General physical condition compatible with the proposed chemotherapy and surgeryXx_NEWLINE_xXCytotoxic chemotherapy or other anti-cancer agents known to be myelosuppressive; the duration of this interval must be discussed with the study chair and the study-assigned research coordinator prior to enrollment\r\n* >= 21 days after the last dose of cytotoxic or myelosuppressive chemotherapy (42 days if prior nitrosourea)Xx_NEWLINE_xXMore than one prior chemotherapy regimen administered in the metastatic setting.Xx_NEWLINE_xXReceipt of any other cytotoxic chemotherapy before Induction therapy, with exception of hydroxyurea or steroid pretreatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior chemotherapy or surgery for rectal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXThe patient must have experienced disease progression during or within 4 months after the last dose of chemotherapy for metastatic disease, during or within 6 months after the last dose of adjuvant chemotherapy, or have been intolerant of previous chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXDocumented progression on or following most recent systemic chemotherapy regimen (not required for chemotherapy-naïve patients), within 4 months prior to screeningXx_NEWLINE_xXELIGIBILITY FOR STRATUM S PATIENTS TO START MAINTENANCE CHEMOTHERAPYXx_NEWLINE_xXELIGIBILITY FOR STRATUM S PATIENTS TO START MAINTENANCE CHEMOTHERAPY:Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have completed standard neoadjuvant or adjuvant taxane and/or anthracycline based chemotherapy prior to randomization; completion of chemotherapy will be determined by the treating oncologist, but should include a minimum of 4 cycles (a cycle of weekly paclitaxel is considered 3 doses); patients must be registered within 42 weeks after the last dose of chemotherapy; patients may have started endocrine therapy at any time after the diagnosis of the current breast cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have completed all chemotherapy prior to surgery; sandwich chemotherapy is not allowed (i.e. chemotherapy planned to be given after surgery); patients must have completed at least 4 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy consisting of an anthracycline and/or taxane-based regimen without evidence of disease progression in the breast or the lymph nodes\r\n* Note: Delays/dose modifications due to toxicities/adverse events are allowed as long as a minimum of 4 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy is administered; more than 4 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) may be administered at the discretion of the treating medical oncologistXx_NEWLINE_xXAll patients must have a clinically negative axilla (no bulky adenopathy) on physical examination documented at the completion of neoadjuvant chemotherapy\r\n* Note: an ultrasound of the axilla is not required at completion of neoadjuvant chemotherapy; if performed, its findings do NOT impact eligibilityXx_NEWLINE_xXNo SLN surgery/excisional biopsy for pathological confirmation of axillary status prior to or during neoadjuvant chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy within 5 years prior to registration; (hormonal therapy is allowable if the disease free interval is >= 5 years)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must not have received any chemotherapy within 14 days prior to registrationXx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior radiotherapy or chemotherapy (except for the chemotherapy described in the bullet above) for small cell lung cancer (SCLC)Xx_NEWLINE_xXNo neoadjuvant chemotherapy =< 4 weeks before pre-registrationXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients may have received only one prior chemotherapy regimen for metastatic disease provided treatment was completed >= 3 weeks prior to randomizationXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient must have completed a minimum of 8 weeks of standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy consisting of an anthracycline and/or taxane-based regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXFor patients who receive adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery, a maximum of 12 weeks of intended chemotherapy may be administered but must be completed before randomization; (if treatment delays occur, chemotherapy must be completed within 14 weeks); the dose and schedule of the adjuvant chemotherapy are at the investigator's discretion; Note: it is preferred that all intended chemotherapy be administered in the neoadjuvant settingXx_NEWLINE_xXThe interval between the last surgery for breast cancer (including re-excision of margins) and randomization must be no more than 70 days; also, if adjuvant chemotherapy was administered, the interval between the last chemotherapy treatment and randomization must be no more than 70 daysXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients may not have had any prior systemic treatment for this malignancy (for example chemotherapy or somatostatin analogues); prior palliative radiation is permitted but radiated lesions may not be used for measurementXx_NEWLINE_xXAny prior chemotherapy (based on administration schedule) must have been completed in greater than or equal to the following times prior to registration:\r\n* Chemotherapy/ targeted oral therapy administered in a daily or weekly schedule must be completed >= 1 week prior to registration; \r\n* Any chemotherapy administered in an every 2 week or greater schedule must be completed >= 2 weeks prior to registration\r\n* Additionally, patients should be recovered to equal to or less than grade 1 Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v5.0 from toxicities related to any prior treatment, unless adverse event (AE)(s) are clinically nonsignificant and/or stable on supportive therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXHas received prior cisplatin- or carboplatin-based chemotherapy regimen for malignancy including diagnoses other than germ cell tumorXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients receiving systemic chemotherapy within 3 weeks prior to randomizationXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have had neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery; the recommended neoadjuvant treatment should include 16-24 weeks of a third generation chemotherapy regimen as recommended by National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines for triple negative breast cancer (examples include dose dense adriamycin-cytoxan [AC] followed by dose-dense paclitaxel; weekly paclitaxel x 12 followed or preceded by cyclophosphamide-adriamycin-fluorouracil [FAC], fluorouracil-epirubicin-cytoxan [FEC], AC or dose dense AC; docetaxel either followed or preceded by FEC/FAC or AC; carboplatin-containing neoadjuvant chemotherapy is also allowed); patients who cannot complete all planned treatment cycles for any reason are considered high risk and therefore are eligible for the study if they have residual disease; patients must have resolution of adverse event(s) of the most recent prior chemotherapy to grade 1 or less, except alopecia and =< grade 2 neuropathy which are allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have completed their final breast surgery (rendering them free from disease) with clear resection margins for invasive cancer and DCIS within the following timelines:\r\n* 90 days prior to screening registration for patients not receiving post-operative (adjuvant) chemotherapy OR\r\n* 270 days prior to screening registration for patients who have received post-operative (adjuvant) chemotherapy\r\nPatients who receive postoperative chemotherapy may receive radiation therapy before or after the chemotherapy; a short course of reduced dose chemotherapy concomitant with radiation for radiation sensitization is not considered to be adjuvant chemotherapy; positive margins are allowed only if the surgical team of the patient deems further resection impossibleXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious or concurrent cytotoxic chemotherapy for prostate cancer; note that prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is allowableXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with cervix cancer who have received any previous radiation or chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXNewly diagnosed and histopathologically confirmed, potentially resectable NRSTS of the extremity and trunk will be eligible for the chemotherapy or non-chemotherapy cohort based on:\r\n* Evidence of chemotherapy sensitivity of the histologic sarcoma subtype based on existing evidence from prior clinical trials\r\n* Sufficient risk of metastatic disease to warrant chemotherapy based on size and grade and\r\n* Medically deemed able or unable to undergo chemotherapy\r\n* Notes: an incisional biopsy or core biopsy is preferred; fine needle aspiration biopsy is not acceptable to establish the diagnosisXx_NEWLINE_xXELIGIBILITY FOR CHEMOTHERAPY COHORT:Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients meeting the above criteria (histology, size, and grade) with the EXCEPTION of histologies noted above may enroll on the chemotherapy cohort or the non-chemotherapy cohort at the discretion of the enrolling investigator; patients meeting these criteria with the EXCEPTION of histologies noted above but medically deemed unable to receive chemotherapy or who elect not to receive chemotherapy are eligible for the non-chemotherapy cohortXx_NEWLINE_xXELIGIBILITY FOR NON-CHEMOTHERAPY COHORT:Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients meeting the criteria (histology, size, and grade) with the EXCEPTION of histologies noted above may enroll on the non-chemotherapy cohort at the discretion of the enrolling investigator; patients meeting these criteria with the EXCEPTION of histologies noted above but medically deemed unable to receive chemotherapy or who elect not to receive chemotherapy are eligible for the non-chemotherapy cohort; note that tumors arising in bone are NOT eligible for this studyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received any chemotherapy (excluding steroids) and/or RT prior to this enrollmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients may have received prior hormone therapy and/or systemic chemotherapy; such therapy must have been completed at least 6 months prior to study entry and the patient has clear evidence of disease subsequent to such therapy; patients must not have received neoadjuvant chemotherapy for the present recurrent diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who received chemotherapy directed at the present recurrenceXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy for the study cancer; note that prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is allowable if completed more than two years prior to step 1 registration; prior androgen deprivation is allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXWith the exception of steroid pretreatment or the administration of intrathecal cytarabine, patients must not have received any prior cytotoxic chemotherapy for either the current diagnosis of B-ALL or any cancer diagnosed prior to the initiation of protocol therapy on AALL1131; patients cannot have secondary B-ALL that developed after treatment of a prior malignancy with cytotoxic chemotherapy; patients receiving prior steroid therapy may be eligible for AALL1131Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior treatment with oxaliplatin chemotherapy within 6 months prior to randomizationXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have completed induction therapy within 120 days prior to registration to step 1, AND no more than 300 days may have elapsed from the first dose of induction chemotherapy (cycle 1 [C1] day 1 [D1]) given, until the last day of induction chemotherapy administered; for those assigned to Arms A, C, or D, the date of transplant (“day 0”) must not be greater than 365 days after the first dose of induction chemotherapy (C1D1) given\r\n* Patient must have received at least four (4) cycles of induction therapy \r\n* Up to two regimens of chemotherapy are allowed as long as a continuous response was ongoing throughout therapy\r\n** NOTE: For example, a patient who started treatment with rituximab/bendamustine and was then switched to R-CHOP (due to insufficient response or excessive toxicity) would be counted as having received 2 regimens; however, R-CHOP alternating with R-DHAP as a planned induction regimen would count as one regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXCytotoxic therapy: at least 14 days since the completion of cytotoxic therapy with the exception of hydroxyurea, which is permitted up to 24 hours prior to the start of protocol therapy, or maintenance chemotherapy, or intrathecal chemotherapy (methotrexate strongly preferred) administered at the time of the required diagnostic lumbar puncture to establish baseline CNS statusXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with secondary APL are excluded; this includes all patients with APL that may have resulted from prior treatment (chemotherapy or radiation)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received treatment with any other cytotoxic chemotherapy prior to beginning protocol therapy (other than allowed in above criteria) are excludedXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient must have progressed or be refractory to prior anthracycline-containing chemotherapy (e.g. R-CHOP, DA-EPOCH-R, etc)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy or radiosensitizers for cancers of the head and neck region; note that prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is allowable (except temozolomide)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received prior pelvic radiation or cytotoxic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received any prior cytotoxic chemotherapy for the current diagnosis of ALCL or any cancer diagnosed previously are not eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXIntrathecal chemotherapy prior to enrollment is allowed for the current diagnosis of ALCL as long as adequate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is obtained prior to administration of the intrathecal chemotherapy and subsequently demonstrated to be negative for ALCLXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy for the study cancer; note that prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is allowable; however, at least 6-weeks recovery is necessary if the last regimen included nitrosourea or mitomycinXx_NEWLINE_xXALL developing after a previous cancer treated with cytotoxic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy or radiation therapy for salivary gland malignancy; note that prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is allowableXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy for the current cervical cancer; note that prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is allowableXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy for the study cancer; note that prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is allowableXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy for the study cancer; note that prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is allowable; must be off treatment for at least 3 years; (applicable only to studies that incorporate systemic therapy)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatient must not have had prior immunotherapy or chemotherapy for malignant pleural mesotheliomaXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received any prior cytotoxic chemotherapy or biologics for sex cord-stromal tumors (SCSTs)Xx_NEWLINE_xXMust have received 3-6 cycles of cisplatin-based chemotherapy as part of first-line (initial) chemotherapy; prior cisplatin, vincristine, methotrexate, bleomycin, actinomycin D, cyclophosphamide, etoposide (POMBACE), carboplatin, bleomycin, vincristine, and cisplatin-bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (CBOP-BEP), or methotrexate, actinomycin-D, etoposide, cisplatin, peg filgrastim (GAMEC) are allowed; Note: for patients requiring immediate treatment, 1 cycle of conventional-dose salvage chemotherapy is allowed (including TI or TIP); therefore, these patients may have received 7 prior cycles of chemotherapy; 6 cycles as part of first-line chemotherapy and 1 cycle of salvage conventional chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXNo more than one prior line of chemotherapy for GCT (other than the 1 cycle of salvage chemotherapy)\r\n* Definition of one line of chemotherapy: One line of therapy can in some cases consist of 2 different cisplatin-based treatment combinations, provided there is no disease progression between these two regimens; for example, a patient could have received 2 cycles of bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (BEP) followed by 2 cycles of cisplatin, ifosfamide, and etoposide (VIP) if the switch from BEP to VIP was made due to pulmonary toxicity rather than disease progression; this would be considered 1 line of prior therapy; in addition, if a patient received 4 cycles of BEP and then underwent post-chemotherapy resection of residual tumor with findings of residual viable non-teratomatous GCT, and subsequently received 2 additional cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy (etoposide, cisplatin [EP] or an alternate regimen such as VIP) in the absence of disease progression, this would also be considered 1 regimen; however, if any change in therapy is prompted by tumor progression including rising tumor markers, this is considered to represent 2 lines of prior treatment\r\n* Prior treatment with carboplatin as adjuvant therapy is allowed, provided patients meet other eligibility criteria (e.g., the patient has also received 3-4 cycles of cisplatin-based chemotherapy)\r\n* Prior treatment with 1-2 cycles of BEP or EP as adjuvant chemotherapy for early stage GCT is allowed, provided the patient also received 3-4 cycles of BEP or EP again at relapse; patients treated with 3-4 cycles of VIP at relapse following 1-2 cycles of BEP/EP are not eligible as this would be considered more than 1 line of prior therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy is allowed, including platinum therapy; patients must not have received chemotherapy for 4 weeks prior to the initiation of study treatment and must have recovery =< grade 1 from any adverse events from any prior chemotherapy (other than alopecia); patients must not have had nitrosoureas or mitomycin C for 6 weeks prior to the initiation of study treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXAt least 1 prior chemotherapy regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXMore than one prior chemotherapy-containing line(re-challenge with the same initial regimen is not allowed)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy for castration resistant disease; chemotherapy given in the castration-sensitive setting is permissible if stopped at least 4 weeks prior to treatment startXx_NEWLINE_xXOne of the breast disease stages listed below:\r\n* Note: In the definitions below, definitive surgery is defined as the final surgery performed to obtain clear surgical margins\r\n* Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was not administered\r\n** If neoadjuvant chemotherapy was NOT administered, pathologic staging must be T1-3, N1-2a following definitive surgery\r\n* Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was administered\r\n** If prior to initiation of neoadjuvant chemotherapy clinical staging was T1-3, N0, pathologic staging must be T1-3, N1-2a following definitive surgery\r\n** If prior to initiation of neoadjuvant chemotherapy clinical staging was T1-3, N1, pathologic staging must be T0-3, N0-2a following definitive surgery\r\n** If prior to initiation of neoadjuvant chemotherapy there was cytologic or pathologic confirmation of axillary nodal involvement (per any of the criteria listed below), pathologic staging must be T0-3, N0-2a following definitive surgery\r\n*** Positive fine-needle aspiration (FNA) (ie, demonstrating malignant cells)\r\n*** Positive core needle biopsy (ie, demonstrating invasive adenocarcinoma)\r\n*** Positive sentinel lymph node biopsy (ie, demonstrating invasive adenocarcinoma)Xx_NEWLINE_xXIf adjuvant chemotherapy was administered, chemotherapy-related toxicity that may interfere with delivery of external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) should have resolvedXx_NEWLINE_xXSCLC, endometrial carcinoma: one prior chemotherapy-containing line.Xx_NEWLINE_xXH&N, NETs, biliary tract, CUP: one or two prior chemotherapy-containing linesXx_NEWLINE_xXEFTs: no more than two prior chemotherapy-containing lines in the metastatic/recurrent setting.Xx_NEWLINE_xXBRCA 1/2-associated metastatic breast carcinoma: at least one but no more than three prior chemotherapy-containing lines.Xx_NEWLINE_xXAt least three weeks since the last chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXSoft tissue sarcoma Rhabdomyosarcoma (At relapse after standard of care therapy [surgery, and/or radiation, chemotherapy] and/or non-responsive/progressive to accepted curative chemotherapy) Non-rhabdomyosarcoma (At relapse after standard of care therapy [surgery, and/or radiation, chemotherapy] and/or non-responsive/progressive to accepted curative chemotherapy)Xx_NEWLINE_xXBone Ewings sarcoma (At relapse after standard of care therapy [surgery, and/or radiation, chemotherapy] and/or non- responsive/progressive to accepted curative chemotherapy) Osteosarcoma (At relapse after standard of care therapy [surgery, chemotherapy] and/or non- responsive/progressive to accepted curative chemotherapy)Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects who have received any cytotoxic chemotherapy within the last 7 days prior to biopsyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with AML must be unlikely to benefit from cytotoxic chemotherapy defined by any one of the following criteria:Xx_NEWLINE_xXNeed for concurrent other cytoreductive chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXParticipants who received any lymphoma directed chemotherapy or radiotherapy with the exception of a single dose of intrathecal chemotherapy given at the time of the diagnostic lumbar puncture (spinal tap); patients who received chemotherapy or radiotherapy for Kaposi’s sarcoma > 2 years prior to study enrollment are allowed as long as the prior treatment did not include doxorubicin in its non-liposomal form; prior exposure to liposomal doxorubicin is allowed; prior exposure to intrathecal therapy given as prophylaxis within 30 days is allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXMust not have received cytotoxic chemotherapy within 14 days of entry on to this studyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient must have not received gemcitabine, oxaliplatin and/or paclitaxel chemotherapy agentsXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received previously a high dose chemotherapy regimen and autologous transplant are excluded from this studyXx_NEWLINE_xXMultiple myeloma: must have received prior chemotherapy; consolidation of chemotherapy by autografting prior to nonmyeloablative HCT is permittedXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB)-2 who have not received myelosuppressive chemotherapy i.e. induction chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXParticipant must be previously untreated, (no more than 72 hours of steroids, one intrathecal chemotherapy treatment, and/or emergency radiation)Xx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXFor dose-expansion cohort only: no more than two prior systemic chemotherapy-containing regimens in the advanced/metastatic setting (excluding trastuzumab emtansine, which is considered a targeted cytotoxic agent)Xx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients may not have progressed on more than two chemotherapy regimens in the metastatic setting; the following will NOT be counted as a prior line of cytotoxic chemotherapy:\r\n* If a patient discontinued a cytotoxic regimen due to toxicity (e.g., hypersensitivity or neuropathy) but had not progressed on that regimen, or if a prior chemotherapy regimen was discontinued after response achieved, it will not be counted in the number of prior chemotherapy regimens allowed\r\n* Prior hormonal therapy and non-hormonal targeted therapy; including the combination of an aromatase inhibitor and everolimus\r\n* Targeted and biologic therapies\r\n* The patient can receive a stable dose of bisphosphonates or denosumab for bone metastases, before and during the study as long as this was started at least 5 days prior to study treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient must be a candidate to receive at least 2 doses of mFOLFOX6 chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXCohort B Safety Run-In (Ribociclib + PDR001 + Fulvestrant): Prior chemotherapy:\r\n* Participants may have received chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer as long as the last dose is >= 21 days prior to registrationXx_NEWLINE_xXExpansion Cohort B (Ribociclib + PDR001 + Fulvestrant): Prior chemotherapy:\r\n* Participants may have received up to one prior line of chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer as long as the last dose is >= 21 days prior to first dose of study treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy requirements are as follows:\r\n* Nivolumab plus carboplatin and pemetrexed cohorts (Cohorts A and B): NO prior systemic chemotherapy is allowed; NOTE: Prior adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy is allowed if received more than 12 months prior to the study; in addition, one prior cycle (dose) of chemotherapy is allowed if there was no evidence of disease progression following the dose\r\n* Nivolumab plus ipilimumab cohorts (Cohorts C and D): Participants must have received a platinum-based combination chemotherapy for their advanced lung cancer and either progressed on/after this chemotherapy or are intolerant; up to two prior lines of chemotherapy are allowed; NOTE: Prior adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy does not count as an additional line of chemotherapy if received more than 12 months prior to the studyXx_NEWLINE_xXAt least 4 weeks (112 days) from last induction cycle of combination/multi-agent cyto-reductive chemotherapy and no single agent chemotherapy/maintenance within 7 days (e.g. lenalidomide, pomalidomide, bortezomib, dexamethasone, etc).Xx_NEWLINE_xXReceived =< four (4) prior chemotherapy regimens in the metastatic settingXx_NEWLINE_xXSubject has received or plans to receive the following excluded therapy/treatment prior to leukapheresis or lymphodepleting chemotherapy. Required Wash-out periods:Xx_NEWLINE_xXCytotoxic chemotherapy -2 weeksXx_NEWLINE_xXPositive serology for HTLV 1 or 2. Re-screening for infection disease markers is not required at baseline (prior to lymphodepleting chemotherapy)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior cytotoxic chemotherapy is allowed.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPresence of any remaining toxicities due to previous chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXReceiving prior hepatic intra-arterial chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXUnless either drug is medically contraindicated, patients must have received oxaliplatin and irinotecan as part of standard metastatic chemotherapy regimens.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy for pleural mesotheliomaXx_NEWLINE_xXReceived ? 2 prior chemotherapy regimens and have relapsed or progressive disease as confirmed by radiologic assessmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy for castration resistant disease; chemotherapy given in the castration-sensitive setting is permissible; at least 6 months from registration must have elapsed since chemotherapy was last receivedXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of grade III hemorrhagic cystitis due to prior cyclophosphamide chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXSAFETY RUN-IN: Patients are candidates for chemotherapy with carboplatin and gemcitabineXx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy, unless documented contraindicationXx_NEWLINE_xXAny prior chemotherapy for castration-resistant disease is not allowed. Previous and/or concurrent treatment with other anti-cancer treatments is permitted. Patients are allowed to be treated with chemotherapy during the duration of the trial. Patients who have received chemotherapy as part of initial androgen deprivation therapy for metastatic castration sensitive disease are eligible.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatient has had prior treatment with bevacizumab, a chemotherapy wafer implant (Gliadel), or any other FDA- approved chemotherapy except temozolomide.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of previous chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXUCC and SCCHN and salivary gland cancer - No more than three different prior treatment regimens in the advanced/metastatic setting with a maximum of two chemotherapy-containing regimensXx_NEWLINE_xXMyelosuppressive chemotherapy: at least 21 days after the last dose of myelosuppressive chemotherapy (42 days if prior nitrosourea)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy for mCRPC prostate cancer; chemotherapy given neoadjuvantly, adjuvantly, or for hormone sensitive metastatic disease is permitted as long as the cancer did not progress on chemotherapy AND > 6 months have elapsedXx_NEWLINE_xXEvidence of progressive disease during or following no more than 2 prior chemotherapy regimensXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer; chemotherapy administered in the castration-sensitive setting is allowed provided last dose of chemotherapy was greater than 12 months prior to study entryXx_NEWLINE_xXMust have shown disease progression according to RECIST, version 1.1, following prior chemotherapy for metastatic or surgically unresectable urothelial cancer. Subjects who received neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy and showed disease recurrence or progression according to RECIST, version 1.1, within 12 months of the last dose are considered to have received chemotherapy in the metastatic setting. These subjects will be referred to as chemo-refractory subjects. (Subjects who have shown disease progression according to RECIST, version 1.1 following prior treatment with anti-Programmed death-ligand 1 (anti PDL1/PD1) antibodies are also eligible)Xx_NEWLINE_xXAny cytotoxic chemotherapy within 21 days prior to initiation of study drug.Xx_NEWLINE_xXReceipt of more than 3 prior regimens of cytotoxic chemotherapy for metastatic disease unless prior approval is granted by the Sponsor.Xx_NEWLINE_xXIn Stage 1, patients may or may not have received prior chemotherapy for mCRPC. In Stage 2, patients will be enrolled into two cohorts based on whether or not they have received prior chemotherapy for mCRPC. Any prior chemotherapy must have been completed ? 4 weeks prior to administration of ES414. Additionally, in countries where abiraterone or enzalutamide are commercially available, patients in Stage 1 and 2 must have progressed on abiraterone and/or enzalutamide prior to study entry.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious use of investigational agents, chemotherapy or immunotherapy for lymphoma any time prior to enrollment (i.e. must have untreated disease); prior allogeneic or autologous transplants are also not allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXa) Active Disease (1) Clinically suspected or documented relapse/progression, in first or second relapse following at least one cycle of an asparaginase-based chemotherapy regimen OR (2) Initial disease or first or second relapse and unable to tolerate one full cycle of asparaginase-based chemotherapy regimen OR b) High-risk disease (stage III/IV, KPI groups 3-4 or IPI intermediate-high) prior to second CR regardless of previous chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXProgression at any time during initial asparaginase based chemotherapy and up to 3 months after end of initial asparaginase based chemotherapy, ORXx_NEWLINE_xXFailure to achieve at least PR with initial asparaginase based chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious treatment for MDS or AML with intensive chemotherapy regimen (induction chemotherapy) or hypomethylating agentXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who were previously treated with standard anthracycline- and/or taxane-based chemotherapy will be recruited for this studyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy is allowableXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy for the study cancer; note that prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is allowable but cannot have any other primary cancer diagnosed or treated within the last 3 years other than cutaneous skin cancers; patient may have previous chemotherapy as treatment of this previous malignancy as long as the chemotherapy has completed more than 3 years agoXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients may have received prior chemotherapy (excluding prior mTOR inhibitors)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must not have received more than 3 prior lines of cytotoxic chemotherapy for advanced disease; treatment with targeted agents or biologic agents such as antibodies as single agents will not count as a line of cytotoxic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have received some immunosuppressive chemotherapy in the preceding 3 months.