\r\n* Population 2: patients with biochemical recurrence after prostatectomy or radiation therapy with a PSA doubling time less than 12 months\r\n**These patients may have received androgen deprivation therapy prior to imaging\r\n* Population 3: patients with castrate resistant prostate cancer with progressive disease as defined by Prostate Cancer Working Group 2 (PCWG2) criteria \r\n** Patients with castrate resistant prostate cancer can be either on treatment or off treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXProstate biopsy must be reviewed at Brigham and Women’s Hospital or the Dana Farber Cancer Institute and should support a diagnosis of stage I-III prostate adenocarcinomaXx_NEWLINE_xXKnown diagnosis of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient must have no other active cancer at the time of diagnosis of cervical cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior treatment for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXProstate cancer clinical stage T1cXx_NEWLINE_xXFINAL ENROLLMENT BIOPSY PARAMETERS: no demonstrated cancer diameter > 1.2 cmXx_NEWLINE_xXStaging imaging workup including a baseline MRI of the prostate and pelvis performed at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with head and neck cancer who are scheduled for node dissection surgeries at New York University (NYU) Langone Medical Center or Bellevue hospital, or for a PET/CT at the Cancer Center (160 E 34th St) for treatment planning are eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXBiopsy proven papillary thyroid cancer (regardless of genotype and including all subtypes such as follicular or mixed papillary follicular) or suspicious for thyroid cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with synchronous primary endometrial cancer or a past history of endometrial cancer, unless all of the following conditions are met:\r\n* Stage not greater than IB\r\n* No more than superficial myometrial invasion\r\n* No vascular or lymphatic invasion\r\n* No poorly differentiated subtypes, including serous, clear cell, or other International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) grade 3 lesionsXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who because of age, general medical or psychiatric condition, or physiologic status unrelated to the presence of prostate cancer are unlikely to be candidates for repeat MRIs, or cannot give valid informed consentXx_NEWLINE_xXLocally recurrent and unresectable and/or distant metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), histologically or cytologically confirmed; the diagnosis of DTC includes the following subtypes: papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) (including but not limited to variants such as follicular variant, tall cell, columnar cell, Hurthle cell variant of papillary carcinoma, and poorly differentiated), follicular thyroid cancer (FTC), including insular variant, Hurthle cell carcinoma and poorly differentiated thyroid cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXAdvanced small cell lung cancer (SCLC) or large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) of lung progressed after at least 1 line of anticancer chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have had a prior lung cancer within the last five years from the current diagnosisXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with any prior systemic therapy for the current diagnosis of lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXThe patient has endometrial cancer and is scheduled for robotic hysterectomy and lymphadenectomyXx_NEWLINE_xXEnrolled at MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC), written consentXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with histologically confirmed prostate cancer at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXMinimal tumor burden as defined by at least one of the following criteria:            \r\n* One single core with >= 50% cancer burden and >= 5 mm tumor length\r\n* Two or more cores in the same prostate region, each with >= 30% cancer burden\r\n* Three or more cores positive for prostate cancer (of any magnitude of cancer burden) in the same prostate region\r\n* Gleason score of 7 or higher cancer burden\r\n* Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) >= 10 ng/mLXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with histologic or cytologic proof of pancreatic cancer, for whom the treatment plan, at the time of enrollment, is chemoradiationXx_NEWLINE_xXAll nasopharyngeal, paranasal sinus, salivary cancer, and thyroid malignanciesXx_NEWLINE_xXGROUP 2: Oncologic patients at MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC):Xx_NEWLINE_xXScheduled for a TRUS biopsy based on clinical suspicion for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXIndividuals who have previously undergone biopsy of the prostate for diagnosis of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXThe subject has biopsy-proven adenocarcinoma of the prostate with intermediate to high risk disease by University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment (CAPRA) scoring and possesses a Gleason 4 component to the tumor; subjects will be enrolled either prior to radical prostatectomy (N=5) or prior to initiation of androgen deprivation therapy (luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone [LHRH] agonist +/- antiandrogen) followed by definitive radiation therapy as their primary treatment for prostate cancer (N=5)Xx_NEWLINE_xXA primary histopathological and/or cytopathological diagnosis of small cell lung cancer (SCLC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXARM I ONLY: For patients with presumed localized disease (any T, N0, M0), a multiparametric MRI (standard of care at the National Institutes of Health [NIH] Clinical Center) must be performed within 4 months of the 18F-DCFBC injection with findings suggestive for prostate cancer and a prostate lesion at least 6 mm or greater; must have histopathologic confirmation of prostate cancer prior to 18F-DCFBC imagingXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis: patients must have a diagnosis of prostate cancer by histologic verification and a hypoechoic lesion seen on ultrasoundXx_NEWLINE_xXDisease status: unfavorable intermediate to high-risk prostate cancer, Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment Score (CAPRA 5-10)Xx_NEWLINE_xXMen at least 18 years of age referred with clinical suspicion of prostate cancer who have been advised to have a prostate biopsyXx_NEWLINE_xXSuspected stage ? T2 on rectal examination (organ-confined prostate cancer) within the previous 3 monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior prostate biopsyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior treatment for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXContraindication to prostate biopsyXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects with clinically localized prostate cancer (outside pathology is acceptable) must have image guided biopsy confirmed prostate cancer and sufficient tissue available (obtained before or after 20 weeks of Eovist® injection) for OATP1B3 expressionXx_NEWLINE_xXMen with prostate cancer who elect surgery as the primary treatment of their cancer and to be performed at the Moffitt Cancer CenterXx_NEWLINE_xXBiopsy confirmed prostate cancer with at least ten biopsies performed for diagnosisXx_NEWLINE_xXLocation of cancer specified in the pathology reportXx_NEWLINE_xXLocation of cancer not specifiedXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients that have early stage non-small cell lung cancer or clinical suspicion of the same in cases where the lesion is not amenable to biopsy but is enlarging and positron emission tomography (PET)-positive; all patients are to be treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy as a monotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXHistologic evidence of small cell prostate cancer or neuroendocrine differentiation in > 50% of biopsy tissueXx_NEWLINE_xXCancer survivors with no evidence of disease for at least 6 months as determined by the oncologist and no longer receiving cancer treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXKnown diagnosis of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXBe receiving any active pharmaceutical treatments for cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXNORMAL VOLUNTEERS: Be receiving any active pharmaceutical treatments for cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXA subset of cancer patients being imaged with PET/CT for diagnosis and/or staging of disease at Case Comprehensive Cancer CenterXx_NEWLINE_xXAll cancer types and both newly diagnosed and previously treated patients will be includedXx_NEWLINE_xXKnown prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of rectal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistological diagnosis of prostate, pancreatic or bladder cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXFor prostate cancer patients, prostate specific antigen (PSA) > 5Xx_NEWLINE_xXUndergoing pancreatic cancer resectionXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient must have proven or suspected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (squamous cell, adenocarcinoma, or large cell) and be clinical stage I or II, according to the 1998 staging system of the American Joint Commission on Cancer for lung cancer (T1-3 N0, T1-2 N1)Xx_NEWLINE_xXFemales ? 21 years of age presenting for routine cervical cancer screening.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatient must not have a previous history of laryngeal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXAny prostate sizeXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPersons presenting for: physical or dental exams at outside health care centers OR research meetings/gatherings OR subjects identified at MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC) who are not already diagnosed with oral cancer or pre oral cancer: this includes patients with malignancies other than oral cancer, and visitors and family members, attendees of the National Health Service (HNS) Oral Cancer Screening event who are willing to participateXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects with a current diagnosis of oral cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients preparing to receive systemic therapy to treat metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of neuroendocrine variants of prostate cancer, including small cell carcinoma of the prostateXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have histologically or cytologically confirmed prostate cancer confirmed by the Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute (NCI) or Pathology Department at Walter Reed National Military Medical Center (WRNMMC) or, if slides are not available, pathologist’s report showing a histologic diagnosis of prostate cancer and a clinical course consistent with the diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXTaking active cancer treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of respiratory tract cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHave a confirmed diagnosis of type I endometrial cancer (endometrioid) based on pre-operative endometrial biopsy or dilation and curettage (D&C)Xx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosed with pancreatic cancer and scheduled to undergo surgeryXx_NEWLINE_xXConsented for tissue collection on Mays Cancer Center repository 07-32 (for Mays Cancer Center patients only)Xx_NEWLINE_xXInclusion Criteria:\n\n        Cisplatin Combination Expansion:\n\n        Arm 1:Patients with TNBC with no prior cytotoxic chemotherapy therapy in the metastatic\n        setting; Arm 2: Patients with TNBC and one or two prior cytotoxic therapies in the\n        metastatic setting.\n\n          -  Arm A: castrate resistant prostate cancer, advanced breast cancer, or non-small cell\n             lunch cancer that are candidates for treatment with a docetaxel-based combination.