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPHASE II: Patients must have received at least one prior chemotherapy or radiation regimen prior to radiographic progressionXx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy: 3 weeksXx_NEWLINE_xXFor lymphoma patients only: At least one prior systemic chemotherapy including an alkylating agent and anthracycline (unless contraindicated), and an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody if the tumor is CD20+; prior treatment with anthracycline and alkylating agent is not required for patients with natural killer (NK)/T cell lymphoma but prior treatment with platinum based chemotherapy and/or l-asparaginase is requiredXx_NEWLINE_xXCandidate for neoadjuvant chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXone prior hormonal therapy and one prior chemotherapy regimen; orXx_NEWLINE_xXScheduled to receive cisplatin chemotherapy of 80-100 mg/m²Xx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy treatment within the previous 12 monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXReceived previous systemic chemotherapy with a cumulative dose of > 900 mg/m^2 of epirubicin or > 400 mg/m^2 of doxorubicinXx_NEWLINE_xXMore than one prior line of chemotherapy administered at any time; a subject treated with chemotherapy in the hormone sensitive setting would count as one line of chemotherapy; a subject treated with chemotherapy in the hormone sensitive setting and subsequently treated with chemotherapy in the castration resistant setting would count as two lines of chemotherapy and would be excludedXx_NEWLINE_xXSubject has AML secondary to prior chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients may have received 0-1 prior chemotherapeutic regimen for metastatic breast cancer and must have been off treatment with chemotherapy for at least 21 days before enrollment in the study; the number of patients with 0 prior chemotherapeutic regimen will be limited to a maximum of n = 20Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have received at least one cycle of the cytotoxic chemotherapy regimens (or regimen of similar intensity) listed in Appendix D within 3 months of enrollment (measured from the start date of chemotherapy) OR have had an autologous transplant within 24 months of enrollment OR receive 300 cGy as part of the preparative regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy for the study cancer, if more than 4 cycles of induction chemotherapy or more than 6 months of targeted therapy; note that prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is allowableXx_NEWLINE_xXParticipant has not received more than 2 cycles of induction chemotherapy to achieve CR1. The induction cycles can be the same regimen or different regimens. The regimen(s) may contain conventional agents, investigational agents, or a combination of both.Xx_NEWLINE_xXExperienced disease progression after having received at least 1 but no more than 2 prior next-generation androgen receptor-targeted therapies, and 1 prior taxane-based chemotherapy, for castration-resistant diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXCohort A: Patients with TNBC must have received no more than 4 lines of systemic cytotoxic chemotherapy; patients must have received and failed, or have been intolerant to anthracycline, taxanes, capecitabine, eribulin or other agents known to confer clinical benefit; patients are not required to fail all these agents if, in the investigator’s opinion, patients would benefit from treatment on current protocolXx_NEWLINE_xXCohort B: Patients with recurrent endometrial cancer may have received up to 2 lines of cytotoxic chemotherapy (adjuvant and one line for recurrent disease, or 2 lines of chemotherapy for recurrent uterine cancer in patients who did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy); patients must have received and failed, or have been intolerant to platinum agents, taxanes, liposomal doxorubicin or other agents known to confer clinical benefit; patients are not required to fail all these agents if, in the investigator’s opinion, patients would benefit from treatment on current protocolXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior cytotoxic chemotherapy for metastatic prostate cancer; prior treatment with genomically-targeted agents, or Provenge is allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior radiation therapy (RT) after initial diagnosis will be allowed but there must be at least 6 months from the completion of RT (or radiosurgery); prior chemotherapy and any systemic molecularly targeted anti-tumor therapy will be allowed, and there must be at least 28 days from the last temodar chemotherapy, 42 days for nitrosourea? at least 14 days from the last dose for chemotherapy regimens given continuously or on a weekly basis with limited potential for delayed toxicityXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy within the last 2 yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXTREATMENT EXCLUSION: Subjects with rapidly progressive disease, defined as kinetic failure to previous chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXReceived chemotherapy/immunotherapy in the last 4 weeksXx_NEWLINE_xXReceived a minimum of 2 cycles of standard of care platinum-based chemotherapy in the S1 setting and had a response of progressive metabolic disease (PMD), no metabolic response (NMR), partial metabolic response (PMR) as centrally assessed by PET-/ CT scan or received at least 1 cycle of S1 chemotherapy and had evidence of PMD as centrally assessed. A pre-salvage scan is required to be submitted to the central reader if a subject had only 1 cycle of pre-salvage chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXCMR following S1 chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xX>= 2 weeks off cytotoxic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must not have received previous systemic cytotoxic chemotherapy for urothelial carcinomaXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior or concurrent antineoplastic agents (chemotherapy)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy or radiosensitizers for cancers of the head and neck region; note that prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is allowable, except prior temozolomide. Prior use of Gliadel wafers or any other intratumoral or intracavitary treatment are not permitted;Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy is allowableXx_NEWLINE_xXInduction chemotherapy was administered with any combination of the following agents:Xx_NEWLINE_xXFor subjects with TH-FL: relapsed or refractory disease following at least 2 prior regimens or following an auto-HSCT. At least 1 prior regimen with an anti-CD20 mAb in combination with chemotherapy is required following documented transformationXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must be having concurrent chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXAdministration of chemotherapy within the last 1 monthXx_NEWLINE_xXMust have previously received and progressed on at least 1 prior chemotherapy regimen.Xx_NEWLINE_xXAfter chemotherapy, patients must be restaged prior Step 1 registration using the same diagnostic work-up as required pre-chemotherapy; repeat PET/CT or bone scan is not required; patients must have:\r\n* History/physical examination within 30 days of Step 1 registration\r\n* No central nervous system (CNS) metastases (repeat MRI required) within 56 days prior to Step 1 registration\r\n* No progression in any site\r\n* Radiographic partial or complete response to chemotherapy in at least one disease site within 56 days prior to Step 1 registration\r\n** If PET/CT was obtained prior to chemotherapy, either a repeat PET/CT or CT of the chest and abdomen with contrast can be obtained for response assessment\r\n** Patients who underwent resection for limited-stage SCLC prior to chemotherapy and have no radiographically evident disease for response assessment remain eligible if post-chemotherapy imaging demonstrates no progressionXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior radiation therapy (RT) after the initial diagnosis will be allowed; patients with prior RT must be at least 6 months from the completion of RT (or radiosurgery); prior chemotherapy or molecularly targeted therapy will be allowed; patients with prior chemotherapy must be at least 6 months from the last dose of chemotherapy or molecularly targeted therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXProgressive disease after >= 1 prior chemotherapy regimensXx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy: at least 2 weeks since prior cytotoxic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXAML (with the exception of AML M3), patients with relapsed or refractory AML following treatment with cytotoxic chemotherapy or a targeted or biologic agentXx_NEWLINE_xXAML unsuitable for intensive chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXnewly diagnosed AML unsuitable for intensive chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious treatment with chemotherapy for metastatic CRPC (mCRPC) (adjuvant chemotherapy is permitted), or chemotherapy for any reason within 2 years prior to registrationXx_NEWLINE_xXIntention to receive chemotherapy within 6 months after enrollment in protocol therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXProgressive disease after 1-3 prior chemotherapy regimens (perioperative chemotherapy within 12 months will be considered one regimen)Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects with MIBC not meeting the above criteria are still eligible provided the patient declines neoadjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy, after specific informed consent describing the known benefits of cisplatin-based chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy or radiation therapy for transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder\r\n* Subjects who have received prior intravesical chemotherapy are allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy if this precludes administration of concurrent chemotherapy for protocol treatment; note that induction chemotherapy is allowed as long as concurrent chemotherapy is possibleXx_NEWLINE_xXConventional cytotoxic chemotherapy: ?4 weeksXx_NEWLINE_xXPlatinum-resistant or platinum-refractory disease, defined as either 1) less than a complete response to the most recent carboplatin- or cisplatin-containing chemotherapy regimen, 2) serum cancer antigen (CA)-125 >= 2 x upper limit of normal (ULN) within 180 days of last dose of carboplatin- or cisplatin-containing chemotherapy, confirmed by a second CA-125 (the second CA-125 does not have to be within 180 days of chemotherapy), or 3) CT or positron emission tomography (PET)/CT evidence of cancer recurrence within 180 days of last dose of carboplatin- or cisplatin-containing chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have received prior radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy and recovered from the acute treatment related toxicities (defined as =< grade 1 if not defined in eligibility criteria) of all prior chemotherapy, immunotherapy or radiotherapy prior to entering this study; there is no upper limit to the number of prior therapies that is allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy or tumor vaccine therapy or biological therapy for the treatment of melanoma. Subjects who received chemotherapy for the management of other malignancies are potentially eligible if the subject has not received chemotherapy in prior 5 years, remained disease free, and following discussion with and agreement by the principal investigatorXx_NEWLINE_xXNo indication for chemotherapy; candidate for observationXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy or therapy with one of the investigational agents within 1 month prior to enrollmentXx_NEWLINE_xXThere is no limit to the number of prior chemotherapy regimens received; patients must have received at least one line of prior systemic chemotherapy for advanced unresectable and/or metastatic diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received any of the following:\r\n* > 2 chemotherapy regimens\r\n* Myeloablative chemotherapy with stem cell rescue\r\n* Craniospinal irradiationXx_NEWLINE_xXAny number of prior chemotherapy or targeted agents including rapamycin analogues are allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received prior surgery, gene therapy, or combination chemotherapy will be permitted if it has been at least 30 days since the last treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXMust have received first line chemotherapy; no upper limit to number of prior therapiesXx_NEWLINE_xXAny number of prior chemotherapy regimens are allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must be able to receive protocol chemotherapy in the judgment of the treating medical oncologistXx_NEWLINE_xXMust be at least 7 days since last chemotherapy was administered (this does not include intrathecal chemotherapy which can be administered at any given time pre study or upon enrollment nor does it include maintenance chemotherapy for the subset of patients who relapse during maintenance); for patients who were previously enrolled on the trial but were removed prior to receiving T cell therapy and are re-enrolling on the trial and already have a useable T cell product generated during previous enrollment, the duration and chemotherapy agents used is not restrictedXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have relapsed or refractory disease following at least two prior platinumcontaining chemotherapy regimensXx_NEWLINE_xXParticipant has received no prior radiotherapy or chemotherapy for RMS (excluding steroids); at least 6 weeks must have passed since last dose of myelosuppressive chemotherapy or radiation therapy for conditions other than RMS; patients must have recovered from acute toxicity of any prior myelosuppressive chemotherapy or radiation therapy; prior biopsy, surgical resection and lymph node sampling is allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy for metastatic CRPC; prior neoadjuvant chemotherapy or chemotherapy for metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer are allowed so long as this treatment was completed at least 6 months prior to initiation of sipuleucel-TXx_NEWLINE_xXIneligible for or have declined initial conventional combination chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXCOHORT B, GROUP 3: COLORECTAL CANCER: Patients must have failed a minimum of one previous line of chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients that have undergone immunotherapy in combination with non-myeloablative chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXReceiving concurrent immunotherapy or chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXNo concurrent XRT or chemotherapy is allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients receiving concomitant chemotherapy administration in the 5 days preceding brachytherapy (except for gynecological cancer patients who may have received concurrent chemotherapy as a component of their treatment regimen)Xx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy refractory large cell and high grade NHL (i.e., progressive disease after > 2 salvage regimens)Xx_NEWLINE_xXTiming of radiation must be according to the IRS protocol upon which the patient is treated within either 35 days of last chemotherapy or surgery; the clinical characteristics dictate the need for or/and timing of surgery and radiotherapy in relation to the chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXRefusal to practice contraception during chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXHas received no more than 5 previous lines of chemotherapy and has received at least two lines of chemotherapy in the metastatic setting.Xx_NEWLINE_xXTREATMENT WITH SJCAR19: Receiving intrathecal chemotherapy in the 7 days prior to CAR T-cell infusionXx_NEWLINE_xXNo more than 3 lines of chemotherapy in the metastatic setting.Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects who progressed on at least one prior chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have had chemotherapy (for other malignancies) within 3 years prior to registration.Xx_NEWLINE_xXContraindication to cyclophosphamide or fludarabine chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXReceiving any investigational agents or concurrent biological, intensive chemotherapy or radiation therapy for the previous 2 weeks from conditioning\r\n* NOTE: low dose chemotherapy or maintenance chemotherapy given within 7 days of planned study enrollment is permitted; these include: hydroxyurea, 6-meraptopurine, oral methotrexate, vincristine, oral etoposide, and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs); FLT-3 inhibitors can also be given up to 3 days before conditioning regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXFailure to one induction course of chemotherapy (these patients will be analyzed separately)Xx_NEWLINE_xXInduction chemotherapy prior to concurrent chemoradiation is allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXPlanned treatment with radiation therapy alone without concurrent chemotherapy or chemotherapy aloneXx_NEWLINE_xXINCLUSION - TREATMENT: Undergo neoadjuvant chemotherapy with a trastuzumab based regimen prior to surgery and plan for completion of one year of trastuzumabXx_NEWLINE_xXPlans for administration of neoadjuvant chemotherapy or hormonal therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients cannot be on a targeted agent (e.g., sunitinib or everolimus) or receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy (e.g., capecitabine or temozolomide); they can’t be on telotristat ethyl; previous use is acceptable if the patient has been off for over one monthXx_NEWLINE_xX3 weeks from prior chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXMore than two prior cytotoxic chemotherapy regimens for the treatment of mCRPCXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have had at least one prior chemotherapy regimen that includes pemetrexed and cisplatin or carboplatin; there is no limit to the number of prior chemotherapy regimens receivedXx_NEWLINE_xXAny diagnosis without prior immunosuppressive chemotherapy within 3 months of intended admission for transplant.Xx_NEWLINE_xXTreatment with cytotoxic chemotherapy within 3 months prior to enrollmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPart A patients who have received more than 3 prior cytoreductive chemotherapy regimens.Xx_NEWLINE_xXTreatment with any systemic chemotherapy within 3 weeksXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects must refuse or be deemed ineligible for cisplatin-based chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXCOHORT 1: HORMONE RECEPTOR POSITIVE BREAST CANCER: HR+BC patients must have received prior treatment with at least 2 lines of hormonal treatment (selective estrogen receptor modulator [SERM], adriamycin-ifosfamide [AI], or fulvestrant) and deemed ineligible for further hormonal therapy; patients may have received prior chemotherapy and there is no limit to the number of prior chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXOne prior line of chemotherapy and/or targeted agents for metastatic disease are permitted. This chemotherapy can include maintenance therapy, as long as it was given in the front line setting. In addition, prior antiangiogenic therapy (e.g. bevacizumab) is permitted if used as frontline treatment.Xx_NEWLINE_xXOnly one line of prior systemic treatment for metastatic urothelial cancer. Participants who received neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy and showed disease progression (as defined above), within 12 months of the last dose are considered to have received systemic chemotherapy in the metastatic setting Cohort 1: prior chemotherapy and anti-PD(L)1 [in combination or in maintenance setting] (anti-PD(L)1 alone is allowed only for participants with documented cisplatin ineligibility) and Cohort 2: prior chemotherapy (no prior anti-PD(L)1 treatment)Xx_NEWLINE_xXMust have received at least two one prior line of therapy for mCRPC; a taxane chemotherapy administered for metastatic castration sensitive disease will not count, unless patient develops disease progression within 12 months from the last dose chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient is actively being treated or intends to be treated with systemic chemotherapy during the duration of the trial.Xx_NEWLINE_xXNo limit to the number of prior chemotherapy or endocrine therapy regimens received; use of a previous fluoropyrimidine-containing regimen in advanced/metastatic setting is permitted as long as the subject discontinued the regimen for reasons other than progressionXx_NEWLINE_xXFor metastatic colorectal cancers, patients starting maintenance capecitabine after a course of oxaliplatin or irinotecan based chemotherapy are eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXFor Dose Escalation, NSCLC and Ovarian Expansion Cohorts: Subject must have failed at least one prior chemotherapy regimen for metastatic disease (urothelial and bladder cancer subjects are not required to have failed prior chemotherapy regimen if considered unfit for cisplatin-based chemotherapy)Xx_NEWLINE_xXEligible for neoadjuvant chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior systemic cancer therapy for recurrent or metastatic disease (except if chemotherapy was part of multimodal treatment completed 6 months prior to enrolment).Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy for AML. Hydroxyurea is allowed for the control of peripheral leukemic blasts in subjects with leukocytosisXx_NEWLINE_xXSalvage chemotherapy including TKIs for Ph+ ALL within 1 week prior to enrollmentXx_NEWLINE_xXMyelosuppressive chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPHASE II: Patients must have received at least one prior chemotherapy or radiation regimen prior to progressionXx_NEWLINE_xXAbsence of baseline imaging studies (CT abdomen/pelvis and Chest x-ray minimum) both prior to beginning chemotherapy and following chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior or concomitant chemotherapy for metastatic or recurrent disease with the following exceptions:\r\n* Prior chemotherapy for local primary disease is permitted\r\n* Bisphosphonates or receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-? (RANK) ligand inhibitors are allowed at doses and schedule consistent with the treatment or prevention of osteoporosisXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients previously treated with chemotherapy must have no more than two prior chemotherapy regimens for the treatment of metastatic prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients scheduled to receive intraoperative chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXWhile receiving chemotherapy, the patient must use a condom if having sex with a pregnant womanXx_NEWLINE_xXNo more than 1 prior chemotherapy regimen in the metastatic setting for the phase 2 portion; patients in the phase 1 portion could have received any number of prior lines of therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXNo evidence of distant metastasis either prior to or after induction chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXContraindication to cyclophosphamide or fludarabine chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must be considered candidates for intensive chemotherapy treatment with standard doses of cytarabine and anthracycline regimen (“7+3 regimen”)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have had prior chemotherapy for AMLXx_NEWLINE_xXMust be at least 7 days since last chemotherapy was administered (this does not include intrathecal chemotherapy which can be administered at any given time pre study or upon enrollment nor does it include maintenance chemotherapy for the subset of subjects who relapse during maintenance)\r\n* If subject has an apheresis product or T cells available for manufacturing of T cell product, the duration and chemotherapy agents used is not restrictedXx_NEWLINE_xXCompletion of preoperative systemic chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXTreatment with chemotherapy within 28 days of registration including subjects who received more than 2 chemotherapy regimens in the metastatic setting at any time prior to registrationXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of prior chemotherapy (chemotherapy allowed for lead-in cohort in castration resistant disease)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have received at least one prior chemotherapy regimen and up to any number of prior systemic regimens including chemotherapy and molecular targeted therapy other than PD1/ PDL1/ PDL2 inhibitorsXx_NEWLINE_xXMetastatic colorectal cancer patients have progressed following at least one line of fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have NOT received more than two total prior lines of cytotoxic chemotherapy for management of recurrent or persistent disease, including re-treatment with initial chemotherapy regimensXx_NEWLINE_xXHas received cytotoxic chemotherapy for post-transplant relapse prior to study entryXx_NEWLINE_xXRapidly progressive relapse requiring urgent chemotherapy as determined by treating physicianXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients that receive concurrent chemotherapy with the exception of concurrent vincristineXx_NEWLINE_xXELIGIBILITY FOR LYMPHODEPLETION CHEMOTHERAPY AND T CELL INFUSIONXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients may have had prior chemotherapy or be chemotherapy naiveXx_NEWLINE_xXHave documented radiographic progression to or documented intolerance of first line systemic chemotherapy which included either gemcitabine or fluorouracil (5-FU) based regimen (including capecitabine)Xx_NEWLINE_xXIf HCC patients, they should have progressive disease (PD) on intolerant of or refusing sorafenib. If mCRC, they should have received at least one regimen of 5-fluouracil based systemic chemotherapy such as FOLFOX, FOLFIRI, CAPOX, or XELOX, with or without a VEGF or EGFR receptor inhibitor. For patients with metastatic gastric cancer, they should have failed at least one line of systemic chemotherapy. For patients with NSCLC, they should have been treated with a PD-1 inhibitor (either with or without chemotherapy) for at least 4 months but are not able to achieve a response.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must discontinue therapies for mCRPC, with the exception of GnRH agent, for 14 days, with the exception of anti-androgens with which there may be a withdrawal PSA response\r\n* Prior chemotherapy is allowed if no progression of disease on chemotherapy\r\n* Prior treatment with sipuleucel-T, radium-223, or PARP inhibitor (e.g. olaparib) is allowed\r\n* Tissue biopsy may be performed during washout periodXx_NEWLINE_xXMultiple myeloma – must have received prior chemotherapy; consolidation of chemotherapy by autografting prior to nonmyeloablative HCT is permittedXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB) who have not received myelosuppressive chemotherapy i.e. induction chemotherapy and will receive conditioning Regimen C (fludarabine and total body irradiation [TBI]) will be excluded; patients with RAEB who have not received myelosuppressive chemotherapy but who will receive conditioning Regimen A or B are eligible for this study as long as other inclusion and exclusion criteria are metXx_NEWLINE_xXMust be at least 7 days since last chemotherapy was administered (this does not include intrathecal chemotherapy which can be administered at any given time pre study or upon enrollment nor does it include maintenance chemotherapy for the subset of subjects who relapse during maintenance)\r\n* If subject has an apheresis product or T cells available for manufacturing of T cell product, the duration and chemotherapy agents used is not restrictedXx_NEWLINE_xXReceived systemic treatment for cancer, including immunotherapy, within 28 days prior to initiation of conditioning chemotherapy administration within this protocolXx_NEWLINE_xXAny other condition that may not allow safe use of chemotherapy based on the clinical judgment of the treating oncologistXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient has received any previous intravesical therapy for bladder cancer- chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or previous exposure to Qapzola in the last 3 yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXCHEMOTHERAPY/CELL INFUSION ELIGIBILITY: Clinical performance status equivalent to ECOG 0-1 at the clinical visit prior to lymphodepletionXx_NEWLINE_xXCHEMOTHERAPY/CELL INFUSION ELIGIBILITY: Compete history and physical examination will be required within 2 weeks prior to initiation of chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy for the study cancer; note that prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is allowableXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients can either be chemotherapy-naive or have received platinum-based chemotherapy for locally advanced or metastatic disease; acute effects of therapy must have resolved to baseline severity or to CTCAE grade =< 1 except for AEs that in the investigator’s judgment do not constitute a safety risk for the patient; patients who have received prior treatment with checkpoint inhibitors are eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXhave impending visceral crisis that requires chemotherapy;Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy for any other cancer within the last 2 yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXfor subjects with TH-FL: relapsed or refractory disease following at least 2 prior regimens or following an auto-HSCT. At least 1 prior regimen with an anti-CD20 mAb in combination with chemotherapy is required following documented transformationXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients should have received at least one line of approved chemotherapy and/or hormonal therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXNot considered eligible for any of the chemotherapy agents included in the induction regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior therapy requirements:\r\n* Wt-GIST: previously untreated participants are eligible\r\n* PHEO/PGL with germline SDH subunit mutation: 131I-methyl-iodobenzylguanine (MIBG) in patients with MIBG avid tumors or cytotoxic chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and dacarbazine [CVD] or temozolomide) is required prior to enrollment on this trial; however, patients who have refused cytotoxic chemotherapy or for whom treatment on this protocol prior to receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy is felt to be in the best interest for the patient by the local investigator will also be eligible\r\n* HLRCC-associated renal cell cancer: previously untreated participants are eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients may have unlimited prior chemotherapy treatmentsXx_NEWLINE_xXReceived at least 3 prior chemotherapy-containing regimens.Xx_NEWLINE_xXReceived fewer than 3 prior chemotherapy-containing regimens.Xx_NEWLINE_xXAt least 21 days elapsed from prior systemic chemotherapy (at least 14 days elapsed from prior systemic chemotherapy in the setting of rapidly progressive disease without significant residual extramedullary toxicity). Hydroxyurea and dexamethasone permitted up to approximately 24 hours prior to the start of therapy. Interruption of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) not required in Ph positive ALL subsetXx_NEWLINE_xXReceived chemotherapy for lung cancer within 6 months of registrationXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have received platinum based chemotherapy; the submission of a tissue sample for the mesothelin assay to determine eligibility for the study may occur prior to, during or after receipt of the frontline chemotherapy; patients will not be required to submit another tissue sample after receipt of the chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXFor stage I/II patients treated with primary chemotherapy-radiation, they must have failed (no CR or progression after CR) at least one salvage combination chemotherapy treatment regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients should receive chemotherapy to attempt to achieve CR or minimal disease state pre-transplantation; the use of up to three cycles of non-cross resistant combination chemotherapy is advisedXx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy resistant diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects have received at least two standard chemotherapy regimens for which they would be considered eligible (at least one containing a 5-fluoropyrimidine), or systemic chemotherapy is not indicated in the setting of low volume metastatic diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXReceived neoadjuvant chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received induction chemotherapy for their cancer diagnosis.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy with nitrosoureas, prior mitomycin C cumulative dose ? 25 mg/m2, prior bone marrow transplant, or prior intensive chemotherapy with stem cell support;Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have disease that is not amenable to potentially curative resection; patients must have received, been intolerant of or refused at least one line of chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPancreas patients must have progressed on at least 1 prior line of chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXCRITERIA FOR LYMPHODEPLETING CHEMOTHERAPY AND huJCAR014 TREATMENTXx_NEWLINE_xXCRITERIA FOR LYMPHODEPLETING CHEMOTHERAPY AND huJCAR014 TREATMENT: Uncontrolled and serious infectionXx_NEWLINE_xXCRITERIA FOR LYMPHODEPLETING CHEMOTHERAPY AND huJCAR014 TREATMENT: DLI within 6 weeks prior to lymphodepletion chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXLast dose of any systemic non-taxane cytotoxic chemotherapy completed at least one day prior to Day 1. Last dose of any systemic taxane cytotoxic chemotherapy completed at least 4 weeks prior to Day 1Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior to initiating chemotherapy in this study, twenty-one or more days must have elapsed since the patient's last radiation or chemotherapy administration (Hydrea, Gleevec and other tyrosine kinase inhibitors [TKI] as well as intrathecal therapy are accepted exceptions).Xx_NEWLINE_xXRadiotherapy and cancer chemotherapy (except for intrathecal chemotherapy, hydroxyurea, and cytarabine. Cytarabine and hydroxyurea are allowed to be used emergently in case of leukocytosis) or any investigational drug within 2 weeks before study entryXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy allowed, but last dose must have been at least 2 months prior to enrollmentXx_NEWLINE_xXMust have received systemic chemotherapy, minimum 3 months or maximum 6 months, prior to enrollment\r\n* Systemic therapy should consist of at least fluoropyrimidine-based and/or platinum-based chemotherapy\r\n* Trastuzumab may be added for HER2-neu over-expressing cancers as clinically indicated\r\n* Last dose of chemotherapy within 8 weeks of enrollment with recovery to grade 1 from chemotherapy-related toxicities\r\n* Documentation of chemotherapy administration must be obtainedXx_NEWLINE_xXDisease must be refractory to or intolerant of at least first-line chemotherapy which contains 5-fluorouracil or gemcitabineXx_NEWLINE_xXStatus post first-line therapy with definitive surgery (which provided tissue for pathologic diagnosis) and chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXNo more than 3 prior regimens of cytotoxic chemotherapy unless approved by the sponsor (Note: all platinum-containing regimens are not to be counted separately but are considered to be a single regimen for the purposes of this criterion)Xx_NEWLINE_xXTreatment with cytotoxic chemotherapy for malignancies other than ovarian cancer within the past 5 yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who received recent chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer are eligible; patients who received chemotherapy > 5 years ago for malignancies other than pancreatic cancer are also eligible, provided that chemotherapy was completed > 5 years ago and that there is no evidence of the second malignancy at the time of study entryXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy for the study cancer; prior chemotherapy for a remote cancer is allowableXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients at least 3 weeks from last cytotoxic chemotherapy at the time of starting lymphodepleting chemotherapy. Patients may continue tyrosine kinase inhibitors or other targeted therapies until at least two weeks prior to administration of lymphodepleting chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy (current, within the last month, or anticipated in the next 7 months)Xx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and meets one of the following disease criteria:\r\n* Primary induction failure:\r\n** De novo - no CR after 2 or more induction attempts with high dose chemotherapy\r\n** Secondary AML (from myelodysplastic syndrome [MDS] or treatment related): no CR after 1 or more cycles of high dose chemotherapy\r\n** Note: hypomethylating agents such as azacitidine will count as induction failure\r\n* Relapsed: not in CR after 1 or more cycles of standard re-induction therapy - patients > 60 years of age, the 1 cycle of standard chemotherapy is not required\r\n* Relapsed > 18 months after transplant: no re-induction required and no more than 1 re-induction cycle is allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior treatment with intravenous chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy refractory disease in aggressive NHL is defined as\r\n* Stable disease of =< 12 months or progressive disease as best response to most recent chemotherapy containing regimen\r\n* Disease progression or recurrence =< 12 months of prior autologous stem cell transplantation (SCT)Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects receiving cytotoxic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects must have received, were ineligible to receive, or refused at least one cytotoxic chemotherapy and enzalutamide or abiraterone or both enzalutamide and abirateroneXx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy concurrent with SBRT is not allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXTaxane-based chemotherapy that was aborted due to allergic reactions or intolerance to chemotherapy and therefore received 1 cycle of prior therapy is allowableXx_NEWLINE_xXPRE-SCREENING: Must have had at least one and not more than two prior chemotherapy regimens for advanced disease (neoadjuvant chemotherapy would not be counted as a line of therapy)Xx_NEWLINE_xXAn anthracycline containing chemotherapy regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXLow dose chemotherapy (e.g., vincristine, rituximab, cyclophosphamide ?300 mg/m2) given after leukapheresis to maintain disease control must be stopped ?7 days prior to lymphodepleting chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy for castration resistant disease; chemotherapy given in the hormone-sensitive setting is permissible if stopped at least 4 weeks prior to registration\r\n* Note: Patients can receive a stable dose of bisphosphonates for bone metastases, including zoledronic acid, or denosumab before and during the study as deemed appropriate by the treating physicianXx_NEWLINE_xXAt least 1 prior platinum-based chemotherapeutic regimen, but not more than 2 prior chemotherapeutic regimens, for management of endometrial carcinoma. Prior treatment may include chemotherapy, chemotherapy/radiation therapy, and/or consolidation/maintenance therapy. Chemotherapy administered in conjunction with primary radiation as a radio-sensitized therapy will be considered a systemic chemotherapy regimen.Xx_NEWLINE_xXReceived more than 1 prior systemic chemotherapy in the unresectable or metastatic setting; if the patient received 1 prior systemic chemotherapy, the patient is eligible; having received prior therapies for breast cancer (such as everolimus or experimental agents) does not affect eligibility for this studyXx_NEWLINE_xXLYMPHODEPLETION: Subjects currently receiving “maintenance” doses of chemotherapy are eligible and the need for intrathecal prophylaxis prior to lymphodepletion is left to the discretion of the investigator; maintenance chemotherapy is defined as methotrexate =< 30 mg/m^2/week, mercaptopurine =< 100 mg/m^2/day and vincristine =< 2 mg/28 days; for subjects who receive chemotherapy, including intrathecal chemotherapy, that does not fit this definition of maintenance chemotherapy, a two week washout between the last dose of standard of care chemotherapy and the beginning of lymphodepletion will be requiredXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients underwent >= 1 prior chemotherapy-based or immunotherapy-based regimen or targeted therapy (e.g., inhibitors of BTK, PI3K etc.) administered for >= 2 cycles, and have had either documented disease progression or no response (stable disease) to the most recent treatment regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXNot a candidate for or refuse chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy for the study cancer (including neoadjuvant chemotherapy); note that prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is allowable.Xx_NEWLINE_xXRequires urgent treatment with cytotoxic chemotherapy or other therapy is indicated (e.g., symptomatic visceral metastases)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have not completed all standard of care treatments, including surgical procedure and radiation therapy (at least 59 Gy)\r\n* If the MGMT promoter in their tumor is known to be unmethylated, patients are not mandated to have received chemotherapy prior to participating in this trial\r\n* If the MGMT promoter in their tumor is known to be methylated or the MGMT promoter methylation status is unknown at time of screening, patients must have received at least one chemotherapy regimen prior to participating in this trialXx_NEWLINE_xXAnother primary malignant disease, which requires systemic treatment (chemotherapy or radiation)Xx_NEWLINE_xXSymptomatic subjects who accept treatment with approved palliative or life-prolonging systemic therapies, including docetaxel and cabazitaxel chemotherapy; (Note: subjects who refuse chemotherapy or are not symptomatic or in immediate need for standard systemic therapies may be included)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients will have received at least 2 cycles of induction chemotherapy with pemetrexed/cisplatin or pemetrexed/carboplatinXx_NEWLINE_xXA female patient who is a woman of child-bearing potential (WCBP) and a male patient with a partner who is a WCBP must agree to use a medically accepted method for preventing pregnancy for the duration of immunotherapy and neoadjuvant chemotherapy and until after completion of breast surgery or, for patients who do not receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy, for a minimum of 4 months following the last dose of pembrolizumabXx_NEWLINE_xXAt least 4 weeks post-completion of chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient who received any prior systemic hormonal therapy for advanced breast cancer; no more than one prior regimen of chemotherapy for the treatment of metastatic disease is permitted Note:Xx_NEWLINE_xXParticipants in cohort B must have completed 1 cycle of systemic chemotherapy; therapy with the combination must start no sooner than 3 weeks from the last dose of chemotherapy and no later than 5 weeks from the last dose of chemotherapy; participants in cohort B must not have had progression of disease prior to the start of therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious systemic chemotherapy or radiation for pancreatic cancer is not allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXAt least 1 line of prior taxane-based chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXRadiographic disease recurrence or progression during or after the last line of chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior androgen deprivation or chemotherapy is allowed if discontinued at least 30 days prior to enrollmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who already received chemotherapy for recurrent metastatic IBC are not eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXPHASE 2 ONLY: Patient participants previously untreated for AML who are considered unfit for cytotoxic chemotherapy by virtue of performance status, comorbidities, advanced age and/or low likelihood of response based on disease characteristics, or who decline cytotoxic induction chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXNo evidence of distant metastasis either prior to or after induction chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXIncurable cervical or anal cancer, as defined by:\r\n* Relapsed or progressive disease at the primary site and/or regional lymph nodes after initial treatment (e.g. systemic chemotherapy) with no potentially curative option (i.e. surgery or chemoradiotherapy); chemotherapy administered in conjunction with primary radiation as a radiosensitizer will not be counted as a systemic chemotherapy regimen; OR\r\n* Distant metastasis refractory to initial treatment (at least one prior chemotherapeutic regimen which can include a single chemotherapeutic, a combination of chemotherapeutics, or biologic drugs); cervical cancer subjects with distant metastases will have received and failed bevacizumab prior to enrollment onto the trialXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior treatment with at least one standard chemotherapy regimen or targeted agent prior to enrollmentXx_NEWLINE_xXSystemic chemotherapy within 3 weeks of registrationXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects must have received at least one prior line of chemotherapy including an irinotecan or oxaliplatin-fluoropyrimidine-based systemic treatment for colorectal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received prior chemotherapy for AML with the exception of hydroxyurea or leukapheresis for leukocytosis; prior hypomethylating or immunomodulatory agents for MDS are allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients that have received a chemotherapy regimen with stem cell support in the previous 6 monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXTreatment with other chemotherapy regimen within the past 2 weeksXx_NEWLINE_xXParticipants must have received at least one prior chemotherapy regimen for their diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious treatment with any chemotherapy and/or rituximab or other monoclonal antibody.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have had at least one prior chemotherapy regimen that includes pemetrexed and cisplatin or carboplatin; there is no limit to the number of prior chemotherapy regimens receivedXx_NEWLINE_xXNo concurrent chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have had no more than 3 prior lines of chemotherapy; this includes the initial treatment and two relapses; concurrent and adjuvant TMZ-based chemotherapy, including the combination of TMZ with another agent, is considered one line of chemotherapy; for clarification, please contact the principal investigator (PI), Dr. Orin Bloch, at (312) 695-6200Xx_NEWLINE_xXHave previously received prior treatment with at least 1 but no more than 3 chemotherapy regimens in the metastatic setting.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have been previously treated, as defined by treatment with at least one prior cytotoxic chemotherapy regimen or agent; patients may have received any number of prior cytotoxic agentsXx_NEWLINE_xXUndergone lumpectomy and/or mastectomy, are at 2 weeks from end of treatment with adjuvant chemotherapy or radiation and/or chemotherapy or are at a maximum of 5 years out from completion of such treatment;Xx_NEWLINE_xXBC patients with a previous history of another cancer who have NOT received any chemotherapy or chemotherapy and radiation, but have only received surgical treatments are eligible;Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have not previously undergone radiation therapy can have a history of treatment with either chemotherapy (for unresectable/borderline resectable disease) or any combination of surgery and chemotherapy (for resectable disease); patients with no history of prior radiation treatment will constitute Cohort B and will receive SBRT as 6.6 Gy x 5; please note that patients must have received at least two cycles of chemotherapy (with selection of drugs at the discretion of the treating oncologist) before SBRT treatment on protocolXx_NEWLINE_xXAt least 21 days must have elapsed after the last dose of myelosuppressive chemotherapy; patients who have been treated with chemotherapy at time of recurrence are NOT eligible for either StratumXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with solid organ malignancy who have received chemotherapy within the past six monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior systemic chemotherapy for transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder (prior intravesical therapy is allowed); any other prior chemotherapy must have been completed > 5 years prior to initiation of therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXRelapsed or refractory high-grade myeloid neoplasms, defined as having a blast count of >= 10% blasts at initial diagnosis; examples include excess blasts (EB)-2, with >= 10% blasts at initial diagnosis, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML-2); standard definitions of relapse will apply (i.e., characterized by >= 5% abnormal blasts as assessed by multiparameter flow cytometry or morphologic examination; peripheral blood blasts; or extramedullary granulocytic sarcoma, per European LeukemiaNet [ELN] 2017 guidelines); bone marrow aspirate/biopsy will be accepted if performed outside University of Washington/Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (UW/FHCRC); determination of disease status should occur within 30 days of signing informed consent\r\n* R/R high-grade myeloid neoplasm following intensive induction chemotherapy; relapsed high-grade myeloid neoplasm: patients will be classified as relapsed if they have >= 5% blasts after being in a complete remission (CR) following treatment for high-grade myeloid neoplasm; refractory high-grade myeloid neoplasm: patients may be classified as refractory if they have received at least one prior cycle of induction chemotherapy, whether with cladribine cytarabine mitoxantrone (GCLAM) or another regimen\r\n** Patients may have received up to two courses of intensive induction chemotherapy during initial treatment prior to enrollment on this protocol; for example, patients who have received two courses of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) GCLAM (or similar) chemotherapy, with most recent high-dose cytarabine-containing chemotherapy > 6 months ago and CR lasting > 6 months, will be eligible for this protocol; regimens “similar to GCLAM” would include cytarabine at doses of 1g/m^2 for at least 5 doses; examples of regimens “similar to GCLAM” would be GCLA, fludarabine cytarabine granulocyte (FLAG), and FLAG-idarubicin (ida); however, patients who received more than two courses of GCLAM (or similar) chemotherapy, or patients who received two courses of GCLAM and had CR lasting < 6 months, would not be eligible\r\n* R/R high-grade myeloid neoplasm following less intensive induction chemotherapy. Patients who have received at least three cycles of treatment with a hypomethylating agent (HMA; such as azacitidine or decitabine) and still have >= 10% blasts will be eligible for the study (they will be considered refractory); similarly, patients who have received three or more cycles of HMA therapy who have had a response (e.g., achieving CR with < 5% blasts), but who then progress using standard definitions of relapse, will also be eligible (they will be considered relapsed)Xx_NEWLINE_xXMore than two prior courses of induction chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received prior chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients previously treated with systemic chemotherapy and/or biologic agents for colorectal cancer are eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXContraindication to repeat breast biopsy (neoadjuvant chemotherapy group)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must be at least 4 weeks from last dose of chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy within 28 days of starting treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy or radiation therapy for urothelial carcinoma or cytotoxic chemotherapy for another malignancy within 1 year of study entry are ineligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent therapy\r\n* The concurrent use of bevacizumab is allowed if previously initiated for tumor progression or symptomatic management; prior temozolomide or other cytotoxic chemotherapy is allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXHave received the last dose of induction or consolidation chemotherapy within 3 months of enrollmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have contraindication to cyclophosphamide chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received any non-anti-folate containing neoadjuvant or systemic chemotherapy are eligible; any prior intravesical therapy, or immunotherapy is allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who received previous anti-folate-containing chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXHas had no prior systemic cytotoxic chemotherapy for urothelial carcinoma (prior intravesicular chemotherapies are permitted)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPRIOR TO LYMPHODEPLETION: Received chemotherapy within the previous 3 weeks prior to lymphodepletionXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received any other previous antitumor therapies (other than anthracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy for the current cancer event)Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects requiring daily corticosteroids, other than those given as premedication for the anthracycline-based chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXAny prior treatment with radiation therapy or chemotherapy for the currently diagnosed breast cancer prior to registration; endocrine therapy may be given but not within 28 days prior to study entry and must be stopped if the patient will be receiving chemotherapy until completion of chemotherapy; patients must discontinue any hormonal agents such as raloxifene, tamoxifen, or other selective estrogen receptor modulators prior to registrationXx_NEWLINE_xXFailed at least 1 prior chemotherapy regimen for advanced NSCLCXx_NEWLINE_xXWilling to reside < 50 kilometers from Kamuzu Central Hospital (KCH) until chemotherapy completionXx_NEWLINE_xXReceived at least one prior line of therapy including immuno-chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients may have received prior systemic chemotherapy; such therapy must have been completed at least 5 years prior to study entry and the patient has no evidence of disease subsequent to such therapy; patients must not have received neoadjuvant chemotherapy for the present diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who received chemotherapy directed at the present diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have had more than one line of chemotherapy for LAPC (other than the 4-8 cycles of FOLFIRINOX or gemcitabine/abraxane based chemotherapy); patients will be allowed to switch between FOLFIRINOX and gemcitabine/abraxane due to intolerance, but cannot have switched chemotherapy regimens due to radiographic or clinical disease progressionXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have only received single agent gemcitabine chemotherapy; abraxane component may be reduced or modified but must be included for a minimum of two cyclesXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must not have received any systemic chemotherapy for advanced biliary cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who failed to respond first line standard of care chemotherapy or chemotherapy suspended due to toxicity or other reasonsXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who do not undergo chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with prior chemotherapy for this cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have an intact evaluable primary tumor or biopsy proven axillary node involvement with at least 1.0 centimeter (cm) smallest dimension based on imaging after neoadjuvant anthracycline-based chemotherapy and prior to initiation of neoadjuvant chemotherapy under this protocol; baseline measurements and evaluations must be obtained within 4 weeks of registration to the study; all areas of disease should be recorded in order to assess response and uniformity of response to therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXAt least 1 prior chemotherapy regimen containing cisplatin or carboplatinXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received up to two previous lines of systemic chemotherapy are eligible for this trialXx_NEWLINE_xXSubject has received chemotherapy within the last 4 weeks prior to first treatment.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with any prior chemotherapy regimens are eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXNo other active cancer that requires systemic chemotherapy or radiationXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic use of any immunosuppressive chemotherapy (except low dose methotrexate) and/or monoclonal antibody treatment for CTCLXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have been treated with at least one prior chemotherapy regimen in the metastatic setting or within 12 months of their last adjuvant systemic treatment and must be felt to be chemotherapy refractory; patients with ER positive disease must have demonstrated to be clinically endocrine-insensitive by progressing through at least one line of endocrine therapy, including approved combinations and considered candidate for more aggressive therapies (e.g. chemotherapy) per principal investigator (PI) or treating physicianXx_NEWLINE_xXHave received induction chemotherapy and at least one cycle of consolidation chemotherapy; patients should have achieved a CR within 12 months of enrollment onto protocolXx_NEWLINE_xXCytotoxic chemotherapy within 21 days prior to enrollmentXx_NEWLINE_xXMust have received at least one regimen containing gemcitabine chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXNo life threatening parenchymal disease or rapidly progressing disease warranting cytotoxic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have had =< 3 prior therapies in the metastatic setting (not including chemotherapy given as maintenance therapy)Xx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy: cytotoxic (At least 21 days since last dose of chemotherapy prior to first dose of tazemetostat)Xx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy: non-cytotoxic (e.g., small molecule inhibitor) (At least 14 days since last dose of non-cytotoxic chemotherapy prior to first dose of tazemetostat)Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubject would not benefit from additional cytotoxic chemotherapy as determined by the treating physicianXx_NEWLINE_xXIndividuals who would benefit from additional cytotoxic chemotherapy as determined by the treating physicianXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients receiving maintenance biologic therapy are eligible, provided their recurrence is documented more than 6 months from completion of primary cytotoxic chemotherapy (includes maintenance chemotherapy) and a minimum of 3 weeks has elapsed since their last infusion of biologic therapy at the start of protocol intervention, day 1Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received prior chemotherapy for endometrial cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients are allowed to receive, but are not required to receive, up to 5 additional prior chemotherapy treatment regimens (including platinum-based chemotherapy); prior hormonal therapy is allowed, does not count towards this prior regimen requirement, and must be discontinued at least one week prior to T cell infusion; continuation of hormone replacement therapy is permittedXx_NEWLINE_xXARM C COHORT 4: Patients must not have received prior systemic chemotherapy for advanced or metastatic disease; prior adjuvant chemotherapy or concurrent chemotherapy and radiation are allowed if they were completed >= 6 months prior to the diagnosis of recurrent diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXA \washout\ period of at least 14 days from last previous cytotoxic chemotherapy will be required prior to starting treatment on this protocol; no “washout” period will be required for previous bcr-abl TKI therapy given with the aforementioned previous chemotherapy cycles; hydroxyurea and corticosteroids may be given as bridge therapy up until 24 hours prior to initiating protocol treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients cannot tolerate concurrent chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXAt least one prior chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXNSCLC subjects with EGFR mutations or ALK translocations should have previously received appropriate Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved therapies in addition to prior chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients that have received a chemotherapy regimen with stem cell support in the previous 6 monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXHas not received chemotherapy in the last 28 daysXx_NEWLINE_xXNeoadjuvant chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects may have received any other investigational agents or chemotherapy as long as they are eligible for SABR and surgeryXx_NEWLINE_xXHave had prior chemotherapy for metastatic disease in castration-resistant prostate cancer (prior chemotherapy for hormone-sensitive disease, more than six months prior to registration, is acceptable)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients should be off all previous intensive therapy, chemotherapy or radiotherapy for 3 weeks prior to commencing therapy on this study\r\n* (NOTE: Low dose chemotherapy or maintenance chemotherapy given within 7 days of planned study enrollment is permitted; these include: hydroxyurea, 6-meraptopurine, oral methotrexate, vincristine, oral etoposide, and tyrosine kinase inhibitors [TKIs]; FLT-3 inhibitors such as sorafenib, crenolanib, midostaurin can also be given up to 3 days before conditioning regimen)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients may not be receiving any other investigational agents, or concurrent biological, intensive chemotherapy, or radiation therapy for the previous three weeks from conditioning\r\n* (NOTE: Low dose chemotherapy or maintenance chemotherapy given within 7 days of planned study enrollment is permitted; these include: hydroxyurea, 6-meraptopurine, oral methotrexate, vincristine, oral etoposide, and tyrosine kinase inhibitors [TKIs]; FLT-3 inhibitors such as sorafenib, crenolanib, midostaurin can also be given up to 3 days before conditioning regimen)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who were exposed to neoadjuvant chemotherapy or chemotherapy after prostatectomyXx_NEWLINE_xXMay have been previously chemotherapy-treated; patients may have received up to two prior lines of chemotherapy (excludes neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy) for recurrent/advanced disease (it is anticipated that patients would have been previously treated with MVAC or GC, or variations of these standard frontline regimens); chemotherapy-naive patients who decline to receive frontline chemotherapy are eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXReceived chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or biologic therapy within the last 30 days (neoadjuvant chemotherapy excluded)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPhase II: patients are eligible if their previous chemotherapy regimen did not contain bortezomib, carfilzomib, or other known proteasome inhibitor or a combination of gemcitabine >= 800 mg/m^2 plus adriamycin >= 30 mg/m^2; patients who receive sequential or alternating therapy as part of front-line treatment will be counted as having one prior regimen; patients who have failed prior neoadjuvant chemotherapy will be eligible for this trialXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent chemotherapy (except intrathecal chemotherapy)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received systemic chemotherapy or radiotherapy within two months prior to first scheduled cycle of postoperative chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have received prior induction chemotherapy for at least 2 months and up to 6 months; at least three weeks should have elapsed after the last chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXVisceral crisis or rapidly progressive disease for which chemotherapy would be indicatedXx_NEWLINE_xXAny prior adjuvant cytotoxic chemotherapy within 12 months of registration; subjects who received chemotherapy for earlier stage disease more than 12 months prior to study registration are eligible for this trialXx_NEWLINE_xXAt the time of registration, patient must be at least 4 weeks from other prior cytotoxic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXbe considered unfit to receive chemotherapy on reason of age, concomitant morbidities, and/or residual toxicity from previous treatments, or unwillingness to receive chemotherapy. These patients must also have had a progression-free and treatment-free interval of at least 6 months after completion of the last rituximab-containing treatment. Patients in whom chemotherapy is contraindicated are defined by one of the following features:Xx_NEWLINE_xXAt least 1 prior line of chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who are not eligible for resection and are chemotherapy naïveXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with prior oral or intravenous chemotherapy for metastatic disease\r\n* Patients may have had adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy, if therapy was completed more than 6 months prior to enrollment\r\n* Patients whose comorbidities prevent them from being able to receive the designated chemotherapy regimen\r\n* Patients who are assigned to receive epirubicin must have cardiac ejection fraction (EF) of 45% or greaterXx_NEWLINE_xXReceived chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or biologic therapy within the last 30 days (neoadjuvant chemotherapy excluded)Xx_NEWLINE_xXNo intention to use cytotoxic chemotherapy within the next 6 monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXTreatment with cytotoxic chemotherapy within previous 28 days, or failure to recover from adverse events (AEs) due to cytotoxic chemotherapy administered more than 28 days previous (however, ongoing neuropathy is permitted)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received prior chemotherapy (including Gliadel wafers) for the current gliomaXx_NEWLINE_xXSystemic chemotherapy or radiation cannot have been given within 4 weeks prior to the Y-90 dose of radioimmunotherapy (RIT), with the exception of single agent cyclophosphamide priming chemotherapy administered for mobilizationXx_NEWLINE_xXParticipants for the phase 2 portion of the study must, in addition, meet the following: o Must be refractory to or relapsed after no more than 2 prior chemotherapy regimens. Re-induction with the same regimen or stem cell transplant will not be considered a separate regimen.Xx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent chemotherapy is allowed, but not requiredXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior cytotoxic chemotherapy or molecularly-targeted agents (e.g. erlotinib, crizotinib), unless > 2 years priorXx_NEWLINE_xXAdministration of chemotherapy or any other cancer therapy in the pre-operative periodXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have undergone chemotherapy and surgery for high-risk neuroblastoma prior to enrollment on trialXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must be anticipated to complete 2 cycles of chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients are allowed to consent to PANGEA as long as they have received 2 months (4 doses) or less of FOLFOX (plus trastuzumab if HER2 amplified) chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy within the past 5 yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXMedical oncology examination to evaluate medical contraindications prior to start chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXExposure to any systemic chemotherapy within 21 days of date of randomization.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy within the past 5 yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXProgressive disease or intolerable toxicities during or after treatment with first-line chemotherapy and have not received further second-line chemotherapy; patients treated with prior chemo-radiation to the primary pancreatic tumor, for which the chemotherapeutic agent was used as a radio-sensitizing agent, are eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients previously treated with chemotherapy are eligible unless they have evidence of local or distant disease progression; patients must have completed their last cycle of chemotherapy at least two weeks prior to study enrollmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients may be enrolled in the study regardless of prior chemotherapy regimensXx_NEWLINE_xXDisease Status: For the purposes of this study, aggressive multidrug chemotherapy is defined as chemotherapy including 2 or more agents that must include an alkylating agent and a platinum-containing compound. Patients must have ONE of the following:Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with higher risk MDS (International Prognostic Scoring System [IPSS] int-2 or high; or >= 10% blasts as defined by World Health Organization [WHO])\r\n* No prior intensive chemotherapy or high-dose cytarabine (>= 1 g/m^2)\r\n* Prior biologic therapies (=< 1 cycle of prior decitabine or azacitidine), targeted therapies, or single agent chemotherapy is allowed\r\n* Off chemotherapy for 2 weeks prior to entering this study with no toxic effects of that therapy, unless there is evidence of rapidly progressive disease\r\n* Hydroxyurea is permitted for control of counts prior to treatment\r\n* Hematopoietic growth factors are allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients should have received induction chemotherapy for AML and at least 1 consolidationXx_NEWLINE_xXFor patients receiving treatment of their AML, MDS or ALL prior to transplantation:\r\n* Interval between the start of a cycle of conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy and the start of conditioning regimen must be at least 30 days\r\n* Interval between completing treatment with a hypomethylating agent or other non-cytotoxic chemotherapy and the start of conditioning regimen must be at least 10 daysXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior first-line treatment with surgery or biopsy followed by fractionated radiotherapy with concurrent temozolomide-containing chemotherapy is required for glioblastoma patients; additional prior chemotherapy is allowed, without limitation on number of recurrencesXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received prior chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior induction therapy had to include no more than two cycles of cytotoxic chemotherapy and at least one induction cycle must have consisted of an anthracycline or anthracenedione and cytarabine combination with a reasonable schedule/dose according to the discretion of the investigatorXx_NEWLINE_xXPlans during the trial to receive any other (non-trial) investigational agents, or concurrent biological, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy; (chemotherapy for white blood count control is permitted)Xx_NEWLINE_xXParticipants must have received at least one line of prior systemic chemotherapy and must have experienced documented radiographic progression or intolerance on this therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior myelosuppressive chemotherapy or other investigational drug therapy within the last 6 months prior to initiation of sunitinib or valproic acidXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious or concurrent cytotoxic chemotherapy for prostate cancer; note that prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is allowableXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious or concurrent systemic or targeted chemotherapy is allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who received chemotherapy > 5 years ago for malignancies other than pancreatic cancer are eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXThe subject has received cytotoxic chemotherapy (including investigational cytotoxic chemotherapy), biologic agents (e.g. cytokines or antibodies) within 3 weeks, or any other anti-cancer systemic therapy (including multi-kinase inhibitors)Xx_NEWLINE_xXMantle cell lymphoma\r\n* Beyond 1st CR with relapsed disease, progressive disease during first line rituximab-chemotherapy combination, or persistent disease after first line rituximab-chemotherapy combination and not eligible or appropriate for conventional allogeneic or autologous SCT\r\n* Relapsed after prior autologous SCTXx_NEWLINE_xXReceiving intensive chemotherapy within 21 days of registration; maintenance type of chemotherapy will be allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects who have received chemotherapy within 12 months prior to randomizationXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior high-dose chemotherapy (HDC)-ASCTXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients that have received a chemotherapy regimen with stem cell support in the previous 6 monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects must have received adjuvant post-operative chemotherapy meeting the following requirements:\r\n* Completed chemotherapy as per the discretion of their physician\r\n* Chemotherapy must have been completed within 1-6 months of starting study treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects with rectal cancer must have received chemotherapy meeting the following requirements:\r\n* Completed chemotherapy as per the discretion of their physician\r\n* Chemotherapy must have been completed within 1-6 months of starting study treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXCytotoxic chemotherapy (including investigational cytotoxic chemotherapy) within 3 weeks before the first dose of study treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who will receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy are not eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy are not eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXIf chemotherapy is planned, new chemotherapy regimen should have started no more than 21 days prior to enrollmentXx_NEWLINE_xXSubject has received chemotherapy within the past 28 daysXx_NEWLINE_xXCohort A: newly diagnosed AML, no prior cytotoxic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXCohort A: patients who have received prior cytotoxic chemotherapy, such as anthracyclines and cytarabine not permitted; but prior treatment with demethylating agents (azacytidine or decitabine), lenalidomide etc ALLOWEDXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients >= 60 are eligible if not a candidate for standard cytarabine plus anthracycline chemotherapy as determined by Kantarjian’s score; patients younger than 60 may also be included if felt not to be a candidate for intensive anthracycline plus cytarabine based chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXIf systemic chemotherapy was given, patient must have had clips or markers placed at the time of surgery (if they are needed) and patient must have simulation scans within 6 weeks of the completion of the chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients that have received a chemotherapy regimen with stem cell support in the previous 6 monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior cytotoxic chemotherapy for their disease; prior therapy with single-agent rituximab is permittedXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must be anticipated to complete at least 2 cycles of chemotherapy on studyXx_NEWLINE_xX> 2 lines of prior chemotherapy in the metastatic settingXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior receipt of induction chemotherapy followed by referral for concurrent chemoradiation is allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXParticipants may have undergone prior chemotherapy for their uterine malignancy or may undergo chemotherapy in conjunction with adjuvant proton therapy per discretion of treating physicians; the agents, doses, routes and schedule of administration will be determined by their attending gynecologic oncologist or medical oncologist; for participants who have undergone prior chemotherapy, protocol radiation may commence no sooner than 21 days after the last chemotherapy treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with cervix cancer who have received any previous radiation or chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious chemotherapy for this tumorXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy within the last three yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXAny number of prior lines of chemotherapy in the metastatic setting is allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXInduction chemotherapy prior to concurrent chemoradiation allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXRadiation treatment alone without concurrent chemotherapy or chemotherapy use aloneXx_NEWLINE_xXSystemic chemotherapy or radiation within 4 weeks prior to the Y-90 dose of radioimmunotherapy (RIT), with the exception of single agent Cytoxan priming chemotherapy administered for mobilizationXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with concurrent Kaposi sarcoma requiring immediate cytotoxic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior cytotoxic chemotherapy or biologic therapy for the treatment of CRPC; Note: sipulecel-T is permitted with a 2-week washoutXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects who have any previous treatment with DNA-damaging cytotoxic chemotherapy (prior taxane chemotherapy allowed).Xx_NEWLINE_xXDisease progression on a first- or second-generation EGFR TKI (i.e. erlotinib, gefitinib, or afatinib); patient may have also received prior chemotherapy or immunotherapy but this is not requiredXx_NEWLINE_xXDocumented FGF/FGFR alteration and have either 1a) failed at least 1 previous treatment for their metastatic or surgically unresectable urothelial carcinoma (ie, chemotherapy, immunotherapy) or 1b) have not received chemotherapy due to poor ECOG status or 2) have insufficient renal function.