\n\n          -  Arm B: Urothelial transitional cell cancer, triple negative breast cancer, ovarian\n             cancer or non small cell lunch cancer that are candidates for a cisplatin-based\n             combination.\n\n          -  Arm C: Her2+ breast cancer refractory to prior herceptin or lapatinib, her2+\n             esophagal-gastric cancer, head and neck squamous cell cancer, or non small cell lunch\n             cancer that are candidates for treatment with a dacomitinib-based combination.\n\n          -  Availability of archival tumor biopsy sample or willing to provide fresh biopsy if not\n             available.\n\n          -  Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group [ECOG] performance must be 0 or 1.\n\n          -  Adequate bone marrow, renal and liver function.\n\n        Exclusion Criteria:\n\n          -  Prior therapy for Cisplatin Combination Expansion:\n\n               -  Prior platinum (carboplatin or cisplatin) in either the adjuvant or metastatic\n                  setting;\n\n               -  Prior radiation to >25% bone marrow as estimated by the Investigator.\n\n          -  Patients with known symptomatic brain metastases.\n\n          -  Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, biologics or investigational agent within 4 weeks of the\n             lead-in dose.\n\n          -  Major surgery within 4 weeks of the baseline disease assessments.\n\n          -  >2 prior regimens containing cytotoxic chemotherapy in the metastatic setting.\n\n          -  Active bacterial, fungal or viral infection.\n\n          -  Uncontrolled or significant cardiovascular disease.Xx_NEWLINE_xXBorderline ovarian cancer with ascites is allowableXx_NEWLINE_xXAny prior treatment for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXRequires a clinically necessary esophagectomy for esophageal cancer or other indications.Xx_NEWLINE_xXA pathologically documented colorectal cancer that:Xx_NEWLINE_xXConfirmed diagnosis of advanced, refractory breast or prostate cancer that is evaluable by radiologic testing. Participants must have experienced tumor progression on or treatment intolerance to at least one prior therapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXFor participants with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer only:Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have a current diagnosis of breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, or colorectal cancer; the current diagnosis may be an initial diagnosis or recurrence and/or progression of previously diagnosed disease; cancer may be metastatic or non-metastaticXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious history of lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have prostate biopsy within 4 months prior to registration showing newly diagnosed prostate cancer, stage T1-3N0M0; in addition, patients must have: Gleason score 6-10Xx_NEWLINE_xXScheduled prostate cancer consultation to be the first consultation after diagnosis (i.e. not a second-opinion or a consultation following previous discussions of treatment options)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have undergone pathology review of their prostate biopsy at Emory University, Grady Memorial Hospital, Saint Joseph’s Hospital, and Atlanta VA Medical Center with American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) clinical stage T1-T2 prostate cancer by physical exam.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPhysicians (medical oncologists, urologists, and radiation oncologists) who regularly treat patients with prostate cancer at one of the two research sites (Wayne State University/Karmanos Cancer Institute [WSU/KCI] or Hopkins) and who can recruit patients to available trialsXx_NEWLINE_xXConfirmed diagnosis of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXReceiving care at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer CenterXx_NEWLINE_xXAIM 2: Less than three relevant comorbidities (diabetes, heart disease, stroke and cancer, where cancer counts as 2 comorbidities for women but 1 for men)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients newly diagnosed with cancer referred from MGH community health centers in Revere, Chelsea, and Charlestown, or surrounding communities referred to receive cancer treatment at the MGH Cancer CenterXx_NEWLINE_xXReceiving treatment for advanced lung cancer for over one month before enrollment; ORXx_NEWLINE_xXAny patient with recurrent or progressive cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXAt risk for cancer-related infertility, as assessed by their clinician(s), including the oncofertility specialistXx_NEWLINE_xXPre-intervention: 200 patient records between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2016 are subject to review; the first 50 records with a diagnoses of each cancer type: head and neck, lung, prostate, or breast will be utilized for the reviewXx_NEWLINE_xXPATIENTS: Adult patients (>= 18 years) with a diagnosis of metastatic solid cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPATIENTS: Diagnosis of metastatic cancer < 3 months from the date of hospital admissionXx_NEWLINE_xXOncologists who do not have enough patients with advanced cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of any stage I - IV colorectal cancer or recurrent colorectal cancer (Arm 1)Xx_NEWLINE_xXEnrolled at 3 trial sites in: (1) Washington, District of Columbia (DC) (Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center; LCCC), (2) Boston, Massachusetts (MA) (Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; DFCI), and (3) New York, New York (NY) (Mount Sinai Medical Center; MSMC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXNo history of colon cancer or colon resectionXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of colon cancer or colon resectionXx_NEWLINE_xXFocus on one of the following disease categories: non-small cell lung cancer, colon cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, kidney cancer, lymphomaXx_NEWLINE_xXEver diagnosed with lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must know their cancer diagnosisXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have been seen for a visit for cancer surveillance between 2009 and 2013Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have not undergone a visit for cancer surveillance since 2009Xx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosed with non-metastatic (i.e., stages I – III) cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHad their cancer care primarily managed by a participating clinicianXx_NEWLINE_xXWhile we are focusing on recruitment of clinicians who treat breast, prostate, or colorectal cancers, any eligible patients of the clinicians (e.g., a testicular cancer patient) will be approached for potential participation in the studyXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnostic of small cell lung cancer or carcinoid tumorsXx_NEWLINE_xXIndividual pediatric patient with current or previous known or suspected thyroid cancer or nodule(s)Xx_NEWLINE_xXIndividual adult patient with current or previous known or suspected thyroid cancer or nodule(s) if they come from a family with a high suspicion of hereditary cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXIndividuals from families with a high suspicion of hereditary thyroid cancer:\r\n* Families with a current or previous diagnosis of a thyroid cancer/nodule occurring in childhood (< 18 years old)\r\n* Families with a high suspicion of hereditary thyroid cancer/nodules other than above to include:\r\n** Families with thyroid cancer in multiple individuals\r\n** Families with thyroid cancer and a known genetic syndrome\r\n** Families with thyroid cancer and a suspected genetic syndrome (e.g. multiple childhood cancers in the family, multiple primary cancers, multiple endocrinopathies, etc.)Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of treatment for cancer or related illness diagnosed at =< 25 years oldXx_NEWLINE_xXOff of all cancer therapy for >= 2 yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXSelf-reported prostate cancer diagnosisXx_NEWLINE_xXNo uncontrolled serious medical problems except for the diagnosis of cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Xx_NEWLINE_xXUrothelial cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXEvaluable disease by serum markers in the case of ovarian cancer [Gynecologic Cancer Intergroup (GCIG) specific criteria]; andXx_NEWLINE_xXAnti-cancer agents: must not be receiving other anti-cancer agents at time of enrollment and must not be planning to take other anti-cancer agents during DLT periodXx_NEWLINE_xXInclusion:\n\n          -  21 years of age or older\n\n          -  Have a cancer diagnosis\n\n          -  Self identify as African American\n\n          -  Therapeutic Phase I, II or III clinical trial at Massey Cancer Center (regardless of\n             whether or not they join the therapeutic trial)\n\n          -  Be able to provide informed consent\n\n          -  We will also recruit one family member/caregiver (N = 357) of each participating\n             patient\n\n          -  Consented patients will not be excluded from this study if their family member\n             declines to participate by completing the Cancer Communication Assessment Tool for\n             Families (CCAT-F).Xx_NEWLINE_xXFNA results positive for cancer cellsXx_NEWLINE_xXCurrent use of therapy to treat a primary cancer other than melanomaXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have biopsy-proven bladder cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXAll Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) prognostic scores allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXMen with a history of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXMen with known prostate volume (from prior imaging) of > 60ccXx_NEWLINE_xXAny other cancer from which the subject has been disease free for 3 yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with cancer that spread to the brainXx_NEWLINE_xXKnown FR alpha-negative ovarian cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients planning to undergo radiation therapy for primary or recurrent carcinomas of the lung or cancer that is metastatic to the lung.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with non-cancer diagnoses, as CALL only provides services for cancer or pre-cancer diagnoses.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with known or suspected prostate cancer who have been referred to the Department of Radiology at the University of Chicago Medical Center for a diagnostic MRI exam of the prostate, to be followed by an MRI-guided fusion biopsy of the prostateXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects have head and neck cancer as defined in history and physicalXx_NEWLINE_xXPart 2: Subjects with advanced or metastatic adenocarcinoma of the endometrium, ovarian cancer, renal cell carcinoma, melanoma, and non-small cell lung cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHas life-threatening illness unrelated to cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious or coexisting cancer(s) distinct in primary site or histology from the cancer evaluated in this study EXCEPT:Xx_NEWLINE_xXPapillary thyroid cancer (PTC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXFollicular thyroid cancer (FTC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with a separate non-cutaneous cancer diagnosis for which the patient has not been without evidence of disease for at least 5 yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXPart 2: Subjects with advanced or metastatic adenocarcinoma of endometrium, melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, and renal cell carcinomaXx_NEWLINE_xXHistological or cytological diagnosis of prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHormone sensitive relapsing prostate cancer after definitive local therapy (biochemical relapse) ORXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent immunotherapy for prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xX