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHas been treated with more than two lines of cytotoxic chemotherapy or molecular targeted therapy or interferon for Lung NETXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects with relapsed/refractory AML must have received either induction chemotherapy for AML or hypomethylating agents for hematologic disease before AML.Xx_NEWLINE_xXCR or PR required; remission status will be assessed at the completion of induction chemotherapy and prior to enrollment on protocolXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior or concurrent cytotoxic chemotherapy for prostate cancer; prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is permittedXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with more than one prior chemotherapy regimen for management of primary diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXKnown history of hepatitis B or C as these patients may be at risk of disease reactivation when treated with the chemotherapy and/or the investigational agentXx_NEWLINE_xXMust not have received cytotoxic chemotherapy within 14 days of entry on to this studyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient must have not received gemcitabine, oxaliplatin and/or paclitaxel chemotherapy agentsXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received previously a high dose chemotherapy regimen and autologous transplant are excluded from this studyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have undergone debulking surgery with peritonectomy and have been allowed at least 4 weeks to recover prior to receiving chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients may have received prior chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXHigh-risk MDS status-post cytotoxic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy-sensitive (at least stable disease) large cell, mantle cell or Hodgkin's lymphomas that have failed at least 1 prior regimen of multi-agent chemotherapy and are ineligible for an autologous transplantXx_NEWLINE_xXStage I: subjects may have already received no more than 2 cycle of their platinum-based chemotherapy but should not have received other prior chemotherapy regimens with the exception of patients with metastatic disease who received neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy and that chemotherapy was completed > 6 months prior to enrollmentXx_NEWLINE_xXStage II: subjects must have received no more than 1 prior chemotherapy regimen for metastatic disease; and no more than 2 cycles of their current platinum chemotherapy regimen for metastatic disease; they must have recovered to < grade 1 from all toxicities related to the prior chemotherapy; patients who have received perioperative (i.e. adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapy) > 1 year prior to being treated with chemotherapy for metastatic disease will be eligible provided any chemotherapy-related toxicity has recovered to specified levelsXx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy is allowed; if chemotherapy is indicated and brachytherapy boost is planned, it must be administered after the accelerated whole breast irradiation (AWBI) but should begin no earlier than 21 days following completion of radiation therapy; alternatively if chemotherapy is indicated and external beam boost is planned, the chemotherapy can be delivered first, followed by radiation therapy beginning 21-63 days after the last cycle of chemotherapy or the radiation therapy can be delivered first and the chemotherapy can be delivered no earlier than 21 days post radiation therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXHave received at least one prior chemotherapy regimen for SCLCXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must be enrolled within 6 months of completing chemotherapy or after surgery of the primary site; any acute/subacute > or = grade 3 toxicities from the chemotherapy must be resolved to < or = grade 2 at the time of study entry; it is suggested that patients undergo prophylactic cranial irradiation as a soon as they have recovered from chemotherapy or surgery, at a minimum of 2 weeks, and up to 6 months following chemotherapy or surgeryXx_NEWLINE_xXAt least one cycle of induction or re-induction chemotherapy or lymphoma chemotherapy or azacitidine or decitabine or tyrosine kinase inhibitorXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received < 2 cycles of multiagent chemotherapy and patients who have received no multiagent chemotherapy within the 3 months previous to umbilical cord blood transplant (UCBT) as well as patients experiencing graft failure following previous allogeneic transplantXx_NEWLINE_xXMultiple myeloma: Must have received prior chemotherapy; consolidation of chemotherapy by autografting prior to nonmyeloablative hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) is permittedXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy (i.e., as administered strictly for cancer treatment) within the previous 3 years. Use of chemotherapy agents for non-cancer treatment purposes (i.e., arthritis treatment, etc.) are excluded from this criterion.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy (last 4 weeks)Xx_NEWLINE_xXClinical performance status of ECOG 0 - 2 at the time of chemotherapy infusion (Turnstile II - Chemotherapy/Cell Infusion - Inclusion Criteria)Xx_NEWLINE_xXHas had prior systemic cancer cytotoxic chemotherapy within the past four weeks at the time of the start of the lymphodepletion regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy refractory large cell and high grade NHL (i.e. progressive disease after > 2 salvage regimens)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have undergone an autologous transplant > 12 months prior to allogeneic transplantation and who have not received multi-agent or immunosuppressive chemotherapy within the preceding 3 months must receive anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) as part of the preparative regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy within 5 years.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received systemic chemotherapy (corticosteroids not included) less than 3 weeks prior to the start of this protocolXx_NEWLINE_xXCompleted cytoreductive surgery, including at least a bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and partial omentectomy, either prior to chemotherapy (primary surgery) or following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (interval debulking)Xx_NEWLINE_xXDocumented disease progression on or after prior systemic treatment administered for the advanced disease including CYP 17 inhibitors and/or androgen-pathway inhibitors (i.e. abiraterone and/or enzalutamide when available) and no more than one line of chemotherapy for the advanced disease, or patients who were ineligible (unfit) to receive chemotherapy. Disease progression defined as increasing serum PSA (per PCWG3), radiological progression or ? 2 new bone lesions. (Chemical castration is required unless surgically orchiectomized.)Xx_NEWLINE_xXCytotoxic chemotherapy or other chemotherapy known to be myelosuppressive: ?21 days after the last dose of cytotoxic or myelosuppressive chemotherapy (42 days if prior nitrosourea).Xx_NEWLINE_xXClinically stable and eligible to receive conditioning chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXHas had prior therapy with more than one cytotoxic chemotherapy regimen NOTE: Treatment with maintenance therapy after initial chemotherapy will not be considered a separate regimen and will be allowed.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious chemotherapy for this lung or mediastinum tumor; chemotherapy for another invasive malignancy is permitted if it has been treated definitively and the patient has remained disease free for > 3 yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy refractory large cell and high grade NHL (i.e., progressive disease after > 2 salvage regimens)Xx_NEWLINE_xXNo contraindications to protocol chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXMust be accessible for treatment and follow up. Patients registered on this trial must be treated with chemotherapy and followed at the enrolling centre.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must not have received any other anti-cancer treatment (including surgery, radiation or systemic chemotherapy) since the base trial.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior treatment with cytotoxic chemotherapy for advanced NSCLCXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy for recurrent GBM with nitrosourea compounds including Gliadel® wafers or bevacizumab.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHave received more than 2 previous lines of cytotoxic chemotherapy (if receiving cisplatin, 5-FU or pemetrexed)Xx_NEWLINE_xXAt least one prior regimen of chemotherapy, with no maximum number of chemotherapy cyclesXx_NEWLINE_xXStage IV NSCLC, or recurrent NSCLC that is not potentially curable by radiotherapy or surgery whether or not they have received prior chemotherapy. There is no limit to the number of prior chemotherapy regimens received.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received standard chemotherapy with FDA approved agents within 21 days of entry into the protocol.Xx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy-naïveXx_NEWLINE_xXAt least 2 weeks since chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXEligible subjects must have completed appropriate treatment for their primary disease and be off cytotoxic chemotherapy and any immunosuppressive agents such as systemic steroids for at least 30 days prior to enrollment; patients should continue trastuzumab monotherapy throughout the course of this protocol; concurrent hormonal and biphosphonate therapies are allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects must refuse cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy (and understand the risk and benefits of doing so) or be deemed ineligible for cisplatin-based chemotherapy by meeting at least one of the following criteria:Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy for urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received more than 2 systemic cytotoxic chemotherapy regimens for metastatic urothelial carcinoma\r\n* Note: prior perioperative chemotherapy is allowed and is not counted as a line of therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXMust have received at least 2 prior regimens of standard chemotherapy for mCRC and must have been refractory to or failed (includes intolerance to) those regimens. Prior standard chemotherapy may not have included TAS-102 or regorafenib, but must have included agents as specified in the protocol.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with proliferative disease can be cytoreduced with cytotoxic chemotherapy at investigator’s discretion, but there should be at least a 14 day window between start of cytoreductive therapy and start of daratumumabXx_NEWLINE_xXHas received prior systemic chemotherapy treatment for metastatic/recurrent NSCLCXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior treatment with non-chemotherapy investigational agents is permittedXx_NEWLINE_xXExpansion cohort (gastric or GE junction): histologically or cytologically confirmed diagnosis of advanced gastric cancer or GE junction with positive PD-L1 (threshold of positivity combined positive score [CPS] >= 1) whose disease progressed on or after two or more prior systemic therapies, including fluoropyrimidine- and platinum-containing chemotherapy and, if appropriate, HER2/neu targeted therapy, refused chemotherapy, or were not candidates for chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy regimen given on every 3-week schedule within the last 3 weeks. Chemotherapy given on the weekly basis with limited potential for delayed toxicity within the last 2 weeksXx_NEWLINE_xXRecurrence or refractory to 1 line of systemic chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXFor Part 1, prior treatment with less than 4 prior lines of chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXFor Part 2, prior treatment with less than 2 prior line of chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have been treated with more than one chemotherapy regimen, immunotherapy regimen or chemotherapy/immunotherapy regimen for metastatic non-small cell lung cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXAdequate renal functions within 48 hours prior to induction chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXEligible for intensive cytarabine/daunorubicin (7+3) chemotherapy specifiedXx_NEWLINE_xXMust be within 3 months from the last induction regimen at the time of starting cytarabine chemotherapy in this protocolXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients that have received a chemotherapy regimen with stem cell support in the previous 6 monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXSystemic chemotherapy or immunotherapy within 14 days of enrollment;Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious chemotherapy or radiotherapy, except:\r\n* Pure seminoma relapsing after adjuvant radiotherapy or adjuvant chemotherapy with 1-2 doses of single agent carboplatin\r\n* Non-seminoma and poor prognosis by IGCCC criteria in the rare case where low-dose induction chemotherapy is given prior to registration because patient is not fit enough to receive protocol chemotherapy (e.g. organ failure, vena cava obstruction, overwhelming burden of disease); acceptable regimens include cisplatin 20 mg/m^2 days 1-2 and etoposide 100 mg/m^2 days 1-2; carboplatin area under curve (AUC) 3 days 1-2 and etoposide 100 mg/m^2 days 1-2; or baby-BOP; patients must meet all other inclusion and exclusion criteria at the time of registration\r\n* Participants who need to start therapy urgently prior to completing study-specific baseline investigations may commence study chemotherapy prior to registration and randomization; such patients must be discussed with the coordinating center prior to registration, and must be registered within 10 days of commencing study chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients at least 3 weeks from last cytotoxic chemotherapy. Patients may continue tyrosine kinase inhibitors or other targeted therapies until at least two weeks prior to administration of lymphodepleting chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXOther than the 3 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery (mentioned above), must not have received other treatment for their gastric cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with MCL underwent >= 1 chemoimmunotherapy-based regimen; patients with FL and MZL underwent >= 1 prior chemotherapy-based and/or immunotherapy-based regimen; patients with DLBCL and CLL in Richter’s transformation underwent >= 1 chemoimmunotherapy-based regimen and are not transplant-eligible; patients with CLL, B-PLL and LPL underwent >= 1 chemotherapy-based, or immunotherapy-based or targeted therapy regimen (e.g., PI3K inhibitors [idelalisib], venetoclax, ibrutinib or an investigational agent, including an investigational BTK inhibitor); all regimens must have been administered for >= 2 cycles, and patients must have had either documented disease progression or no response (stable disease) to the most recent treatment regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXReceived more than 2 prior systemic chemotherapy regimens, including adjuvant systemic chemotherapy following definitive chemoradiation (OUTBACK chemotherapy); concurrent chemotherapy with prior radiation treatment is not to be countedXx_NEWLINE_xXPreviously treated with two prior regimens of systemic chemotherapy for metastatic or locally advanced, unresectable disease, including fluoropyrimidines (5-fluorouracil and/or capecitabine), oxaliplatin, and irinotecan\r\n* A maintenance regimen of 5-fluorouracil or capecitabine, with or without bevacizumab, should not be counted as a separate line of treatment\r\n* For patients who experienced disease recurrence during or within 6 months of completion of adjuvant chemotherapy with fluoropyrimidine and oxaliplatin, only one regimen of systemic chemotherapy for metastatic disease is requiredXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must not be suitable for fluorouracil (5FU)/mitomycin chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects with not meeting the above criteria are still eligible provided the patient declines concurrent chemotherapy with radiation, after specific informed consent describing the known benefits of adding chemotherapy to the definitive bladder radiation regimen; the reason for declining must be documentedXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy for bladder cancer; prior intravesical chemotherapy for the treatment of non-muscle invasive urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) is allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXReceived chemotherapy drugs within previous 2 weeksXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must be anticipated to complete at least 2 cycles of chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXAnother primary malignant disease, which requires systemic treatment (chemotherapy or radiation)Xx_NEWLINE_xXNo more than one prior chemotherapy regimen for advanced or metastatic breast cancer is allowed; prior chemotherapy for metastatic disease must have been completed >= 14 days prior to randomization\r\n* Any single agent therapy, and any combination of cytotoxic, endocrine, biological targeted agents, and/or humanized antibodies, scheduled to be administered as a preplanned treatment, given concomitantly, sequentially or both, is considered one regimen\r\n* Planned neoadjuvant chemotherapy and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy is considered one regimen\r\n* If the dosing of one or more of the chemotherapy components of a regimen must be reduced for toxicity, the modified version of the original regimen is not considered a new regimen\r\n* If one or more of the chemotherapy components of a regimen must be omitted for toxicity, the modified version of the original regimen is not considered a new regimen\r\n* If one of the chemotherapy components of a regimen must be replaced with another similar drug of the same therapeutic class, the modified version of the original regimen is not considered a new regimen; however, if a new component, dissimilar to any of the original components, is added to the regimen, the modified version is considered a new regimen\r\n* If chemotherapy is interrupted for surgery or radiotherapy and then continues with an unchanged schedule and components, treatment is considered as one regimen despite the interruptionXx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior cytotoxic chemotherapy for metastatic disease; prior immunotherapy is permittedXx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior therapy with enzalutamide (previous chemotherapy and/or other AR-targeted approaches is allowed)Xx_NEWLINE_xXOne to two line(s) of prior taxane-based chemotherapy allowed. If docetaxel chemotherapy is used more than once, this will be considered as one regimen.Xx_NEWLINE_xXReceived no more than one prior regimen of chemotherapy in the metastatic settingXx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior systemic chemotherapy treatment in the metastatic settingXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy for the study cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHave received treatment with at least one or more lines of cytotoxic chemotherapy in the metastatic setting.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have had chemotherapy or radiotherapy =< 14 days prior to registration are not eligible\r\n* NOTE: Patients may not have had systemic chemotherapy within 28 daysXx_NEWLINE_xXThe subject has an active cancer being treated with chemotherapy at the time of screeningXx_NEWLINE_xXRefractory to at least 1 cycle of induction chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects must have had prior high dose chemotherapy (HDCT) treatment when indicatedXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects must be at least 3 weeks from last chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy or anti-epidermal growth factor (EGF) therapy for the study cancer; note that prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is allowableXx_NEWLINE_xXMore than 2 prior chemotherapy regimens for the current malignancy; full dose chemotherapy used in conjunction with concurrent radiation therapy will be included as prior therapy\r\n* Note: Prior hormonal therapy (e.g. leuprolide, aromatase inhibitors, tamoxifen) and immunotherapy will be allowed and not included as a prior chemotherapy; if the chemotherapy regimen is altered during the course due to issues with tolerability or safety, the regimen will be counted as one; using the same regimen at recurrence is counted as one regimen; the addition of bevacizumab to a prior regimen is considered one regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior cancer chemotherapy allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have received prior treatment with chemotherapy. Chemotherapy may have previously been given with a PD-1 or PDL-1 inhibitor.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of allergic reactions to chemotherapy agents used in this protocol as part of lymphodepletion regimen (fludarabine and cyclophosphamide)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have had at least one prior chemotherapeutic regimen for management of endometrial carcinoma; initial treatment may include chemotherapy, chemotherapy and radiation therapy, or consolidation/maintenance therapy; chemotherapy administered in conjunction with primary radiation as a radio-sensitizer WILL be counted as a systemic chemotherapy regimen\r\n* Patients are allowed to receive, but not required to receive, up to a total of 3 lines of chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXMyelosuppressive chemotherapy: must not have received myelosuppressive chemotherapy within 3 weeks of entry onto this study (excluding hydroxyurea)\r\n* Cytoreduction with hydroxyurea can be initiated and continued for up to 24 hours prior to the start of CPX-351Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients treated with prior chemotherapy, cytotoxic chemotherapy, radiation, biotherapy, or any investigational agent > 30 days prior to lymph node removal are eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXNo more than a total cumulative dose of 450 mg/m^2 of prior doxorubicin chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXMedical oncologist or consenting physician verifies that chemotherapy options exist after treatment with intracranial therapy, and that chemotherapy is planned to initiate after completion of radiation; or, survival as estimated by the medical oncologist or enrolling physician is > 3 monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent chemotherapy (no chemotherapy starting 14 days before start of radiationXx_NEWLINE_xXAt a maximum of twelve weeks after the last dose of chemotherapy, patients must fulfill the following criteria:\r\n* Complete clinical response after first-line chemotherapy for newly-diagnosed patients, or after second-line chemotherapy for relapsed patients who require secondary cytoreduction\r\n** Complete clinical response is defined as normal exam, normal computed tomography (CT) scan, and normal CA-125 level; tumor tissue for relapsed patients would be obtained under informed consent at the time of a secondary surgical debulking, which would be performed as part of standard relapse management in appropriate patients\r\n* Asymptomatic, low volume disease not requiring further chemotherapy prior to initiating vaccinationXx_NEWLINE_xXThe patient should have no immediate need for chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXCorticosteroids should not be used during chemotherapy administration as an antiemeticXx_NEWLINE_xXUp to 4 prior chemotherapy regimens for recurrent disease are allowed; adjuvant chemotherapy and maintenance Taxol after completion of six cycles of adjuvant carboplatin - Taxol will not be counted as a \prior chemotherapy regimen\ for the purpose of this study; treatment with targeted agents or hormones would not be considered as a systemic chemotherapy regimen; eligible Patients are those with documented disease recurrence/progression within 0-6 months of completing platinum-based chemotherapy; patients should not have received any non-oncology, viral vaccines within 30 days prior to starting protocol treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy for castration resistant prostate cancer; neoadjuvant chemotherapy and chemotherapy given for hormone sensitive prostate cancer are allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXFailed first-line chemotherapy (including systemic and local-regional therapy)Xx_NEWLINE_xX>= 28 days from completion of frontline chemotherapy for NHLXx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior chemotherapy or radiotherapy for the extra-ocular retinoblastoma may have been administered prior to entering this study; prior treatment (chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy) for intra-ocular retinoblastoma is permissibleXx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have progression after prior treatment with Enza at any point in the disease course (pre- or post-chemotherapy)Xx_NEWLINE_xXMeets ONE of the following disease criteria:\r\n* Primary (de novo) AML induction failure: no CR after 2 or more induction attempts with high dose chemotherapy (note: hypomethylating agents such as azacitidine will count as induction failure)\r\n* Relapsed AML or secondary AML (from myelodysplastic syndrome [MDS] or treatment related): not in CR after 1 or more cycles of standard re-induction therapy\r\n** For patients > 60 years of age the 1 cycle of standard chemotherapy is not required if either of the following criteria is met:\r\n*** Relapse within 6 months of last chemotherapy\r\n*** Bone marrow (BM) blast count < 30% within 10 days of starting protocol therapy\r\n* AML relapsed > 4 months after transplant: no re-induction required, and no more than 1 re-induction cycle is allowed\r\n* Use of hydroxyurea is permitted to control blasts counts\r\n* Patients with prior central nervous system (CNS) involvement are eligible provided that it has been treated and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is clear for at least 2 weeks prior to enrollment; CNS therapy (chemotherapy or radiation) should continue as medically indicated during the study treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy within the last 4 weeksXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have had one prior systemic chemotherapeutic regimen for management of persistent, recurrent or metastatic carcinoma of the cervix (e.g.; paclitaxel/cisplatin, paclitaxel/cisplatin/bevacizumab); chemotherapy administered concurrent with primary radiation (e.g.; weekly cisplatin) is not counted as a systemic chemotherapy regimen; adjuvant chemotherapy given following the completion of radiation therapy (or concurrent chemotherapy and radiation therapy) is not counted as a systemic chemotherapy regimen (e.g.; paclitaxel and carboplatin for up to 4 cycles); NOTE: patients who have received more than one prior regimen are NOT eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy for the study cancer; note that prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is allowableXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy for the study cancer; note that prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is allowableXx_NEWLINE_xXMyelosuppressive chemotherapy: at least 21 days after the last dose of myelosuppressive chemotherapy (42 days if prior nitrosourea)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have had one prior chemotherapeutic regimen for management of endometrial carcinoma; initial treatment may include chemotherapy, chemotherapy and radiation therapy, or consolidation/maintenance therapy; chemotherapy administered in conjunction with primary radiation as a radio-sensitizer WILL be counted as a systemic chemotherapy regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy with 0-2 regimens is allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXTreatment with chemotherapy within 3 months of registrationXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with chemotherapy prior to TEMLA are eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients that have received a chemotherapy regimen with stem cell support in the previous 6 monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients receiving any systemic chemotherapy or targeted agents for treatment of the current HNSCC outside of induction chemotherapy per standard institutional practiceXx_NEWLINE_xXAt least 35 days following start of preceding leukemia induction cytotoxic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior systemic cytotoxic chemotherapy or targeted therapy (including sorafenib) for HCCXx_NEWLINE_xXParticipants who have received oxaliplatin during prior systemic chemotherapy regimens are eligible for enrollment in this protocolXx_NEWLINE_xXParticipants who have received oxaliplatin during prior systemic chemotherapy regimens are eligible for enrollment in this protocolXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy for the study cancer; note that prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is allowableXx_NEWLINE_xXAny number of prior systemic therapies for metastatic/recurrent disease are permitted in both the phase I and II portions of the study; patients need not have received a prior cetuximab-based chemotherapy regimen to be eligible for this trialXx_NEWLINE_xXAt least one adverse prognostic factor: \r\n* Initial relapse =< 12 months after primary chemotherapy\r\n* Staged as Ann Arbor classification initial stage III or IV disease\r\n* Chemotherapy resistant disease\r\n* Failure to achieve a complete response (CR) with cytoreductive chemotherapy or persistent positive fludeoxyglucose F 18 (18FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) imagingXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior treatment with chemotherapy or radiotherapy for lymphoma or chronic lymphocytic leukemia; note that prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is allowableXx_NEWLINE_xXNo previous chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXAll previous cytotoxic chemotherapy must be completed at least 2 weeks prior to study entry; any prior non-hematologic vital organ toxicity (cardiac, pulmonary, hepatic, renal) of any previous therapy must have resolved to grade 1 or less, unless specified elsewhere\r\n* Exceptions:\r\n** There is no time restriction in regard to prior intrathecal chemotherapy provided there is complete recovery from any acute toxic effects; or\r\n** Subjects receiving standard ALL maintenance chemotherapy will not require washoutXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must be within 2 years of achieving CR following chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have had prior chemotherapy for this tumorXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent chemotherapy (no chemotherapy starting 14 days before start of radiation)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy for esophageal cancer; note that prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is allowableXx_NEWLINE_xXMust have failed at least 1 regimen for metastatic disease, and have been treated with up to 2 prior chemotherapy regimens\r\n* There is no limit on the number of total prior regimensXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy:\r\n* Ovarian cancer: patients with no prior PLD exposure are eligible after failure of platinum-containing chemotherapy; no more than 2 prior platinum containing regimens is permitted; dose escalating cohorts only: patients already on PLD are also eligible if they are receiving PLD beyond 3 cycles without prohibitive (i.e. no grade 3 or 4) skin or mucosal toxicities, and showing no progressive disease compared to a computed tomography (CT) scan obtained 2 or more months earlier; these patients are eligible in spite of any progression from baseline determined prematurely (i.e., applicable to those patients who are deemed in their best interest to continue to receive PLD after a CT obtained at 2 or 3 months has shown progression from baseline)\r\n** Breast cancer: patients may have received 0-2 prior chemotherapy regimens for metastatic disease; breast cancer patients may not have received prior PLD, and will not be eligible for the expanded cohort A \r\n** Interval between prior chemotherapy and registration for breast and ovarian cancer; there should be at least a 3 week interval between the last chemotherapy regimen and registration, and the patient should have recovered from acute toxicity related to prior therapy (6 weeks if the last regiment included BCNU or mitomycin C)\r\n** Dose escalating cohorts only: patients will be categorized in the following strata based upon prior PLD exposure: Stratum A –patients with ovarian cancer who have had prior PLD exposure and received at least 3 cycles of PLD without prohibitive (i.e. no grade 3 or 4 skin toxicity) and have not had progressive disease; Stratum B: patients with ovarian or breast cancer who have had no prior PLD exposureXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior cytotoxic chemotherapy for another condition treated with curative intent is allowed provided at least 18 months has elapsed between last treatment and enrollment on protocolXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received prior chemotherapy for any abdominal or pelvic tumor within the last five years are excluded; patients may have received prior adjuvant chemotherapy for localized breast cancer, provided that it was completed more than three years prior to registration, and that the patient remains free of recurrent or metastatic diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy or biological therapy (including erlotinib [erlotinib hydrochloride) or similar agents) for the study cancer; note that prior chemotherapy for a different cancer allowableXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who are carriers of hepatitis B will be included in this study; these patients are not eligible to receive rituximab as a component of their chemotherapy mobilizationXx_NEWLINE_xXFor stage I/II patients treated with primary radiation, they must have failed (no CR or progression after CR) at least one salvage combination chemotherapy treatment regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with chemotherapy resistant diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients cannot have any other form of chemotherapy for their MPN (other than hydroxyurea); specifically prior interferon or JAK2 inhibitors are prohibitedXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must be able to receive taxane and/or anthracycline based chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXReceived prior chemotherapy for any abdominal or pelvic tumor.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have received at least one but no more than three prior systemic treatment regimens and for whom single-agent chemotherapy is appropriate as the next line of treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXSubject is eligible for pre-selected salvage chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubject has AML secondary to prior chemotherapy for other neoplasms (except for MDS).Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior use of any systemic chemotherapy for HCC, with the exception of sorafenibXx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy: cytotoxic (At least 21 days since last dose of chemotherapy prior to first dose of tazemetostat)Xx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy: non-cytotoxic (e.g., small molecule inhibitor) (At least 14 days since last dose of non-cytotoxic chemotherapy prior to first dose of tazemetostat)Xx_NEWLINE_xXReceived only frontline CD20-directed immunotherapy with anthracycline- or anthracenedione-based multi-agent chemotherapy. Monotherapy rituximab or other CD20-directed immunotherapy as maintenance therapy prior to frontline chemotherapy, and radiotherapy in a limited field or as part of the frontline treatment plan are permitted.Xx_NEWLINE_xXFront-line treatment may include maintenance therapy following complete clinical or pathological response; however, maintenance cytotoxic chemotherapy must be discontinued for a minimum of 6 months prior to documentation of recurrent disease; patients receiving maintenance biological therapy or hormonal therapy are ELIGIBLE provided their recurrence is documented more than 6 months from primary cytotoxic chemotherapy completion (includes maintenance chemotherapy) AND a minimum 4 weeks has elapsed since their last infusion of biological therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received more than one previous regimen of chemotherapy (maintenance is not considered a second regimen)Xx_NEWLINE_xXEligibility for pre-selected salvage chemotherapy, according to the Investigator's assessment.Xx_NEWLINE_xXAML secondary to prior chemotherapy for other neoplasms, except AML secondary to prior Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS).Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients should not be felt to have an immediate need for chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must not have received previous systemic cytotoxic chemotherapy for urothelial carcinomaXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must consent to have voided urine (40-50 mL) submitted prior to initiating chemotherapy (pre-treatment) and after chemotherapy prior to surgery (post-treatment)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must consent to whole blood (2 x 10 mL) submitted prior to initiating chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient must have clinical complete response or partial response following completion of chemotherapy course.Xx_NEWLINE_xXEach block of chemotherapy is a separate reinduction attempt.Xx_NEWLINE_xXNo more than 5 total previous regimens of systemic therapy, including cytokines and cytotoxic chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior chemotherapy for the treatment of metastatic disease at study entry. Adjuvant chemotherapy is permitted providing cytotoxic chemotherapy was completed 12 months prior to starting the study and without disease recurrence.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have had prior first-line therapy with oxaliplatin-based fluoropyrimidine-containing chemotherapy and bevacizumab for metastatic colorectal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior therapy with drugs other than oxaliplatin and a fluoropyrimidine plus bevacizumab for this disease; chemotherapy drugs and bevacizumab may be stopped and started as long as no prior disease progression requiring change in chemotherapy agents occurredXx_NEWLINE_xXHistologically confirmed metastatic or recurrent squamous cell carcinoma not amenable to local therapy with curative intent (surgery or radiation with or without chemotherapy). Carcinoma of the nasopharynx, salivary gland, or * *Subjects must have received at least 1 prior systemic chemotherapy regimen that must have included a platinum-based therapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXMore than two prior lines of cytotoxic chemotherapy (e.g., gemcitabine, doxorubicin, capecitabine) for metastatic disease.Xx_NEWLINE_xXDisease progression after 2 prior ALK inhibitor therapies. Patients may have had any number of prior chemotherapy regimens in any disease setting.Xx_NEWLINE_xXDisease progression after 3 prior ALK inhibitor therapies. Patients may have had any number of prior chemotherapy regimens in any disease setting. ROS1-positive NSCLC patients may be:Xx_NEWLINE_xXFirst-line locally advanced and/or metastatic breast cancer with no prior adjuvant chemotherapy unless the Investigator determines that one of the 4 cytotoxic chemotherapy agents in the control arm would otherwise be offered to the subjectXx_NEWLINE_xXCytotoxic chemotherapy within 14 days before randomizationXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients are allowed to receive, but are not required to receive, non-cytotoxic (biologic/targeted agents, such as bevacizumab) therapy as part of their primary treatment regimen; patients are allowed to receive, but are not required to receive, poly adenosine diphosphate (ADP) ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors for management of primary or recurrent/persistent disease (either alone or in combination with cytotoxic chemotherapy); PARP inhibitors will NOT count as a prior regimen when given aloneXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious chemotherapy for this tumorXx_NEWLINE_xXAny contraindication to the use of cisplatin, carboplatin, or paclitaxel chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients Must have completed 3 or 4 previous chemotherapy regimens.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have completed their last chemotherapy regimen > 4 weeks prior to treatment initiation.Xx_NEWLINE_xXRefractory as defined by not achieving a CR after 2 cycles of a standard chemotherapy regimen chemotherapy regimen or chemorefractory as defined by not achieving a CR after 1 cycle of standard chemotherapy for relapse leukemia ORXx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy:Xx_NEWLINE_xXThe following drugs must be stopped >2 weeks prior to CTL019 infusion: salvage chemotherapy (e.g. clofarabine, cytosine arabinoside > 100 mg/m2, anthracyclines, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate ? 25 mg/m2), excluding the required lymphodepleting chemotherapy drugsXx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy other than lymphodepleting chemotherapy within 2 weeks of infusionXx_NEWLINE_xXHave received no more than one prior systemic chemotherapy regimen in the relapsed or metastatic setting. Prior treatment with no more than one prior immune checkpoint inhibitor is permitted and will not be considered as a line of systemic chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy for the current cancer (prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is allowed)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy outside of the InPACT trialXx_NEWLINE_xXNot a candidate for chemotherapy as determined by the treating physicianXx_NEWLINE_xXEligible for cytotoxic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXA prior line of treatment is considered an induction regimen if it involves an approved or investigational cytotoxic chemotherapy agent, biological agent, and/or hypomethylating agent administered alone or in a combination regimen, with the intent to induce robust cytoreduction (i.e., CR).Xx_NEWLINE_xXA prior line of treatment is considered an induction regimen if it involves an approved or investigational cytotoxic chemotherapy agent, biological agent, and/or hypomethylating agent administered alone or in a combination regimen, with the intent to induce robust cytoreduction (i.e., CR).Xx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects who have previously undergone intraperitoneal chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXMust be eligible to receive second-line standard-of-care chemotherapy with either 1) an oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy regimen, or 2) an irinotecan-based chemotherapy regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXWill have completed the first line chemotherapy regimen completed at least 14 days prior to initiation of 2nd line chemotherapy under the protocolXx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy given within one week of study registration/enrollment except concurrent chemotherapy may to be given at the investigator’s discretion to patients randomized to the standard arm (arm B, 30-33 fractions)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy (prior intravesical therapy is allowed)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior treatment with other anti-cancer therapies including cytokines, monoclonal antibodies, immunotherapies, and cytotoxic chemotherapy is allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must NOT have received prior chemotherapy or targeted therapy, including chemotherapy used for radiation sensitization for treatment of endometrial carcinomaXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have received as a minimum a first line chemotherapy regimen consisting of at least 2 of the following agents: doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, etoposide.Xx_NEWLINE_xXNo clinical evidence for locoregional or distant relapse during or after preoperative chemotherapy. Local progression during chemotherapy is not an exclusion criterion.Xx_NEWLINE_xXREGISTRATION #2 - PRIOR TO CONSOLIDATION CHEMOTHERAPY:Xx_NEWLINE_xXREGISTRATION #2 - PRIOR TO CONSOLIDATION CHEMOTHERAPY: Patients must have undergone restaging tests according to the study calendar and determined to have no evidence of disease progressionXx_NEWLINE_xXREGISTRATION #2 - PRIOR TO CONSOLIDATION CHEMOTHERAPY: Total bilirubin =< IULNXx_NEWLINE_xXREGISTRATION #2 - PRIOR TO CONSOLIDATION CHEMOTHERAPY: SGOT (AST) or SGPT (ALT) =< 2.5 x IULNXx_NEWLINE_xXPreviously received > 1 course of chemotherapy (not including immunotherapies or targeted therapies) for the treatment of metastatic a. Note: Subjects may have received 1 course of chemotherapy prior to surgery for the treatment of locally advanced disease and 1 course of chemotherapy for the treatment of metastatic BC; however, if surgery could not be performed, this will count as the 1 chemotherapy course allowed prior to studyXx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy: The following drugs must be stopped > 1 week prior to CTL019 infusion and should not be administered concomitantly or following lymphodepleting chemotherapy: hydroxyurea, vincristine, 6-mercaptopurine, 6-thioguanine, methotrexate < 25 mg/m2, cytosine arabinoside < 100 mg/m2/day, asparaginase (non-pegylated) The following drugs must be stopped >2 weeks prior to CTL019 infusion: salvage chemotherapy (e.g. clofarabine, cytosine arabinoside > 100 mg/m2, anthracyclines, cyclophosphamide), excluding the required lymphodepleting chemotherapy drugs Pegylated-asparaginase must be stopped > 4 weeks prior to CTL019 infusionXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients should be suitable candidates for surgery and chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious exposure to chemotherapy for rectal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPart A: Subject must have failed at least one prior chemotherapy regimen for metastatic disease and/or is unfit for cisplatin-based chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPart B: Subject must not have received any prior lines of chemotherapy in the metastatic setting (prior treatment with immunotherapy is allowed).Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients are allowed to receive any number of prior chemotherapy regimens for recurrent diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXAt least one, but no more than three, prior chemotherapy regimens for MBC.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients entering on the study after pancreaticoduodenectomy, who have not already started chemotherapy must not have had prior systemic chemotherapy for pancreas cancer; note that prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is allowable; for patients entering on the study who have already received up to 3 months of adjuvant chemotherapy as per the treating institution, patients must not have received adjuvant chemotherapy with agents other than gemcitabine, nab-paclitaxel, oxaliplatin, fluoropyrimidine, or irinotecan for the current pancreatic cancer; prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is allowableXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy or anti-EGF therapy for the study cancer; note: prior chemotherapy or anti-EGF therapy for a different cancer is allowableXx_NEWLINE_xXAcute paronychia developing during the course of their monotherapy or combination chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXReceived and experienced disease progression on, or following one or two prior chemotherapy regimens for advanced disease.Xx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy: cytotoxic At least 21 daysXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient has received systemic chemotherapy =< 3 weeks prior to registrationXx_NEWLINE_xXInclusion Criteria\n\n        Subjects will be eligible for tissue procurement for the Vigil manufacturing process if\n        they meet all of the following criteria:\n\n          1. Presumptive Stage IIIb, IIIc or IV high-grade papillary serous/clear cell/endometrioid\n             ovarian, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal cancer.\n\n          2. No chemotherapy prior or investigational agents prior to tissue acquisition for Vigil\n             manufacture.\n\n          3. No other malignancy (excluding surgically cured nonmelanoma carcinomas of the skin and\n             carcinoma in situ cervix) unless in remission for ? 2 years.\n\n          4. Anticipated availability of a cumulative mass of ~30 grams tissue (\golf-ball\ size or\n             approximately 3cm disease on CT scan) at time of diagnostic laparoscopy or primary\n             surgical debulking. Infiltrating lumen (bowel, fallopian tube, urethra) tissue should\n             not be used as Vigil immunotherapy material to minimize risk of bacterial\n             contamination.\n\n          5. ECOG performance status (PS) 0-2 prior to diagnostic laparoscopy or debulking\n             laparotomy.\n\n          6. No prior history of hypersensitivity reactions (HSR) with taxanes or platinums.\n\n          7. No prior history of allergies or sensitivities to gentamicin.\n\n          8. Female, 18 years of age or older.\n\n          9. Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document\n             for tissue harvest.\n\n        Subjects will be registered in this study if they meet all of the following inclusion\n        criteria:\n\n          1. Histologically confirmed Stage IIIb, IIIc or IV high-grade papillary serous/clear\n             cell/endometrioid ovarian, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal.\n\n          2. Completion of primary surgical debulking including hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo\n             oophorectomy, and at least 5 but no more than 8 cycles of platinum / taxane adjuvant\n             chemotherapy or chemotherapy as per Category 1 recommendations of the NCCN guidelines,\n             including 5-8 cycles adjuvant intraperitoneal + intravenous (IP/IV) chemotherapy, or\n             5-8 cycles of intravenous chemotherapy divided and administered as neoadjuvant and\n             adjuvant therapy flanking primary debulking surgery.\n\n          3. Clinically defined complete response (cCR) following completion of primary surgical\n             debulking and eligible chemotherapy. cCR defined as no evidence of malignancy on chest\n             x-ray (CT scan is acceptable) and CT scan or MRI of the abdomen and pelvis, normal\n             physical examination, CA-125 antigen level ? 35 U/ml (assessed ? 2 weeks following\n             removal of catheter in subjects receiving intraperitoneal/intravenous chemotherapy)\n             and no findings on physical examination or symptoms suggestive of active cancer.\n\n          4. Subjects must have initiated adjuvant chemotherapy no more than 8 weeks following\n             primary debulking surgery.\n\n          5. Successful manufacturing of at least 4 doses (vials) of Vigil and placebo.\n\n          6. Recovered from all clinically relevant toxicities related to prior therapy (including\n             neuropathy ?Grade 2).\n\n          7. ECOG performance status (PS) 0-1.\n\n          8. Normal organ and marrow function as defined below: Absolute granulocyte count ?\n             1,500/mm^3, Absolute lymphocyte count ? 500/mm^3, Platelets ? 75,000/mm^3, Total\n             bilirubin ? 2 mg/dL, AST(SGOT)/ALT(SGPT)? 2x institutional upper limit of normal,\n             Creatinine < 1.5 mg/dL\n\n          9. Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed protocol specific\n             consent.\n\n        Exclusion Criteria:\n\n        Subjects will be excluded from this study if they meet any of the following criteria (at\n        the time of tissue procurement or at randomization):\n\n          1. Surgery involving general anesthesia, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, or investigational\n             agents within 4 weeks prior to randomization.\n\n          2. Histologically confirmed papillary serous adenocarcinoma of the uterus or disease\n             involving myometrium/endometrium.\n\n          3. Systemic immunosuppressive therapy within 14 days of randomization.\n\n          4. Subjects requiring chronic steroid or immunosuppressive regimens are excluded except\n             inhaled / intranasal steroids and short term systemic steroids <30 days duration and\n             ?0.25 mg/kg prednisone-equivalent per day are allowed.\n\n          5. Congestive heart failure (NYHA Class II, III, or IV), unstable angina, ventricular or\n             hemodynamically significant atrial arrhythmia, or cardiovascular disease such as\n             stroke or myocardial infarction (current or within the past 6 months).\n\n          6. Psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study\n             requirements.\n\n          7. Subjects with history of brain metastases.\n\n          8. Subjects with known HIV or chronic Hepatitis B or C infection.\n\n          9. Prior solid organ or bone marrow transplant.\n\n         10. History of or active autoimmune disease (e.g., autoimmune neutropenia,\n             thrombocytopenia, or hemolytic anemia, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjogren's\n             syndrome, scleroderma, myasthenia gravis, Goodpasture's syndrome, Addison's disease,\n             Hashimoto's thyroiditis, or Graves disease). Persons with vitiligo are not excluded.\n             Diabetics are not excluded if the condition is well controlled.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must be suitable to start treatment with single agent chemotherapy based on physician's choiceXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious single agent exposure to the selected chemotherapy regimen for randomisation.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with immediately life-threatening visceral disease, for whom chemotherapy is the preferred treatment option.Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects must have received at least 1 line of chemotherapy for metastatic MCC and must have progressed after the most recent line of chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior cytotoxic chemotherapy;Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy is allowed; patients must not have received chemotherapy for 4 weeks prior to the initiation of study treatment and must have full recovery from any acute effects of any prior chemotherapy; patients must not have had nitrosoureas or mitomycin C for 6 weeks prior to the initiation of study treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXMDS: No previous myelosuppressive therapy; for the purpose of this protocol myelosuppressive chemotherapy will be defined as chemotherapy given with the intent of inducing a complete remission (e.g., standard 7+3, high dose intermittent ARA-C [HIDAC], or Mylotarg)Xx_NEWLINE_xXMPD: No previous myelosuppressive therapy; for the purpose of this protocol myelosuppressive chemotherapy will be defined as chemotherapy given with the intent of inducing a complete remission (e.g., standard 7+3, HIDAC, or Mylotarg)Xx_NEWLINE_xXAtypical CML: No previous myelosuppressive therapy; for the purpose of this protocol myelosuppressive chemotherapy will be defined as chemotherapy given with the intent of inducing a complete remission (e.g., standard 7+3, HIDAC, or Mylotarg)Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubject meets the criteria per investigator's institution to receive SOC R-chemotherapy (ie, R-CHOP [14 or 21] or R-DA-EPOCH or R-CHOEP) of 6 cycles. Subjects may be enrolled on study prior to cycle 1 or cycle 2 of SOC R-chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXSubject must have completed 6 cycles of SOC R-chemotherapy and achieved CR, PR or stable disease by PET/CT performed 3 weeks (± 3 days) after cycle 6 of SOC R-chemotherapy. Subjects with PD are not eligible for treatment with blinatumomab and will end the study.Xx_NEWLINE_xXCytotoxic chemotherapy within 3 weeks of first trilaciclib (G1T28) doseXx_NEWLINE_xXCytotoxic chemotherapy; at least 21 days since last doseXx_NEWLINE_xXAny prior cytotoxic chemotherapy regimen, including antibody drug conjugates for RCC or cytotoxic chemotherapy within 3 weeks of study treatment for OCCCXx_NEWLINE_xXSubject who has had cytotoxic chemotherapy within 3 weeks prior to lymphodepleting chemotherapy; immune therapy (including monoclonal antibody therapy, checkpoint inhibitors or biological therapy within 4 weeks prior to lymphodepleting chemotherapy; corticosteroids or any other immunosuppressive therapy within 2 weeks prior to lymphodepleting chemotherapy; tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) (e.g. erlotinib, gefitinib) within 1 week prior to lymphodepleting chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXFor dose escalation phase (Phase Ib) 0 or 1 prior lines of chemotherapy for advanced pancreatic cancer. Prior gemcitabine is allowed, however prior nab-paclitaxel is not allowed.Xx_NEWLINE_xXContraindication to any drug in the chemotherapy regimen, and specificallyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy unless it was part of definitive-intent (curative intent) treatment more than 6 months before study entryXx_NEWLINE_xXSubject must have received at least 6 months of chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who received prior systemic chemotherapy for the study cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients on the Phase I portion may not have received ANY prior chemotherapy; patients on the Phase II portion may have received one prior cycle of any non-investigational chemotherapy; prior chemotherapy must have been completed within 56 days prior to registration and all toxicities must have resolved to =< grade 1; patients on either portion may have received prior treatment with dexamethasone, providing total number of days of treatment was =< 14 days and total treatment dose was =< 360 mgXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have previously been treated with cytotoxic chemotherapy; however, patients who received prior low-dose methotrexate for treatment of an ectopic pregnancy will be eligible for this studyXx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior palliative chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXNeoadjuvant chemotherapy before or after prostatectomyXx_NEWLINE_xXPhase 1b Dose Escalation - Individuals may have had unlimited prior hormonal therapy and a total of 2 prior chemotherapy regimens (adjuvant chemotherapy is considered 1 regimen). Individuals may have progressed on fulvestrant or exemestane.Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubject who was previously treated with at least one prior systemic chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or chemoimmunotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior cytotoxic chemotherapy for metastatic prostate cancer. Prior cytotoxic chemotherapy with curative intent in the neoadjuvant or adjuvant setting is allowed but must have been completed at least 6 months prior to registration. No cytotoxic chemotherapy is allowed during protocol specified therapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXNewly diagnosed locally advanced tumour which requires upfront systemic chemotherapy but is still amenable to curative treatment (i.e. chemotherapy followed by definitive chemoradiotherapy)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious administration of > 2 cycles of systemic chemotherapy as induction treatment before definitive chemoradiotherapy for early stage diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXTumor progression during or immediately after completion of =< 2 cycles of systemic chemotherapy as induction treatment before definitive chemoradiotherapy for early stage diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients may have a history of resectable urothelial cancer (including neoadjuvant chemotherapy) as long as patients meet one of the following:\r\n* pT0, Tis, or T1N0 and have no evidence of disease (NED) for more than 2 years from surgery or chemotherapy;\r\n* pT2-3aN0 and NED for more than 3 years from surgery or chemotherapy; or\r\n* > pT3b, or N+ and NED for more than 5 years from surgery or chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious systemic chemotherapy or radiation for bladder cancer. Note: Prior immunotherapy or intravesical (administered within the bladder) chemotherapy for superficial disease is acceptableXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior therapy with ? 1 systemic chemotherapy regimens for urothelial carcinomaXx_NEWLINE_xXReceived more than 3 prior systemic treatment regimens with chemotherapy , hormonal, or immunotherapy in the metastatic setting or received more than 1 prior chemotherapeutic regimen in the metastatic settingXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects who have had any prior chemotherapy within 5 years of enrollmentXx_NEWLINE_xXAt least 2 weeks from last chemotherapy or before chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemoradiotherapy for a pelvic recurrence is permitted. Prior chemotherapy in the adjuvant setting for Stage I, II or III disease is permitted. Note: No prior chemotherapy in the setting of Stage IV disease is permitted unless the patient was without evidence of disease at the completion of chemotherapy and had at least six months of progression-free survival since the completion of chemotherapy. Regardless of circumstances, no more than one prior chemotherapy regimen (including chemo-radiotherapy) is permitted.Xx_NEWLINE_xXIn Part A, prior treatment with at least one line of a single agent EGFR TKI and at least 1 line of chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients that have received prior taxane-based chemotherapy or abiraterone in any setting will not be eligible for the expansion cohort. Additional exclusion criterion for patients undergoing tumour biopsy:Xx_NEWLINE_xXAge > or equal to 60 years; patients younger than 60 who are unsuitable for or unwilling to receive standard cytotoxic chemotherapy are also eligible to be enrolledXx_NEWLINE_xXAnticipated need for systemic chemotherapy within 2 weeks before apheresis and infusion of CART-meso cellsXx_NEWLINE_xXNot be receiving neoadjuvant hormonal or chemotherapy (other clinical trials)Xx_NEWLINE_xXDocumentation of recurrent or progressive GBM following at least one (1) prior therapeutic regimen including upfront radiation and chemotherapy with temozolomide; up to three additional therapeutic regimens for disease progression prior to enrollment to the study is permittedXx_NEWLINE_xXFor patients with relapsed/refractory disease: patients may have previously received chemotherapy with a mitoxantrone- or cladribine-based regimen for MDS or AML; if that patient has received G-CLAM before and has been sensitive to this regimen, eligibility will be determined on a case-by-case basis by the study principal investigator (PI)Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of prior chemotherapy or pelvic irradiationXx_NEWLINE_xXPreviously treated with at least one prior systemic chemotherapy, immunotherapy or chemoimmunotherapy and have received at least 2 previous doses of rituximab.Xx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy in the 6 months prior to registrationXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious therapy for metastatic gastroesophageal cancer; previous perioperative chemotherapy is allowed as long as the duration without treatment has been greater than 6 monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious systemic chemotherapy for MPMXx_NEWLINE_xXThe following eligibility criteria pertain to patients enrolling into PART 2 of the study:\n\n        Inclusion:\n\n          -  Have a histologically confirmed diagnosis of high grade serous or Grade 2 or Grade 3\n             endometrioid epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer\n\n          -  Received at least 3 prior chemotherapy regimens. Non-chemotherapy regimens and\n             maintenance therapies administered as single agent treatment will not count as a\n             chemotherapy regimen\n\n          -  Relapsed/progressive disease as confirmed by CT scan\n\n          -  Have biopsiable and measurable disease. Note: biopsy is optional for patients known to\n             harbor a deleterious gBRCA mutation\n\n          -  Have sufficient archival formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor tissue\n             available for planned analyses\n\n        Exclusion:\n\n          -  History of prior cancers except for those that have been curatively treated, with no\n             evidence of cancer currently (provided all chemotherapy was completed >6 months prior\n             and/or bone marrow transplant >2 years prior to first dose of rucaparib).\n\n          -  Prior treatment with any PARP inhibitor\n\n          -  Symptomatic and/or untreated central nervous system metastases\n\n          -  Pre-existing duodenal stent and/or any other gastrointestinal disorder or defect that\n             would, in the opinion of the Investigator, interfere with absorption of rucaparib\n\n          -  Hospitalization for bowel obstruction within 3 months prior to enrollmentXx_NEWLINE_xXFor the purposes of this study, aggressive multidrug chemotherapy is defined as chemotherapy including 2 or more agents that must include an alkylating agent and a platinum-containing compound; patients must have ONE of the following:\r\n* First episode of recurrent disease following completion of aggressive multi-drug frontline therapy\r\n* First episode of progressive disease during aggressive multi-drug frontline therapy\r\n* Primary resistant/refractory disease (less than partial response by INRC) detected at the conclusion of at least 4 cycles of aggressive multidrug induction chemotherapy on or according to a high-risk neuroblastoma protocol (examples include A3973, ANBL0532, ANBL09P1, etc.)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have received frontline therapy (including surgery, chemotherapy, autologous stem cell transplant [SCT] +/- MIBG, immunotherapy, radiotherapy, and retinoids) but may NOT have received second line chemotherapy for resistant/refractory, relapsed disease or progressive diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects who have received any systemic chemotherapy, including anti-VEGF therapy, or any systemic investigational anticancer agents, including lenvatinib, for advanced/unresectable HCC. Note: Subjects who have received local hepatic injection chemotherapy are eligible.Xx_NEWLINE_xXA minimum of 4 weeks must have elapsed since the completion of prior chemotherapy; hydroxyurea for control of blasts is not counted as chemotherapy, and may be given until initiation of therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient must have not received systemic chemotherapy for metastatic disease; prior chemotherapy, radiation therapy, concurrent chemoradiation are allowed if used for treatment of non-metastatic disease; prior palliative radiation for symptom management is allowed; any chemotherapy must have been completed 4 weeks prior to enrollment; any radiotherapy must have been completed 2 weeks prior to enrollmentXx_NEWLINE_xXThe interval between definitive surgery for breast cancer and the first dose of chemotherapy must be no more than 8 weeks (56 days). The first cycle of chemotherapy must be administered within 7 days of randomization or on Day 56, whichever occurs firstXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients may not have received more than one prior chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy for bladder cancer; prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is allowableXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received any prior chemotherapy are not eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior or concurrent cytotoxic chemotherapy for prostate cancer; prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is permittedXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy for the study cancer; note that prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is allowable.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy (prior intravesical therapy is allowed)Xx_NEWLINE_xXUse of chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must be treated with a standardly accepted chemotherapy regimen if chemotherapy is indicated; (certain tumors of low-grade or small size may not require chemotherapy)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior taxane or anthracycline chemotherapy for malignancyXx_NEWLINE_xXNo previous chemotherapy, radiotherapy or transarterial embolization (with or without chemotherapy)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have had no more than two prior chemotherapeutic regimens for recurrent endometrial carcinoma. Chemotherapy administered in conjunction with primary radiation as a radio-sensitizer is not counted as a prior treatment for recurrent or advanced disease.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior nab-paclitaxel chemotherapy excluded.Xx_NEWLINE_xXParticipants must have received no more than 3 prior chemotherapy or cytotoxic regimens; there is no limit to the number of prior hormonal therapiesXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients are allowed to receive, but are not required to receive, up to two additional cytotoxic regimens for management of recurrent or persistent disease, with no more than 1 prior non-platinum cytotoxic chemotherapeutic regimen\r\n* Patients are allowed to receive, but are not required to receive, biologic/targeted (non-cytotoxic) therapy as part of their prior treatment; for the purposes of this study, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors will be considered “cytotoxic\; patients are allowed to receive, but are not required to receive, PARP inhibitors for management of primary or recurrent/persistent disease (either alone or in combination with cytotoxic chemotherapy); single agent hormonal therapies will not be counted as a line of treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXHas received a prior anthracycline chemotherapy either for ovarian cancer treatment or another previous malignancyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have received less than 3 prior chemotherapy regimens for progressive meningiomaXx_NEWLINE_xXHave received prior treatment with at least 2 chemotherapy regimens, of which at least 1 but no more than 2 have been administered in the metastatic setting.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients will have relapsed at least once and returned to complete clinical remission after additional chemotherapy; interval surgery is permittedXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients may sign screening consent during recurrence or at time of remission if they can start vaccine therapy within 4 months of completing chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of prior chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXAny prior exposure to neurotoxic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXMEDI4736 + nab-paclitaxel + gemcitabine chemotherapy cohort: treatment-naïve patients with metastatic PDAC who have received no previous systemic chemotherapy 5 MEDI4736 + Cohort: Patient should receive no more than 1 prior systemic chemotherapy regimen.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior treatment with greater than (>) 1 cytotoxic chemotherapy regimen or >2 endocrine therapies for advanced or metastatic diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient has had any prior intravesical chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or previous exposure to apaziquone.Xx_NEWLINE_xXMore than 3 prior lines of cytotoxic chemotherapy for ovarian cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXAny cancer directed therapies between completion of induction chemotherapy and treatment on protocolXx_NEWLINE_xXProgression during or after prior first- or second-line chemotherapy and eligible to receive topotecan therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy for prostate cancer (note that prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is allowed)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received prior chemotherapy for any abdominal or pelvic tumor are excluded. Patients may have received prior adjuvant chemotherapy for localized breast cancer, provided that it was completed more than three years prior to registration, and that the patient remains free of recurrent or metastatic disease.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received induction chemotherapy for their cancer diagnosisXx_NEWLINE_xXUndergone neoadjuvant chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXNeoadjuvant chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXFailed first-line chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXThe participant received combination chemotherapy prior to disease progression.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients are eligible upon progression after definitive local treatment (usually concurrent chemoradiation) if they are not candidates for salvage surgery or re-irradiation; patients are also eligible after progression on first line chemotherapy for recurrent diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXNo more than three prior systemic chemotherapy regimensXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have relapsed or are refractory to at least one prior chemotherapy regimen, and for whom no standard therapy exists; there is no limit to the number of prior chemotherapy regimens receivedXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious treatment with CLAG or other chemotherapy regimen containing both cladribine and cytarabineXx_NEWLINE_xXLess than 7 days from the completion of any previous cytotoxic chemotherapy (with the exception of hydroxyurea)Xx_NEWLINE_xXAny neoadjuvant chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXCytotoxic chemotherapy within the 28 days prior to randomizationXx_NEWLINE_xXNo induction chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXSubject that have received more than 2 prior lines of chemotherapy must not have liver metastasesXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have received at least one prior systemic chemotherapy regimen for metastatic pancreatic cancer; they should have experienced disease progression or intolerable toxicity from that regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received prior non-gemcitabine-based systemic chemotherapy for metastatic disease or those who are beyond 12 months of exposure to gemcitabine-based chemotherapy regimen are allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXSubject has received > 1 prior line of chemotherapy in the metastatic settingXx_NEWLINE_xXSubject has received any chemotherapy within 21 days prior to randomization.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior therapy with ? 1 systemic chemotherapy regimen for unresectable or metastatic pancreatic cancer or unwilling/unable to receive systemic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received prior cytotoxic chemotherapy for castration-resistant prostate cancer unless enrolled in a previous chemotherapy cohort.Xx_NEWLINE_xXMay have received one or more prior treatments with chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXHave undergone treatment with systemic chemotherapy within the last 1-5 yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have previously received at least one line of prior systemic chemotherapy or targeted treatment for metastatic disease OR have received prior adjuvant systemic chemotherapy within prior 6 months; patients with MBC, must have received at least a taxane based regimens; patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and anaplastic lymphoma receptor tyrosine kinase (ALK) mutations should have failed prior standard tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy; patients must have completed previous treatment (including other investigational therapy) in greater than or equal to the following times prior to initiation of study treatment:\r\n* Chemotherapy/targeted therapy administered in a daily or weekly schedule must be completed >= 2 weeks prior to study treatment \r\n* Chemotherapy/targeted therapy administered in a 2-weekly schedule must be completed >= 3 weeks prior to study treatment\r\n* Chemotherapy/targeted therapy administered in a 3-weekly or greater schedule must be completed >= 4 weeks prior to study treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXHas had chemotherapy for castration-resistant disease; chemotherapy for castration-sensitive disease is permittedXx_NEWLINE_xXSubject has received prior cytotoxic chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy for NSCLC.Xx_NEWLINE_xXNo more than 2 prior lines of systemic chemotherapy for metastatic urothelial cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXAt least one prior line of platin-based chemotherapy (unless refused or not tolerated)Xx_NEWLINE_xX> 2 prior chemotherapy regimensXx_NEWLINE_xXNote: Trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) is considered acceptable as prior Trastuzumab/chemotherapy regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXAfter completion of all chemotherapy, lung metastases must be =< 2 cmXx_NEWLINE_xXEligible to receive treatment with the selected doublet-chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients may have up to three prior lines of systemic cytotoxic chemotherapy for metastatic or unresectable disease; prior use of hormonal agents (agents targeting the androgen receptor or biosynthesis pathway [goserelin, leuprolide, bicalutamide, enzalutamide, abiraterone], tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitors, fulvestrant, etc) are allowed; other hormonal agents not listed need to be reviewed by the principal investigator prior to enrollment; combination chemotherapy is considered to be a single line of chemotherapy; docetaxel is a reasonable treatment option for their malignancyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy for the current SCCHN will not be allowed; patients with second primary cancers of the head and neck who remain in remission for 3 years from the prior diagnosis are eligible for this study, provided they may receive full dose radiation to the current SCCHN cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received prior chemotherapy for any abdominal or pelvic tumor are excluded; patients who have received neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to their initial debulking are excluded; patients may have received prior adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXSuitable for conventional single agent chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXCompletion of cytoreductive surgery and has completed one (and only one) course of platinum-based chemotherapy (5-9 cycles) >= 4 but =< 20 weeks prior to registration; NOTE: cytoreductive surgery may have been prior to or after the first cycle of chemotherapy but must include hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, if the uterus and/or ovaries had not previously been removed; NOTE: patients may have had more than one chemotherapy regimen (ex: paclitaxel/carboplatin switched to docetaxel/carboplatin due to allergy; weekly treatment switched to every 3 week treatment due to intolerance), but may not have received a separate course of treatment for recurrent ovarian cancer (OC); NOTE: patients may receive both neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy provided both regimens are platinum-based and total 9 or fewer chemotherapy cyclesXx_NEWLINE_xXConcomitant therapy with any of the following: interleukin (IL)-2, interferon, other non-study immunotherapy regimens, cytotoxic chemotherapy, other investigation therapiesXx_NEWLINE_xXPlanning to initiate adjuvant or neoadjuvant anthracycline (AC) chemotherapy (doxorubicin [doxorubicin hydrochloride] 60 mg/m^2 and cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m^2 every 2-3 weeks x 4 cycles)\r\n* Note: \r\n** Participants may be planning to receive additional adjuvant therapy after the completion of AC chemotherapy\r\n** Receipt of all standard chemotherapy and/or targeted therapy regimens after AC that deemed clinically appropriate by the treating physician are permitted; for example, patients may receive taxanes or carboplatin/paclitaxel; Her2 positive patients may receive trastuzumab with or without pertuzumab\r\n** HER2 positive patients must be planning to initiate trastuzumab therapy after AC chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXReceived cytotoxic chemotherapy, investigational agents, or radiation within 14 days, except SRS or stereotactic body radiosurgery.Xx_NEWLINE_xXCompletion of preoperative systemic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXUnlimited number of lines of endocrine therapy and up to two lines of cytotoxic chemotherapy in the metastatic setting (Phase Ib)Xx_NEWLINE_xXUnlimited number of lines of endocrine therapy and one line of cytotoxic chemotherapy in the metastatic setting (Phase II)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have received first line chemotherapy, from 4-6 cycles, and achieved stable disease or a partial responseXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior cytotoxic chemotherapy for the treatment of CRPC, including taxanes, mitoxantrone and estramustineXx_NEWLINE_xXCytoreduction allowed: \r\n* Hydroxyurea, corticosteroids, leukapheresis can be used prior to start of induction chemotherapy\r\n* Cyclophosphamide up to dose 50-60 mg/kg is allowed for cytoreduction, but must be given at least 7+/- 2 days before start of induction chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients may be treatment naïve, or may have received standard chemotherapy; including regimens containing a fluoropyrimidine, or oxaliplatin, or irinotecan, or regorafenib, or bevacizumab.Xx_NEWLINE_xXTreatment with cytotoxic chemotherapy for prostate cancer within the previous 4 weeks prior to randomization, or planned treatment with cytotoxic chemotherapy agents for prostate cancer during the treatment period or follow-upXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have had conventional intensive cytotoxic induction chemotherapy for treatment of specifically MDS or AML are excludedXx_NEWLINE_xXParticipants who have had chemotherapy or radiotherapy any time prior to entering the study or at any prior time for mesothelioma. Patients receiving chemotherapy type drugs for benign conditions can participate in this trialXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy\r\n* Up to 3 prior chemotherapy regimens for treatment of metastatic disease are allowed as long as study subject is in the investigator’s opinion acceptable for study treatment with the chemotherapy agents required on this study in cohort 2 study treatment at progression on T+P; all chemotherapy has to be discontinued >= 21 days before starting the study treatments with T+P\r\n* The chemotherapy regimen in cohort 2 will be based on the patients’ prior treatment; patient must not have previously progressed on the chemotherapy agent chosen by the principal investigator (PI) for the addition to the trastuzumab + pertuzumab backbone in this study\r\n* One of the following chemotherapy agents: eribulin mesylate (eribulin) or paclitaxel or nab-paclitaxel (abraxane) or docetaxel or vinorelbine tartrate (vinorelbine) or capecitabine at schedules and doses prespecified in the body of this protocol has to be acceptable for the study treatment and can be chosen by the PI at progression on trastuzumab and pertuzumab therapy\r\n* If needed chemotherapy dose adjustments are allowed per standard of careXx_NEWLINE_xXFor chemotherapy part of this study the study chemotherapy drug label guidelines have to be used to assure safetyXx_NEWLINE_xXSubject with rapidly progressing visceral disease who has not received and is thought to be able to tolerate cytotoxic chemotherapy. (However, subject who has previously received cytotoxic chemotherapy is permitted).Xx_NEWLINE_xXUnable to receive background chemotherapy based on prior treatment history and cardiac functionXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have had at least one prior treatment for metastatic disease with standard chemotherapy and cetuximab in combination or as monotherapy. [Note: patients who received panitumumab instead of cetuximab are eligible.]Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who received chemotherapy > 5 years ago for malignancies other than pancreatic cancer are eligible, provided that chemotherapy was completed > 5 years ago and that there is no evidence of the second malignancy at the time of study entryXx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior therapy with the exception of 1 cycle of chemotherapy based on current diagnosis and clinical conditionXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have had one prior chemotherapeutic regimen for management of cervical carcinoma; initial treatment may include chemotherapy, chemotherapy and radiation therapy, and/or chemotherapy as consolidation/maintenance therapy; chemotherapy administered in conjunction with primary radiation as a radiosensitizer will not be counted as a systemic chemotherapy regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects must not have received other antineoplastic agents with therapeutic intent, excluding hydroxyurea and antimetabolites administered as part of maintenance chemotherapy, within 7 days prior to study treatment initiationXx_NEWLINE_xXCompletion of previous chemotherapy regimen >= 2 weeks prior to the start of study treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXOther chemotherapy regimens may have been administered between the time of progression on prior trastuzumab containing regimen and protocol therapy; no restriction on prior chemotherapy regimens for advanced stage diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXComplete pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).Xx_NEWLINE_xXNo evidence of distant metastasis either prior to or after induction chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy for the study cancer; note that prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is allowableXx_NEWLINE_xXCOHORT II: Patients must not have previously received treatment with chemotherapy for MMXx_NEWLINE_xXCytotoxic chemotherapy or other chemotherapy known to be myelosuppressive: ?21 days after the last dose of cytotoxic or myelosuppressive chemotherapy (42 days if prior nitrosourea)Xx_NEWLINE_xXNo treatment with prior taxane-based chemotherapy for metastatic disease\r\n* Patients who received prior taxane-based chemotherapy as neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy for local disease, or who received taxane-based therapy in the PSA clinical (non-metastatic) state is allowable provided that the total duration of exposure was six cycles or less and chemotherapy was completed more than 6 months prior to registration\r\n* Taxane-based chemotherapy that was aborted due to allergic reactions or intolerance to chemotherapy and therefore received 1 cycle of prior therapy is allowableXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy is allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior treatment with HAI chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy for the study cancer; NOTE: prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is allowableXx_NEWLINE_xXAny number of prior chemotherapy regimens is allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must be at least 21 days post cytotoxic chemotherapy prior to enrollmentXx_NEWLINE_xXAge >= 60 years and not candidates for conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy or refuse it; OR patients below the age of 60 years who are considered unfit and/or unable to tolerate standard chemotherapy at the discretion of the treating physician or the principal investigatorXx_NEWLINE_xXParticipants who have received more than two prior chemotherapy regimens for metastatic CRPCXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects must have exhibited lack of CR or PR or progression within 6 months after the last dose of a chemotherapy induction regimen or RIT.Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects must have a clinically indicated need for systemic chemotherapy for adenocarcinoma of the lung based on the investigator's assessmentXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of prior chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must be, in the opinion of the investigator, in response (partial or complete radiological response), or may have no evidence of disease (if optimal cytoreductive surgery was conducted prior to chemotherapy), and no evidence of a rising CA-125, following completion of this chemotherapy courseXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have had drainage of their ascites during the final 2 cycles of their last chemotherapy regimen prior to enrolment on the study.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of prior chemotherapy in the past 5 yearsXx_NEWLINE_xXMust have received at least 1 prior platinum-based chemotherapy regimen but have received no more than 3 lines of prior chemotherapy regimens, with no limit to the number of lines of prior hormonal therapy. Front-line therapy may include neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy and will be counted as 1 prior systemic regimen. Biological therapy (e.g. bevacizumab) administered as a single agent is considered a prior systemic regimen and not a prior chemotherapy regimen. Maintenance therapy is not considered its own regimen but should be included with the regimen that it follows.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients that have received a chemotherapy regimen with stem cell support in the previous 6 monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXAt least 21 days from the completion of any previous cytotoxic chemotherapy or biological therapy at time of initiation of POL6326.Xx_NEWLINE_xXUp to one prior line of chemotherapy for advanced disease is allowed; if received, prior chemotherapy must be discontinued at least 14 days prior to initiation of protocol therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXHaving recovered from prior surgery, radiation, chemotherapy (cytotoxic and noncytotoxic) to toxicity grade =< 1 or returned to baseline; previous treatment with immunotherapies, cytotoxic drugs, or other targeted agents is permitted; if cytotoxic chemotherapy was previously received, the last dose must be >= 1 month before leukapheresis; for other agents, the last dose must be >= 14 days before leukapheresisXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy for prostate cancer, with the exception of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy, because of the potential effect of chemotherapy on the immune system.Xx_NEWLINE_xXNo more than two lines of prior cytotoxic chemotherapy in the recurrent/metastatic (palliative intent) treatment settingXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have had no more than two prior chemotherapeutic regimens for recurrent management of endometrial carcinoma; chemotherapy administered in conjunction with primary radiation as a radio-sensitizer is not counted as a prior treatment for recurrent or advanced diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient receiving any concurrent chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPRE-REGISTRATION EXCLUSION CRITERIA: Prior chemotherapy for this cancer (excluding initiation of best practice chemotherapy to be given as standard of care, which may be initiated after the pre-registration bone marrow collection but before final confirmation of eligibility and randomization)Xx_NEWLINE_xXREGISTRATION EXCLUSION CRITERIA: Prior chemotherapy for this cancer (excluding initiation of best practice chemotherapy to be given as standard of care, which may be initiated after the pre-registration bone marrow collection but before final confirmation of eligibility and randomization)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received prior chemotherapy (including Gliadel wafers) for the current gliomaXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must complete the standard chemotherapy appropriate for the histologic subtype of lymphoma and be able to start radiation therapy within 3 months of completing chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXAt least 2 prior chemotherapy regimens; at least one fludarabine or other nucleoside analog containing regimen; chemotherapy in combination with monoclonal antibody (Rituxan) will be considered one prior regimen, but single agent Rituxan will not be considered one prior regimen; single agent ofatumumab will be counted as a regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient receiving any concurrent chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy treatment unless =< 5 years agoXx_NEWLINE_xXSTEP 1 ENROLLMENT: standard induction chemotherapy planned defined as: at least 4 cycles of platinum doublet chemotherapy for metastatic disease (with or without bevacizumab); if the patient is known to be EGFR mutation positive, erlotinib, afatinib, or gefitinib for >= 3 months, or for patients with known EML4-ALK fusions, crizotinib for >= 3 monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXRecommended to undergo pelvic irradiation with concurrent chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXMore than 3 prior lines of chemotherapy for recurrent cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy (unless allowed for some study arms)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have recovered from the acute toxicity of all prior chemotherapy; patients may not have received cytotoxic chemotherapy within 2 weeks of first dose of G-CSF (filgrastim) therapy, with exception of hydroxyurea, which is allowed for up to 24 hours prior to first dose of G-CSF, and intrathecal chemotherapy, which is allowed prior to, or in the 1st 72 hours after start of G-CSF therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXCurrent concomitant chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or immunotherapy other than as specified in the protocol with the exception of intrathecal chemotherapy; this includes the tyrosine kinase inhibitor sorafenib which must not be initiated until patient demonstrates count recoveryXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with second malignancies in remission may be eligible if there is clinical evidence of disease stability for a period of greater than 6 months off cytotoxic chemotherapy, documented by imaging, tumor marker studies, etc., at screening. Patients maintained on long-term non-chemotherapy treatment, e.g., hormonal therapy, are eligible.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatient must not have had previous systemic chemotherapy for the study cancer; (Note: prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is allowable)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXExperienced progression after one or more prior regimens of cytotoxic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXRelapsed after ? 2 prior chemotherapy- or immunotherapy-based regimens for indolent NHL, or refractory to 2 prior chemotherapy and/ or immunotherapy-based regimens.Xx_NEWLINE_xXRelapsed after ? 2 prior chemotherapy regimens, including the following: First-line treatment with standard anthracycline-containing regimen (e.g., cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone or equivalent). At least 1 additional combination chemotherapy regimen. Patients relapsed after or refractory to first prior chemotherapy- and/or immunotherapy-based regimen for aggressive NHL and not eligible for high-dose regimen followed by transplant. High-dose chemotherapy, or chemoradiotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation is considered 1 regimen. Patients with CD20 expressing neoplastic cells must have received prior rituximab, if available.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with transformed indolent lymphoma must have received at least 2 prior chemotherapy- and/or immunotherapy-based regimensXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent chemotherapy, or targeted anti-cancer agents, other than hydroxyureaXx_NEWLINE_xXFor patients with HL or ALCL, subjects are eligible after failure of at least one prior multi-agent chemotherapy regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXMust have received first line chemotherapy; no upper limit for the number of prior therapiesXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients that have been treated with > 3 prior chemotherapy regimensXx_NEWLINE_xXNot considered eligible for one or more of the chemotherapy agents included in the induction regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have received at least one chemotherapy regimen which contained doxorubicin.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy (prior intravesical therapy is allowed)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have had chemotherapy or radiotherapy within 2 weeks except for intrathecal chemotherapy (i.e., methotrexate, cytarabine, or thiotepa)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with up to 2 prior chemotherapy regimens are eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient receiving any concurrent chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXCurrent or prior chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior bevacizumab and any cytotoxic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received prior chemotherapy for any abdominal or pelvic tumor are excluded; patients may have received prior adjuvant chemotherapy for localized breast cancer, provided that it was completed more than three years prior to registration, and that the patient remains free of recurrent or metastatic diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must not have received neoadjuvant chemotherapy for the present diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who received chemotherapy directed at the present diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXMore than 2 prior lines of cytotoxic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXHave received at least three prior chemotherapy regimens and have relapsed disease confirmed by radiologic assessmentXx_NEWLINE_xXSubject who the investigator considers that chemotherapy is not indicated.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatient is not a candidate for, or has not demonstrated a significant local response to chemotherapy, biologic, hormonal ,or other therapiesXx_NEWLINE_xXCytotoxic chemotherapy: ? duration of the most recent cycle of the previous regimen (a minimum of 2 weeks for all)Xx_NEWLINE_xXNo history of previous chemotherapy or pelvic irradiationXx_NEWLINE_xXHistory of prior chemotherapy or pelvic irradiationXx_NEWLINE_xXPlan for chemotherapy or targeted therapies during WBRT or over the subsequent 7 daysXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient concurrently has another primary malignant disease, which requires systemic treatment (chemotherapy or radiation)Xx_NEWLINE_xXFor patients > 60 years of age the 1 cycle of standard chemotherapy is not required if either of the following criteria is met:\r\n* Relapse within 6 months of last chemotherapy\r\n* Blast count < 30% within 10 days of starting protocol therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXFailure to one induction course of chemotherapy (these patients will be analyzed separately)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior anti-cancer therapy that fulfills the following criteria: a total of more than three (Arms A and B) or two (Arms C and D) prior cytotoxic chemotherapy regimens, high-dose chemotherapy requiring stem-cell support, and irradiation to >=25 percent (%) of bone marrow-bearing areasXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have had 2 or more regimens containing cytotoxic chemotherapy for metastatic melanoma.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients may receive any number of cycles of chemotherapy prior to treatment with SBRT, but not within 2 weeks of the first fraction of radiotherapy (RT); patients are not required to receive any chemotherapy to be eligible for study enrollmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have partial remission (PR) to salvage chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXFludarabine-based chemotherapy within 6 monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXAny number of previous chemotherapy regimens (except those containing TMZ or dacarbazine [DTIC]) in the metastatic setting are allowed as long as >= 4 weeks have elapsed from last treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXMore than 1 prior chemotherapy regimen for mCRC; previous adjuvant FOLFOX based chemotherapy is allowed; prior FOLFIRI or single agent irinotecan is prohibitedXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior treatment with not more than 1 systemic agent (including chemotherapy or biologic agent e.g. vandetanib for patients with medullary thyroid cancer)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have had one prior systemic chemotherapeutic regimen for management of advanced, metastatic, or recurrent carcinoma of the cervix\r\n* Chemotherapy administered concurrent with primary radiation (e.g.; weekly cisplatin) is not counted as a systemic chemotherapy regimen for management of advanced, metastatic, or recurrent disease; adjuvant chemotherapy given following the completion of radiation therapy (or concurrent chemotherapy and radiation therapy) is not counted as a systemic chemotherapy regimen for management of advanced, metastatic, or recurrent disease (e.g.; paclitaxel and carboplatin for up to 4 cycles)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received prior chemotherapy for any abdominal or pelvic tumor OTHER THAN for the treatment of cervical cancer within the last three years are excluded; patients may have received prior adjuvant chemotherapy for localized breast cancer, provided that it was completed more than three years prior to registration, and that the patient remains free of recurrent or metastatic diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXDocumentation regarding the details of administration of all systemic chemotherapy must be availableXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB) who have not received myelosuppressive chemotherapy i.e. induction chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior neoadjuvant chemotherapy for this cancer is permitted however patients must have completed treatment within 70 days prior to cystectomy and recovered from all associated toxicities at the time of registrationXx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior treatment with cytotoxic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient who shows evidence of progressive disease during salvage chemotherapy or following ASCTXx_NEWLINE_xXExclusion criteria below (*) apply only to patients who are enrolled AFTER completing 3 to 6 cycles of first-line chemotherapy; exclusion criteria (*) DO NOT APPLY to patients who are enrolled prior to completing 3 to 6 cycles of first-line chemotherapy; these patients can be enrolled but ultimately MAY not be treated with radiation therapy/SBRT; this is dependent on their restaging imaging after the completion of chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xX* Patients with complete response to first-line chemotherapy with no measurable target for SBRT/RTXx_NEWLINE_xXNo cytotoxic chemotherapy within 30 days prior to registration for protocol therapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious cytotoxic chemotherapy (e.g. alkylating chemotherapy, anthracyclines, and vinca alkaloids), radiation therapy, and any experimental therapy within the context of a clinical trial must have been discontinued at least 28 days prior to entry onto this studyXx_NEWLINE_xXSubject may have received chemotherapy or other therapy after harvest of tumor and prior to enrollment; subjects who have achieved complete response following chemotherapy are still eligible for participationXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent chemotherapy is not allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXMay have received up to two prior lines of chemotherapy for advanced diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXExpansion Cohort 3: Subjects with UC with transitional cell histology (including bladder, renal pelvis, ureter, urethra) who are ineligible for cisplatin-based chemotherapy and have not received prior systemic chemotherapy for inoperable, locally advanced, or metastatic diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXExpansion Cohort 4: Subjects with UC with transitional cell histology (including bladder, renal pelvis, ureter, urethra) eligible for cisplatin-based chemotherapy and have not received prior systemic chemotherapy for inoperable, locally advanced, or metastatic diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXAble to receive intensive induction chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious chemotherapy for AML except for the following, which are allowed:Xx_NEWLINE_xXParticipants may have 0-1 prior lines of cytotoxic chemotherapy in the metastatic settingXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects must have recurrent, unresectable, or metastatic cervical cancer and have relapsed after a platinum-containing doublet administered for treatment of advanced (recurrent, unresectable, or metastatic) disease. Subjects must have persistent, recurrent, or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma or adenocarcinoma of the cervix, with documented disease progression (disease not amenable to curative therapy). Note: The following cervical tumors are not eligible: minimal deviation/adenoma malignum, gastric type adenocarcinoma, clear cell carcinoma and mesonephric carcinoma. Histologic confirmation of the original primary tumor is required via pathology report. Subjects must have had one prior systemic chemotherapeutic regimen for management of persistent, recurrent, or metastatic carcinoma of the cervix (e.g., paclitaxel/cisplatin, paclitaxel/cisplatin/bevacizumab). Chemotherapy administered concurrently with primary radiation (e.g., weekly cisplatin) is not counted as a systemic chemotherapy regimen. Adjuvant chemotherapy given following completion of radiation therapy (or concurrent chemotherapy and radiation therapy) is not counted as a systemic chemotherapy regimen (e.g., paclitaxel and carboplatin for ?4 cycles). Note: Subjects who have received >1 prior regimen are not eligible.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received induction chemotherapy before radiation treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXSystemic chemotherapy prior to final breast conserving surgeryXx_NEWLINE_xXAny number of prior chemotherapy regimens is permittedXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who are chemotherapy naiveXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have had one prior platinum-based chemotherapeutic regimen for management of endometrial carcinoma or carcinosarcoma; initial treatment may include chemotherapy, chemotherapy and radiation therapy, and/or consolidation/maintenance therapy; chemotherapy administered in conjunction with primary radiation as radio-sensitizer WILL be counted as a systemic chemotherapy regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXAny chemotherapy within 30 days of enrollment.Xx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy within 14 days of the start of this trialXx_NEWLINE_xXCompleted all planned therapy for T >= 1.0 cm, Nx, M0 or Tx, N >= N1, M0  triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) (American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition) meeting the following guidelines:\r\n* Received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and/or completed adjuvant chemotherapy with or without radiation; (the patient may have had adjuvant and/or neoadjuvant chemotherapy for their disease); patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy may have either residual disease or a complete response; adjuvant/neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens must include at least 4 cycles of a standard chemotherapy regimen, and generally this should include one of the generally accepted standard regimens (including but not limited to: doxorubicin hydrochloride, cyclophosphamide and paclitaxel [AC-T], Taxotere and cyclophosphamide [TC], doxorubicin hydrochloride and cyclophosphamide [AC], or cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and fluorouracil [CMF]); for patients who received their standard chemotherapy as part of a clinical trial, the regimen should include at least 4 cycles of therapy; patients who initiate planned chemotherapy but discontinue before receiving 4 cycles due to toxicity will be eligible\r\n* All planned radiation therapy and surgery for the treatment of the current cancer should be complete (not including plastic or reconstructive surgery)\r\n* Patients with local-regional recurrence without evidence of distant metastases (no definite stage IV disease) who are treated with curative intent may be eligible following completion of all surgery and/or chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy; such patients must have no evidence of residual disease by standard clinical and radiological examination (per investigator discretion) following completion of curative intent treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior non-cisplatin based neoadjuvant systemic chemotherapy for urothelial carcinoma (prior intravesical chemotherapy or immunotherapy is permissible)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior cisplatin based neoadjuvant systemic chemotherapy for more than 4 cyclesXx_NEWLINE_xXInduction chemotherapy is allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXELIGIBILITY PRIOR TO POST-CHEMOTHERAPY IMMUNOTHERAPY:Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious irradiation for head and neck tumor; concurrent chemotherapy other than the treatment per protocol; previous chemotherapy =< 3 months from start of radiation therapy (RT)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior treatment\r\n* Currently receiving first-line treatment with pemetrexed + platinum; patients are to be registered to Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) 30901 no later than the last day of cycle 4 of first line therapy\r\n* Prior intracavitary cytotoxic or sclerosing therapy (including bleomycin) are acceptable; prior intrapleural cytotoxic chemotherapy will not be considered systemic chemotherapy\r\n* Prior surgical treatment is allowed\r\n* Prior radiation therapy is allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with complete response, partial response, or stable disease following 4, 5 or 6 cycles of first-line chemotherapy with pemetrexed AND either cisplatin or carboplatin; a maximum of 6 cycles of chemotherapy may have been givenXx_NEWLINE_xXFor patients with no prior chemotherapy, treatment must start within 35 days of\r\ndefinitive surgery or as indicated if enrolled on therapeutic studyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with more than one previous chemotherapy regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with recurrent or progressive disease after one or more regimens of pre-radiation chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPreviously treated with a maximum of four unique chemotherapy containing treatment regimensXx_NEWLINE_xXWomen undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy are not eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXArm B: Relapsed from or refractory to ? 2 prior chemotherapy regimens with ? 1 regimen containing rituximabXx_NEWLINE_xXArm C: Relapsed from or refractory to ? 2 prior chemotherapy regimens with ? 1 regimen containing rituximab or failed 1 prior rituximab-containing regimen and unable to tolerate additional multiagent chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXMultiple myeloma or plasma cell leukemia must have received more than one line of prior chemotherapy; consolidation of chemotherapy by autografting prior to nonmyeloablative HCT is permittedXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious chemotherapy for any malignancy including temozolomide, dacarbazine (DTIC) or prior nitrosoureaXx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior chemotherapy, including carmustine-containing wafers (Gliadel®)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received previous chemotherapy for the treatment of metastatic or unresectable gastric or GEJ adenocarcinoma are ineligible; patients who have received previous pre- or post-operative chemotherapy or chemoradiation are ineligible if therapy was completed less than 6 months prior to study registration; patients must have recovered from adverse events from any previous therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXFailed at least one prior chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior systemic chemotherapy for patients who present with metastatic disease. For patients with recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, prior chemotherapy is allowed if it was given as part of their definitive therapy. If patients have received prior combined modality therapy, they must be off therapy for at least 6 months.Xx_NEWLINE_xXTIER I SUBJECTS: Patients with relapsed follicular lymphoma achieving at least a PR following their most recent systemic chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy regimen; Tier I subjects must have had at least two prior chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy regimens; partial response from pre-study regimen may be either a clinically determined response by the principal investigator or physician co-investigator member of the study team, or a measured response as per the response criteria of this protocolXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received systemic chemotherapy (corticosteroids not included) less than 3 weeks prior to the start of this protocolXx_NEWLINE_xXAll patients may have received up to two prior lines of chemotherapy for recurrent/advanced diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXMore than 4 prior cytotoxic chemotherapy regimensXx_NEWLINE_xXReceived prior treatment with HMA or chemotherapy for antecedent myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)Xx_NEWLINE_xXNo previous chemotherapy, radiotherapy or transarterial embolization (with or without chemotherapy).Xx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy within 28 days prior to C1D1Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with prior cytotoxic chemotherapy are eligible to participate if they have been progression free for at least 12 months since the initiation of cytotoxic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXWomen with TNBC who have received at least one but no more than two prior chemotherapy regimens for TNBCXx_NEWLINE_xXCandidate for pelvic, pelvic-inguinal, or extended field radiotherapy with or without concurrent chemotherapy; patients undergoing preoperative or adjuvant chemotherapy are excludedXx_NEWLINE_xXRecent chemotherapy within 3 weeks of screeningXx_NEWLINE_xXCandidates for cytotoxic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXReceived more than one line of chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have had more than 4 prior chemotherapy regimensXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received prior chemotherapy for any abdominal or pelvic tumor other than for treatment of ovarian carcinoma within the last 3 years are excluded; patients may have received prior chemotherapy for localized breast cancer, provided that it was completed more than three years prior to registration and the patient remains free of recurrent of metastatic diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapies: Salvage chemotherapy must be stopped at least 1 week prior to leukapheresisXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior intra-arterial embolization, chemotherapy or systemic therapy for HCC.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior treatment with cytotoxic chemotherapy for advanced NSCLC; neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy is permitted if at least 6 months has elapsed between the end of chemotherapy and randomizationXx_NEWLINE_xXUse of targeted agents (e.g., monoclonal antibodies or kinase inhibitors) will not be counted as a prior chemotherapy treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients may not have received more than 2 prior cytotoxic regimensXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with unresectable, malignant pleural or peritoneal mesothelioma who have progressed on first-line pemetrexed-based chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have stable disease (or better) during the initial induction chemotherapy with first-line chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy regimens =< 1Xx_NEWLINE_xXPre-registration chemotherapy given within 42 days of treatment (treatment meaning surgery if Arm A, chemotherapy if Arm B)Xx_NEWLINE_xXProgressive disease after ? 1 prior chemotherapy regimen.Xx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy: no limit to prior therapies; however, patients with multiple chemotherapy regimens will be screened for lymphocyte proliferation at investigator’s discretionXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy treatment for metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (Arm: idelalisib single agent only)Xx_NEWLINE_xXReceived one prior line of chemotherapy for metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (Arm: idelalisib + mFOLFOX6 only)Xx_NEWLINE_xXParticipants who have received > 1 prior line of chemotherapy in the advanced or metastatic setting. (Immunotherapy will not be considered a line of chemotherapy.)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior treatment with chemotherapy for CRPCXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must be untreated or have had only one prior chemotherapy regimen for ALL or LL; previously treated patients will be analyzed separatelyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy for ovarian cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXHas experienced failure of at least 1 prior chemotherapy regimen:Xx_NEWLINE_xXA drug provided as maintenance therapy following cytotoxic chemotherapy will be considered to be part of that regimen.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPreviously untreated RT patients deemed ineligible for, or that refuse, intensive chemotherapy are eligible.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHistopathologically-confirmed diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma (pleural or peritoneal). Must have disease that has relapsed following at least one prior line of chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXMust have received at least 3 cycles of first-line chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXTwo or more relapses after initial response to induction chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients should have received at least 2 cycles of induction therapy or 1 induction and 1 consolidation cycle, OR patient should be considered to have completed all planned chemotherapy, OR patient is considered to be unable, unfit or unwilling to receive additional chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects should have received and failed at least one prior cytotoxic chemotherapy regimen for advanced disease that included trastuzumabXx_NEWLINE_xXMore than 2 prior cytotoxic chemotherapy regimens for relapsed or metastatic diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXFront-line chemotherapy that did not contain trastuzumabXx_NEWLINE_xXMore than one prior line of chemotherapy (i.e., 2nd or 3rd line chemotherapy) for advanced and/or metastatic (stage III B or IV NSCLC) or recurrent disease.Xx_NEWLINE_xXAnother active primary malignant disease, which requires systemic treatment (chemotherapy or radiation)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients in first relapse must be chemoresistant or intolerant to chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXOther concurrent chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy for the study cancer; note that prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is allowableXx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior systemic chemotherapy or WEE1 kinase inhibitor therapy for metastatic or recurrent disease will be allowed; patients are permitted to have received prior systemic chemotherapy as a part of the initial multimodality treatment for locally advanced disease if this treatment was completed more than 6 months prior to enrollmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) must have never received and currently be ineligible for cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy due to any of the following:\r\n* Calculated creatinine clearance of < 60 ml/min\r\n* Karnofsky performance status (KPS) < 80\r\n* Solitary kidney or\r\n* Patient refusal to undergo neoadjuvant chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious treatment with hypomethylating agent or induction chemotherapy for MDSXx_NEWLINE_xXMust have disease progression or recurrence documented by radiographic assessment following treatment after last chemotherapy or chemoradiation regimen (completed within the previous 12 months).Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior immunotherapy (e.g. sipuleucel-T), and chemotherapy are permitted (4 week washout period from chemotherapy)Xx_NEWLINE_xXNo more than 2 prior chemotherapy regimens.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPts with NSCLC who have received, are receiving or are planning to receive two to four cycles of standard frontline chemotherapy are eligible; choice of chemotherapy is at the discretion of the medical oncologist; concurrent chemoradiotherapy will not be permitted during the active study period; post-operative radiotherapy can be administered as clinically indicatedXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior treatment for NSCLC except for pleurodesis and/or standard frontline chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXCurrently or previously treated with biologic, small molecule, immunotherapy, chemotherapy, or other agents for metastatic pancreatic carcinomaXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients on chemotherapy &/or targeted agents for palliationXx_NEWLINE_xXFor subjects with liver metastases developing > 6 months after completing treatment for primary CRC and having undergone surgery with curative intent for liver metastases, a second course of chemotherapy lasting at least 3 months needs to be administered, including a fluoropyrimidine and either oxaliplatin or irinotecan or both. The second course of chemotherapy should not exceed 9 months.Xx_NEWLINE_xXFor subjects who developed liver metastases >/=6 months after completing treatment for primary CRC and having undergone surgery with curative intent for liver metastases, a second course of chemotherapy is not permitted unless initial adjuvant therapy consisted of fluoropyrimidine monotherapy. Subjects who received fluoropyrimidine alone must have received a second course of chemotherapy with fluoropyrimidine and either oxaliplatin or irinotecan or both, which should not exceed 9 months.For subjects with initial Stage I or II disease, no chemotherapy is required for a primary CRC lesion treated with surgery with curative intent. These subjects must receive chemotherapy for the treatment of liver metastases (which were also treated with surgery with curative intent), which must last at least 3 months, including a fluoropyrimidine and either oxaliplatin or irinotecan or both. The total course of chemotherapy should not exceed 9 months.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy (prior intravesical therapy is allowed)Xx_NEWLINE_xXSystemic chemotherapy less than 14 days prior; however treatment may start earlier if there is evidence of rapidly progressive disease if approved by the principal investigatorXx_NEWLINE_xX4. Received only one prior chemotherapy regimen consisting of ? 4 cycles of pemetrexed/cisplatin or pemetrexed/carboplatin; subjects must have documentation of an ongoing response (confirmed PR or SD) following completion of this regimen. Subjects changing from cisplatin to carboplatin or vice versa within the same course of treatment because of platinum toxicity will be considered to have had first-line chemotherapy. Note: Subjects may have undergone previous surgical resection of their disease providing it was completed prior to initiation of chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior treatment with any number of immunotherapies (e.g., IL2, ipilimumab), targeted therapies (e.g., vemurafenib) are permitted but no more than one 1 prior chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy for the study cancer; note that prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is allowableXx_NEWLINE_xXAML patients must either:\r\n* Be ineligible to receive standard intensive induction chemotherapy (based upon judgement of the treating physician, based on parameters such as comorbidities, cytogenetic studies as well as), or\r\n* Have relapsed or refractory disease to previous chemotherapy (induction and/or consolidation) for acute myeloid leukemia; patients must have recovered from acute toxicities of AML chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXTreatment with more than one prior chemotherapy regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received chemotherapy within 7 days prior to the cryoablation procedureXx_NEWLINE_xXAny prior cytotoxic chemotherapy except TemozolomideXx_NEWLINE_xXINDUCTION CHEMOTHERAPY:Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatient must not have received prior chemotherapy or radiation for pancreatic cancer and no exposure to systemic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy for recurrent glioblastoma with nitrosourea compounds or bevacizumabXx_NEWLINE_xXCytotoxic chemotherapy, such as dacarbazine, temozolomide, carboplatin +/-paclitaxel.Xx_NEWLINE_xXMESOTHELIOMA COHORTS (COHORTS 1 AND 2 ONLY): Patients must have had at least one prior chemotherapy regimen, with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved regimen of a platinum-based therapy in combination with pemetrexed being preferred unless there was a specific contraindication for an individual patient; there is no limit to the number of prior chemotherapy regimens receivedXx_NEWLINE_xXPANCREATIC CANCER COHORT (COHORT 4 ONLY): Patients must have had at least one prior chemotherapy for advanced disease; there is no limit to the number of prior chemotherapy regimens receivedXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXERLOTINIB HYDROCHLORIDE ARM: Patients with SCLC or thymic malignancies must have been treated with at least 1 previous standard of care chemotherapy regimen or refuse to be treated with conventional chemotherapy agentsXx_NEWLINE_xXSELUMETINIB ARM: Patients must have been treated with at least 1 previous standard of care chemotherapy regimen or refuse to be treated with conventional chemotherapy agentsXx_NEWLINE_xXAKT INHIBITOR MK2206 ARM: Patients must have been treated with at least 1 previous standard of care chemotherapy regimen or refuse to be treated with conventional chemotherapy agentsXx_NEWLINE_xXLAPATINIB DITOSYLATE ARM: Patients must have been treated with at least 1 previous standard of care chemotherapy regimen or refuse to be treated with conventional chemotherapy agentsXx_NEWLINE_xXSUNITINIB MALATE ARM: Patients must have been treated with at least 1 previous standard of care chemotherapy regimen or refuse to be treated with conventional chemotherapy agentsXx_NEWLINE_xXCandidate for chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXAny medical contraindications for chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient has received more than one line of chemotherapy for advanced disease.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPRIOR THERAPY: Patients should have had NO prior chemotherapy agents for advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer; prior chemotherapy administration in conjunction with primary radiation therapy as a radiosensitizer would NOT exclude a patient from participation in this trialXx_NEWLINE_xXNo evidence of distant metastasis either prior to or after induction chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have received at least 1 line of cytotoxic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior first-line chemotherapy must have consisted of at least 4 cycles and no more than 6 cycles of gemcitabine + cisplatin and/or gemcitabine + carboplatinXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have had at least one but no more than four prior chemotherapeutic regimens for management of endometrial carcinoma (including neo-adjuvant and/or adjuvant chemotherapy); initial treatment may include chemotherapy, chemotherapy and radiation therapy, and/or consolidation/maintenance therapy; chemotherapy administered in conjunction with primary radiation as a radio-sensitizer WILL be counted as a systemic chemotherapy regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects with histologically confirmed relapsed or refractory DLBCL who have received at least 1 prior rituximab containing chemotherapy regimen but no more than 5 prior lines of therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior chemotherapy for metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck; subjects who have received chemotherapy as part of a multi-modality curative approach for head and neck cancer will be eligible as long as they have not received either docetaxel or capecitabine (or fluorouracil [5-FU]) as part of that regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy for metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck; subjects who have received chemotherapy as part of a multi-modality curative approach for head and neck cancer will be eligible as long as they have not received either docetaxel or capecitabine (or 5-FU) as part of that regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy-refractory disease, defined as one of more of the following:Xx_NEWLINE_xXan anthracycline containing chemotherapy regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients may have had up to two prior cytotoxic chemotherapy regimens for their disease (immunological or targeted therapy e.g. vaccine, IL-2, B-RAF inhibitors, will not be considered prior cytotoxic chemotherapy). Patient should not have been treated with Docetaxel, Paclitaxel or other taxanes.Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects must have received treatment for CLL with chemotherapy agents or antibodies OR if subjects are previously untreated they must state in the consent form that they are refusing to be treated with chemotherapy or antibodiesXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior treatment with any investigational drug, chemotherapy, or monoclonal antibody within the preceding 1 monthXx_NEWLINE_xXReceived Plasma cell directed chemotherapy within 6 monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXThere are no limits on prior therapy; patients are allowed to have prior chemotherapy and surgery; patients are allowed to have concurrent chemotherapy with radiation treatment; patients are allowed to have chemotherapy or surgery after radiation treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXAny of the following prior therapies:\r\n* Systemic chemotherapy for bladder cancer at any time; NOTE: intravesical chemotherapy is allowed\r\n* Systemic chemotherapy for other malignancies =< 3 years prior to pre-registrationXx_NEWLINE_xXMore than 1 prior chemotherapy regimen (a subject who received first- line carboplatin and taxane and then receives the same taxane second- line will be considered to have had 1 prior chemotherapy regimen)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy regimen given for first (1st) relapse, not including the use of hydroxyurea or plasmapheresis that is used prior to the initiation of chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXKey inclusion criteria:\n\n          1. Histological or cytological confirmation of epithelial ovarian, primary peritoneal, or\n             fallopian cancer from any previous time point.\n\n          2. Recurrent or relapsed after completion of initial therapy of epithelial ovarian,\n             primary peritoneal, or fallopian cancer from any previous time point (includes\n             completion of surgery with or without postoperative chemotherapy, including\n             maintenance chemotherapy)\n\n          3. Elevation of CA-125 according to the following definitions:\n\n               -  Patients with an elevated CA-125 before chemotherapy and normalization of CA-125\n                  with/after chemotherapy must show evidence of CA-125 greater than or equal to 2\n                  times the upper limit of normal (ULN) on 2 occasions at least 1 week apart\n\n               -  Patients with an elevated CA-125 before cancer chemotherapy, which never\n                  normalizes, must show evidence of CA-125 greater than or equal to 2 times the\n                  nadir value on 2 occasions at least 1 week apart\n\n               -  Patients with CA-125 in the normal range before cancer chemotherapy must show\n                  evidence of CA-125 greater than or equal to 2 times the ULN on 2 occasions at\n                  least 1 week apart\n\n                    -  For patients who have received subsequent treatment for recurrent cancer,\n                       \chemotherapy\ in the above criteria refers to the most recent round of\n                       chemotherapy.\n\n          4. Patients with a history of ovarian cancer who are asymptomatic and who do not have\n             documented previous CA-125 levels may enroll if the CA-125 is greater than three times\n             the ULN on two occasions, at least one week apart\n\n          5. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status (PS) of 0\n\n        Key exclusion criteria:\n\n          1. Symptoms (other than ? grade 1 fatigue, anxiety, depression, or other psychological\n             symptoms) that, in the opinion of the treating oncologist, are a direct result of\n             cancer recurrence. (Examples of symptoms that would preclude enrollment include\n             unintentional weight loss, ? grade 2 fatigue, and new abdominal pain unrelated to\n             operative procedures for the ovarian malignancy.)\n\n          2. Receiving any other investigational agent that would be considered a treatment for the\n             primary neoplasm. Anti-cancer chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, or\n             investigational agents ?14 days of first dose of study drug\n\n          3. Major surgery ?28 days before start of treatment\n\n          4. History of another primary malignancy with an associated disease-free interval of less\n             than 5 years, except for curatively treated basal cell or squamous cell carcinoma of\n             the skin or in situ cancer of the cervix.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have completed at least 1 prior line of chemotherapy for germ cell tumor (except patients who present with primary pure teratoma who need not have received any previous chemotherapy)Xx_NEWLINE_xXMore than three prior lines of chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXLess than three weeks since the last chemotherapy-containing regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients younger than 50 years old, after first induction of chemotherapy, who are able to safely tolerate re-induction therapy with high dose chemotherapy are not eligible for this study (patients who are 50 years old or older or patients younger than 50 who are not able to tolerate an aggressive reinduction chemotherapy, based on the physician assessment, are still be eligible for this study if they fail their first induction)Xx_NEWLINE_xXThe cycles of chemotherapy must be consecutive (i.e. one followed by the other) but do not have to be the first and second cycle of a line of treatment.Xx_NEWLINE_xXFor patients who received prior adjuvant chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy: a treatment-free interval of at least 12 months since last chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy cycleXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior treatment with ? 2 prior chemotherapy-based or immunotherapy-based regimens for iNHLXx_NEWLINE_xXConcomitant medications that include corticosteroids, chemotherapy, or other therapy that is or may be active against MMXx_NEWLINE_xXCompleted 12 to 24 weeks of first- or second-line treatment with trastuzumab in combination with chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXHave received prior chemotherapy in the metastatic castration-resistant setting (prior chemotherapy in the hormone-sensitive setting is allowed provided last dose was at least 6 months prior to study entry)Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects considered eligible for intensive chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy for curative intent is permitted providing the cytotoxic chemotherapy was completed >= 12 months prior to enrollment; patients must have a CT or MRI scan of the brain to evaluate for central nervous system (CNS) disease within 30 days prior to registration; patient must not have brain metastases unless: (1) metastases have been treated and have remained controlled for at least two weeks following treatment, AND (2) patient has no residual neurological dysfunction off corticosteroids for at least 1 day; any radiation therapy completed prior to chemotherapy, except gamma-knife radiosurgery, 1 week prior to chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior treatment with a trastuzumab containing chemotherapy regimen is required.Xx_NEWLINE_xXA) Dose Escalation Stage: Confirmed diagnosis of relapsed or refractory Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) treated with prior treatment for lymphoid malignancy comprising of at least 1 regimen containing a therapeutic anti-CD20 antibody (eg, rituximab, ofatumumab, GA-101) and at least 2 prior combination chemotherapy regimens (or autologous stem cell transplant) , or treated with 1 prior combination chemotherapy regimen in patients without an approved second-line therapy option, requiring treatment in the opinion of the treating physicianXx_NEWLINE_xXExpansion Cohort A: Relapsed or refractory DLBCL treated with prior treatment for lymphoid malignancy comprising of at least 1 regimen containing a therapeutic anti-CD20 antibody (eg, rituximab, ofatumumab, GA-101) and at least 2 prior combination chemotherapy regimens or autologous stem cell transplant, or treated with 1 prior combination chemotherapy regimen in patients without an approved second-line therapy option, requiring treatment in the opinion of the treating physicianXx_NEWLINE_xXExpansion Cohort B: Diagnosis of relapsed or refractory B-cell NHL (other than DLBCL) treated with prior treatment for lymphoid malignancy comprising of at least 1 regimen containing a therapeutic anti-CD20 antibody (eg, rituximab, ofatumumab, GA-101) and at least 2 prior combination chemotherapy regimens or autologous stem cell transplant, or treated with 1 prior combination chemotherapy regimen in patients without an approved second-line therapy option, requiring treatment in the opinion of the treating physicianXx_NEWLINE_xXActive serious infection that at the discretion of treating physician makes patient ineligible for chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXSubject has received more than 5 prior cytotoxic agent-containing regimens.Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubject has not discontinued all previous systemic therapies for cancer including chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or biological therapies for at least 14 days prior to the initiation of ASP4132.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic anticancer therapy: patients will have received no more than 2 prior chemotherapy regimens; the regimen(s) may have included biological, molecularly targeted or immune therapies; patients with primary refractory disease (i.e., those patients with progressive disease on first line chemotherapy) and patients with disease relapse within 90 days of completion of initial chemotherapy (chemotherapy resistant) are excluded; patients with limited stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and systemic relapse who are not felt to be candidates for repeat platinum-based chemotherapy at relapse are eligible for enrollmentXx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy for glioma other than temozolomide or Gliadel wafers (steroids are allowed)Xx_NEWLINE_xXMore than 1 prior cytotoxic chemotherapy regimen for advanced diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXUp to 2 prior chemotherapy regimens for recurrent disease are allowed; adjuvant chemotherapy and maintenance Taxol after completion of six cycles of adjuvant carboplatin-Taxol will not be counted as a “prior chemotherapy regimen” for the purpose of this study; treatment with targeted agents or hormones would not be considered as a systemic chemotherapy regimen; previous treatment with gemcitabine is not allowableXx_NEWLINE_xXParticipant must have recovered from the acute side effects of all prior anti-cancer therapy, and:\r\n* At least 2 weeks have elapsed since prior systemic cytotoxic chemotherapy (except intrathecal chemotherapy, hydroxyurea, low-dose cytarabine, and/or low dose maintenance therapy such as vincristine, mercaptopurine, methotrexate or glucocorticoids), and\r\n* If the participant received a prior allogeneic HSCT, at least 30 days have elapsed and there is no evidence of clinically significant graft versus host disease requiring treatment and/or have > grade 2 persistent non-hematologic toxicity related to a transplantXx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior chemotherapy for current sarcoma, orXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior primary chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients are not allowed to receive prior surgery or chemotherapy for the IHCXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with second malignancies in remission may be eligible if there is clinical evidence of disease stability for a period of greater than 6 months off cytotoxic chemotherapy, documented by imaging, tumor marker studies, etc., at screening. Patients maintained on long-term non-chemotherapy treatment, e.g., hormonal therapy, are eligible.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatient must have been previously treated for B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma with any of the allowable below:\r\n* First-line treatment with rituximab and an anthracycline-based chemotherapy\r\n* Monotherapy rituximab, dosed prior to first-line rituximab combined with anthracycline containing chemotherapy, or as maintenance therapy\r\n* Radiotherapy as part of the first-line treatment plan including anthracycline and rituximabXx_NEWLINE_xXMore than one prior chemotherapy regimen administered in the metastatic setting.Xx_NEWLINE_xXRadiographic progression during treatment with erlotinib; prior chemotherapy regimens are permittedXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must be pemetrexed-naïve; patients may have received any number of prior chemotherapy or molecularly targeted agents; if crizotinib was used in the first (1st) line setting then chemotherapy naive patients are also eligible; if patient received crizotinib in combination with chemotherapy, prior chemotherapy must have been discontinued at least 14 days prior to registration and all adverse events must have resolved to =< grade 1Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatient has had prior cytotoxic chemotherapy for the treatment of metastatic melanoma; however, patients who are randomized to the physician’s choice arm and treated with cytotoxic chemotherapy as part of this study will be allowed to cross over to receive their assigned molecularly guided therapy should disease progression occur and they meet the specific eligibility requirements of the molecularly guided agentXx_NEWLINE_xXExposure to any systemic chemotherapy within 30 days of date of randomization.Xx_NEWLINE_xXRefractory to at least 1 cycle of induction chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients should have received a minimum of one, and up to five prior chemotherapy regimensXx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy treatment within the previous 12 months.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy is allowed if >= one month from the end of treatment; patients must not have received chemotherapy within 4 weeks of the start of study drugXx_NEWLINE_xXHistologically or cytologically confirmed high-grade metastatic sarcoma that has been stable on 6-12 cycles of one chemotherapeutic regimen (cytotoxic or biologic) although a change in chemotherapy is allowed if it is a result of toxicity/tolerability rather than progression; a patient must not have evidence of progression at any time while on chemotherapy in order to be eligible for this trialXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients whose treatment plans include continuing chemotherapy after ablation as per the treating physicianXx_NEWLINE_xXAny number of prior systemic therapeutic regimens including chemotherapy, pathway inhibitors, biochemotherapy, investigational agents, and immunotherapies other than ipilimumab or bavituximabXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with Hodgkin’s lymphoma with one or more of the following: \r\n* Less than complete response to first-line chemotherapy\r\n* Relapse within 12 months of completion of first-line chemotherapy\r\n* Relapse within a prior irradiation field\r\n* Less than complete metabolic response to second-line chemotherapy\r\n* Second relapse or beyond\r\n* Extranodal disease at the time of relapse\r\n* Presence of B symptoms at the time of persistent disease upon completion of first-line chemotherapy, relapse or progressive disease\r\n* Bulky disease (defined as any lesion greater than 5 cm) at the time of persistent disease upon completion of first-line chemotherapy, relapse or progressive diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXMore than two regimens of systemic cytotoxic chemotherapy for recurrent or advanced NSCLCXx_NEWLINE_xXBevacizumab-naïve patients: these patients may not have more than one prior relapse not counting the current relapse being treated by this protocol and must have received at least one prior chemotherapy regimen, which must have included temozolomideXx_NEWLINE_xXBevacizumab-refractory patients: these patients may not have more than 2 prior relapses not counting the current relapse being treated by this protocol and must have received multiple chemotherapy regimens, including a temozolomide regimen and a bevacizumab regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXFor the Phase 1b portion of the study, more than 3 prior chemotherapy regimens and for the Phase 2 portion of the study more than 2 prior chemotherapy regimens. Maintenance therapy following induction chemotherapy does not count as a separate regimen. In addition, hormonal therapy (e.g., tamoxifen or an aromatase inhibitor) does not count as a separate regimen.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatient has received more than one line of cytotoxic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXHas advanced gastrointestinal tumors refractory to at least 1 chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXEvidence of progressive disease during or following 1 or 2 prior chemotherapy regimensXx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy regimens within the last 21 days (or within 6 weeks for prior nitrosourea or mitomycin C). Chemotherapy regimens, biologic, and targeted therapy given continuously or on a weekly basis with limited potential for delayed toxicity within the last 14 days.Xx_NEWLINE_xXUntreated relapse of cHL (with the exception of steroids) as follows:\r\n* HL that relapsed >= 3 months after completion of first-line chemotherapy or combined modality therapy, and has not yet been treated with salvage chemotherapy\r\n* Stage I-II HL that relapsed >= 3 months after first-line chemotherapy, then relapsed after radiation therapy delivered with curative intent, and has not yet been treated with salvage chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXNo primary induction failure, defined as failure to achieve CR with first-line chemotherapy or chemoradiation, disease progression during first-line chemotherapy or chemoradiation, or progression or biopsy-proven disease persistence within 8 weeks of first-line therapy completionXx_NEWLINE_xXAny prior chemotherapy must have been completed >= 2 weeks prior to day 1 of study treatment and the participant must have recovered to eligibility levels from prior toxicity\r\n* Only one prior regimen is allowed for relapsed AML patients; note one prior regimen is defined as follows:\r\n** Induction chemotherapy followed by consolidation is considered one regimen\r\n** Induction chemotherapy followed by re-induction in case of persistent disease followed by consolidation is considered one regimen\r\n* Hydroxyurea is allowed prior to day 1 of study treatment to keep white blood cell (WBC) below 20 KXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who are not appropriate to receive more intensive chemotherapy in the judgment of the investigatorXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior treatment and relapse following chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow or stem cell transplant. Patients who are not transplant eligible or who did not respond to chemotherapy may be considered for the study following a single regimen of chemotherapy such as R-CHOP or R-EPOCH. There is no limit to number of prior therapies allowed.Xx_NEWLINE_xXFor Part 3, subject has received 4 or more prior lines of cytotoxic chemotherapy for systemic disease.Xx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapeutic agents for chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXNo more than one prior chemotherapy regimen for recurrent or metastatic ESCC (for Phase II only).Xx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy =< 21 days before first study treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient must not have received definitive treatment for AML, defined as any prior chemotherapy with antileukemic activityXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients may not have received any cytotoxic chemotherapy for treatment in the metastatic settingXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have progressed on or been intolerant to a fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy regimen; there is no limit on the number of prior treatment regimens permittedXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects must not have had more than 1 previous treatment regimen with chemotherapy, interferon, or IL-2 for metastatic melanomaXx_NEWLINE_xXReceipt of 2 or more prior cytotoxic chemotherapy regimens for advanced, recurrent, or metastatic endometrial cancer.Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubject must have had at least one prior cytotoxic chemotherapy regimen for unresectable or metastatic disease. Prior taxane therapy is allowed.Xx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent anti-cancer cytotoxic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXMay have previously received chemotherapy with MEC for MDS or AMLXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient must have documented progressive disease within 3 months of his/her most recent cycle of chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXIf a transplant is used as consolidation following chemotherapy, without intervening disease progression, it will be considered 1 line of treatment with the preceding chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXSubject previously treated with chemotherapy must have no more than two prior chemotherapy regimens for the treatment of metastatic prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXAny number of prior chemotherapy regimens for recurrent disease (Phase I); =< 1 chemotherapy or other non-antiangiogenic regimen for recurrent disease (Phase II)Xx_NEWLINE_xXThe patient received any induction chemotherapy regimen and may have received post-remission consolidation therapy prior to screening.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior radiation or chemotherapy exposure inclusive of low dose chemotherapy such as methotrexate for autoimmune conditions.Xx_NEWLINE_xXUse of cytotoxic chemotherapy within 21 days of registrationXx_NEWLINE_xXCohort A: Eligible for chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients previously treated with systemic chemotherapy will be eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy is acceptable if last dose given >= 3 weeks prior to registration to this study; (Note: no chemotherapy to be given after resection of liver lesions prior to treatment on this study)Xx_NEWLINE_xXAny prior anti-cancer treatment such as chemotherapy, immunomodulatory drug therapy, etc., received within 21 days prior to start of CA-4948Xx_NEWLINE_xXNo plans for additional post-remission chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior cell transfer therapy which included a myeloablative chemotherapy regimen (i.e. 1200 total body irradiation [TBI] or 200 TBI plus chemotherapy)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients may have had prior chemotherapy or immunotherapy (vaccines, interferon, ipilimumab, or IL-2) with progression or persistent diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior treatment with greater than (>) one cytotoxic chemotherapy regimens or experienced recurrent or progressive disease on > two endocrine therapies for MBCXx_NEWLINE_xXHave received or refused at least one chemotherapy regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects with recurrent ovarian, fallopian tube or peritoneal cancer who have clinical or radiologic evidence of a complete or partial response or stable disease after completion of first-line chemotherapy for their recurrent disease and are not suitable for additional cytotoxic therapy are eligible. These subjects may have previously received a course of adjuvant chemotherapy earlier in their disease management as described in point one above. These subjects are eligible regardless of their CA-125 results. These subjects may have been in a clinical trial of an investigational therapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects who have received more than one course of chemotherapy for recurrent diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior cytotoxic chemotherapy for metastatic prostate cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent chemotherapy (no chemotherapy starting 14 days before start of radiation)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients cannot have had a second line salvage treatment (chemotherapy, biologic agents, investigational drugs, or radiation) or have had an autologous or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; patients can have had mixed frontline therapy such as 2-4 cycles of ABVD (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine and dacarbazine) followed by 2-4 cycles of bleomycin, etoposide, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone (BEACOPP) as long as the induction chemotherapy is not more than 8 cycles in total lengthXx_NEWLINE_xXRadiation use as part of induction regimen or consolidation (within 90 days after completion of induction chemotherapy) is allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXTreated in any order with at least: an anthracycline and ifosfamide containing regimen, or an anthracycline containing regimen and 1 additional cytotoxic chemotherapy regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXFor patients in the dose-expansion cohort of the study, not more than two prior lines of cytotoxic chemotherapy in the metastatic settingXx_NEWLINE_xXDose expansion cohort (B): no prior chemotherapy is allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with locally advanced or metastatic disease, any solid tumor except hepatocellular carcinoma, who have been previously treated with systemic chemotherapy (chemotherapy administered through the blood) and who have had relapsed or had progressive disease following standard of care treatment with chemotherapy prior to enrollment, or intolerant to prior standard of care treatment with chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic therapy (including chemotherapy, biological or hormonal therapy) will be permitted for palliative treatment of metastatic or unresectable relapsed disease; additionally, previous chemotherapy delivered with curative-intent (i.e., chemoradiotherapy or adjuvant [postoperative] chemotherapy at a time disease was considered potentially curable) will be permitted; prior taxane (including paclitaxel or docetaxel) and/or platinum exposure will be permitted; however, patients must not have experienced disease progression within 3 months of platinum-based therapy; at least 4 weeks must have elapsed since prior chemotherapy or radiation therapy, 6 weeks if the last regimen included carmustine (BCNU) or mitomycin C; toxicities from prior anticancer therapy must have recovered to =< grade 1Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with recurrent or progressive advanced stage NSCLC (no small cell lung cancer [SCLC] component) who have been treated with at least one and a maximum of two prior chemotherapy regimens for advanced NSCLC; chemotherapy as part of initial potentially curative therapy (given as part of adjuvant or concomitant chemoradiotherapy) that was completed < 1 year counts as 1 prior regimen; prior erlotinib, other EGFR tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKIs) or monoclonal antibodies targeting EGFR are not allowed; NOTE: Chemotherapy as part of initial potentially curative therapy (given as part of adjuvant or concomitant chemoradiotherapy) that was completed one or more years prior to screening for this study does not count as a prior regimen; if the tumor is refractory (progressed) after a prior chemotherapy regimen, then that regimen would count; if a prior chemotherapy regimen has been changed due to other reasons than disease progression (e.g. poor tolerance, allergic reaction), then it would not count as a separate prior regimen; a chemotherapy drug added for “maintenance” following disease stabilization or response to a chemotherapy regimen (in the absence of prior disease progression) does not count as a separate prior regimen; NOTE: Pathology reports documenting the diagnosis of NSCLC are required to be reviewed by the screening physician investigatorXx_NEWLINE_xXMore than one prior chemotherapy regimensXx_NEWLINE_xXPart C: Prior exposure to BRAF or MEK inhibitors. Prior anti-cancer therapy in the metastatic setting, with the exception of up to one regimen of chemotherapy and/or interleukin-2 (IL-2).Xx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy regimens with delayed toxicity within the last 4 weeks. Chemotherapy regimens given continuously or on a weekly basis with limited potential for delayed toxicity within the last 2 weeks.Xx_NEWLINE_xXFor patients < 60 years old: at least two induction chemotherapy treatments.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients may not have received more than 2 prior cytotoxic regimensXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy within the last 4 weeksXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior cytotoxic chemotherapy or biologic therapy for CRPCXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with relapsed or refractory systemic ALCL who have previously received front line chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have had at least one prior chemotherapy regimen that included temozolomide and no more than one prior salvage chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer is not allowed.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior treatment with more than one line of cytotoxic chemotherapy; prior treatment with one line of cytotoxic chemotherapy is permitted; prior treatment with targeted therapy (such as ipilimumab, anti-programmed cell death 1 [PD1] and BRAF inhibitor) is permittedXx_NEWLINE_xXMay not receive chemotherapy until valacyclovir completedXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with documented disease progression on salvage chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy for transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder; subjects who have received prior intravesical chemotherapy are allowed if completed 28 days prior to cycle 1 dayXx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious chemotherapy, and/or biological therapy for cancer are permitted provided that the acoustic properties of the tumor were not affected, but the subject should have recovered from the effects of these or of any prior surgery; chemotherapy can be within 70 days of operationXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy must be completed > 2 weeks of radioembolizationXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who show progressive disease or are not tolerating the current chemotherapy regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy for cholangiocarcinoma or gallbladder carcinoma; NOTE: adjuvant chemotherapy is allowed if completed > 6 months prior to the start of registrationXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients may have received prior chemotherapy for advanced disease including either capecitabine or temozolomide single agent as long as it did not include combination of capecitabine and temozolomideXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy with combination of capecitabine (or 5-flourouracil [5-FU]) “and” temozolomide (or dacarbazine [DTIC]) will be excluded; patients can have had prior therapies up to 3 prior chemotherapy regimens such as streptozocin, anthracyclines, irinotecan, etoposide, or a platinum agent including single agent capecitabine (or 5FU) or temozolomide (or DTIC).Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic anticancer therapy: Patients will have received at least 1 platinum-based chemotherapy regimen, but no more than 2 cytotoxic chemotherapy regimens in the setting of recurrent or metastatic disease; the regimen(s) may have included biological, molecularly targeted or immune therapies; adjuvant chemotherapy is considered 1 cytotoxic chemotherapy regimen if the last administration occurred < 1 year prior to entryXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients may have received one prior chemotherapy regimen for recurrence or progression; cisplatinum with concurrent radiation does not count as a prior chemotherapy; prior treatment with bevacizumab is allowableXx_NEWLINE_xXAt least 21 days from last cytotoxic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXBe scheduled to receive a single-day chemotherapy regimen that contains doxorubicin and/or cyclophosphamide and/or carboplatin; Herceptin (trastuzumab) and other chemotherapy agents will be allowed with any of these regimensXx_NEWLINE_xXAt the time of enrollment, patient must have completed at least 24 weeks of maintenance chemotherapy, and is scheduled to receive at least 24 more weeks of maintenance chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPlan to start a new cancer treatment regimen within 4 weeks from time of baseline registration; the treatment regimen is up to the discretion of the treating oncology physician; the regimen must include a chemotherapy drug or other agents that have similar prevalence of toxicity; patients who will receive monoclonal antibody therapy or other cancer therapies (e.g., tyrosine kinase inhibitors) are eligible if the other agents present a prevalence of toxicity similar to chemotherapy; these therapies can be used in combination with chemotherapy, as a single agent, or in combination with each other\r\n* Chemotherapy will be defined as cytotoxic drugs; in addition, agents (e.g., monoclonal antibodies and targeted agents) that have a prevalence of grade 3-5 toxicity in older patients similar to chemotherapy (> 50%) will be allowed; a list of allowable agents (single and in combination) meeting this toxicity criteria will be available on the University of Rochester Cancer Center (URCC) NCORP Research Base website as part of the study materials; given the rapidly changing landscape of new drugs for cancer, the study team led by the principal investigator (PI) will update the list accordingly after reviewing the toxicity profile of new therapies; if the potentially eligible participant is to receive an approved drug or regimen not on the list, contacting the URCC NCORP Research Base study team is required for approval prior to participant enrollment\r\n* Patients who are receiving approved cancer treatment in combination with radiation are eligible\r\n* A patient may also be enrolled on a treatment trial and participate in this study, if all other inclusion and exclusion criteria are metXx_NEWLINE_xXScheduled to start a new chemotherapy regimen (any line, combination cytotoxic chemotherapy with targeted agents are allowed)Xx_NEWLINE_xXTreatment with cytotoxic chemotherapy within 4 weeks prior to registrationXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent chemotherapy; patients may be on other non-chemotherapy anti-cancer treatments, per Food and Drug Association (FDA) labeling of radium-223, provided that these are not changed during the primary pain assessment periodXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients on ongoing chemotherapy regimen at the time of eligibility:Xx_NEWLINE_xXwith same chemotherapy regime (as documented from patient medical dossier), AndXx_NEWLINE_xXdo NOT plan to initiate a new chemotherapy for pain palliation should be eligible for the study. Note: Planned multiple courses of chemotherapy are not considered New Chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients initiating a new chemotherapy regime for pain purposes only, or radiation (for the targeted most painful lesion) within the last 2 weeks Note: Planned multiple courses of chemotherapy are not considered New Chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHave completed neurotoxic chemotherapy at least 3 months prior to enrollmentXx_NEWLINE_xXHave received cancer treatment that includes chemotherapy for at least 2 monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXReceiving chemotherapy (CTX) for breast, colon, rectal, small intestine, or ovarian cancer on a 7, 14, or 21 day schedule with the chemotherapy dose given on day 1Xx_NEWLINE_xXClinical indication for additional doses of the chemotherapy as determined by the patient’s oncologistXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients stable enough to undergo chemotherapy as determined by the patient’s oncologistXx_NEWLINE_xXCOHORT C SPECIFIC INCLUSION: Histologically confirmed PCNSL that has recurred after prior methotrexate-based chemotherapy or for whom methotrexate-based chemotherapy is deemed medically not in the patient's best interestXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who are candidates for treatment with standard chemotherapy agents (there is no limit to the number of lines of chemotherapy);Xx_NEWLINE_xXPhase II: Participants must have a diagnosis of AML and must have disease that has relapsed or is refractory to chemotherapy, or that has relapsed after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT)\r\n* Refractory disease is defined as persistent disease after at least two courses of induction chemotherapy\r\n* Patients are eligible at first or subsequent relapse or any relapse that is refractory to salvage chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXParticipants are allowed to have received up to 2 prior lines of chemotherapy in the metastatic setting; if a prior chemotherapy was given for less than 1 cycle, it will not be counted as a prior line; the last dose of chemotherapy must be =< 14 days prior to initiation of study therapy; participants should be adequately recovered from acute toxicities of prior treatment; no prior treatment with eribulin mesylate is allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXSubject has received or plans to receive the following therapy/treatment within the following periods prior to leukapheresis or lymphodepleting chemotherapy:Xx_NEWLINE_xXCytotoxic chemotherapy within 4 weeks.Xx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXHave received more than 2 prior therapies for ED-SCLC (including immunotherapy, targeted therapies, or chemotherapy)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients may have received any of the following therapies: surgery, chemotherapy, hormones, biologics, or radiationXx_NEWLINE_xXAbout to begin either oral or cytotoxic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXReceived previous chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXScheduled for oxaliplatin treatment in modified leucovorin calcium, fluorouracil and oxaliplatin regimen (mFOLFOX)6-based chemotherapy regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXTreated with chemotherapy within the past 12 monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXSubject has received chemotherapy within the past 2 weeksXx_NEWLINE_xXActive treatment with chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXAnticipated 2 or more subsequent chemotherapy infusions of either carboplatin or oxaliplatin at the time of study registration; NOTE: the dose of carboplatin or oxaliplatin, choice of other chemotherapy, and other ancillary treatment, such as antiemetics, will be left to the discretion of the treating healthcare providerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received or will receive medication that could affect their hematologic state (tyrosine kinase inhibitors, cytotoxic chemotherapy)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients undergoing AML induction chemotherapy with an anthracycline + cytarabine-based chemotherapy regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXThe expected hospitalization is at least 3 days to receive moderate to high intensity chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXReceived neoadjuvant chemotherapy, any autoimmune or immunological disease or taking any immune suppression drugsXx_NEWLINE_xXHas not yet begun chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy has already commenced or been completedXx_NEWLINE_xXEligible patients must not be currently undergoing standard cytotoxic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXIndividuals who are actively undergoing standard cytotoxic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPlanning to receive first-line chemotherapy at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy is allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXEXCLUSION - STUDY 1: Pre-existing neuropathy including CIPN from prior neurotoxic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXSubject with neoadjuvant chemotherapy or chemoradiationXx_NEWLINE_xXScheduled to start a new treatment regimen for MBC, but no more than 3 previous chemotherapy regimensXx_NEWLINE_xXNo more than 3 prior chemotherapy regimensXx_NEWLINE_xXUnresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma, receiving either 1) no chemotherapy 2) 1st cycle of chemotherapy or 3) greater than 1 cycle of chemotherapy if the patient’s prognosis is greater than 6 months as determined by oncology collaboratorsXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients are eligible regardless of concurrent enrollment on protocol 13-492 (Predictors of Chemotherapy Toxicity in Older Adults)Xx_NEWLINE_xXNeuropathic symptoms must be related to chemotherapy (in the opinion of the treating physician)Xx_NEWLINE_xXOff active chemotherapy treatment for minimum of 6 monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXScheduled to receive first-line intravenous chemotherapy treatment for colorectal cancer (stages II-IV)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with prior radiation therapy to the head and neck region or prior chemotherapy for head and neck cancer (induction chemotherapy not excluded)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPlanned to initiate a new systemic chemotherapy regimen (including patients starting on first chemotherapy or patients previously treated but starting on a new regimen)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with previously diagnosed peripheral neuropathy pre-dating their neurotoxic chemotherapy administration or from causes other than chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXRadiation therapy, cytotoxic chemotherapy, and combined modality (both radiation and chemotherapy) used to treat other cancers or medical conditions and administered within 6 months prior to study enrollment; use of hydroxyurea or emergent leukapheresis (for cytoreduction of highly elevated white blood cell counts) is permissible; those AML patients who initially receive treatment with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) for presumptive diagnosis of APL but if APL is ruled out in final pathology will be eligible for the studyXx_NEWLINE_xX1 month – 5 years following completion of cytotoxic chemotherapy treatment for any cancer, and are experiencing neuropathyXx_NEWLINE_xXParticipant is undergoing chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXUnable to receive R-CHOP chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXExperimental anti-CMV chemotherapy in the last 6 monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXNeuropathic symptoms must be related to chemotherapy (in the opinion of the treating physician).Xx_NEWLINE_xXOff active chemotherapy treatment for minimum of 6 months.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHave had a diagnosis of cancer treated with chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXTreated with chemotherapy and surgeryXx_NEWLINE_xXPATIENTS: Treatment plans to include weekly outpatient chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPATIENTS: Have completed surgery with no plans for chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPATIENTS: Completed more than half of prescribed chemotherapy treatmentsXx_NEWLINE_xXDiagnosed with incurable cancer (defined as receiving treatment with palliative intent as per chemotherapy order entry designation, trial consent forms, or not receiving chemotherapy but followed for incurable disease as per oncology clinic notes)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPHASE I AIM 3.2: Receiving surgery and/or chemotherapy treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXExperimental anti-CMV chemotherapy in the last 6 monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have or have not undergone chemotherapy are both eligible; if the patient has undergone chemotherapy she must have completed adjuvant chemotherapy for >= 3 months and =< 5 years prior to study enrollmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with at least one more chemotherapy appointment at the time of enrollmentXx_NEWLINE_xXExperimental anti-CMV chemotherapy in the last 6 monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects who have had previous chemotherapy exposureXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have completed all of their prescribed chemotherapy at least one week prior to study entry; the plan for PCI should be such that PCI begins no more than 240 days from the start of induction chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXRecent administration (less than 1 week) of highly emetogenic chemotherapy (Hesketh scale class 4-5); subjects may otherwise be undergoing chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXBe scheduled to receive chemotherapy on one of the five schedulesXx_NEWLINE_xXHave not received chemotherapy in the past 2 monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior induction chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPlanned cytotoxic chemotherapy during the WBRT only; patients may have had prior chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXIndividuals who have already started chemotherapy for breast cancer or who have previously had systemic chemotherapy for a malignancyXx_NEWLINE_xXPain or symptoms of CIPN of >= 3 months duration, for which the patient wants intervention\r\n* Note: neurotoxic chemotherapy must have been completed >= 3 months prior to registration and there must be no further planned neurotoxic chemotherapy for > 5 months after registrationXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients will receive repeated cycles of identical chemotherapy that will likely result in grades III-IV hematological toxicity; patients will be treated outside of Children’s Oncology Group (COG) protocols with specific requirements for schedule of G-CSF administration; the following categories of patients treated at Children’s Hospital of Michigan are eligible for this study:\r\n* Patients with brain tumors treated according to modified Head Start II protocol with vincristine, etoposide, cyclophosphamide, and cisplatin (OPEC) chemotherapy;\r\n* Patients with recurrent Hodgkin lymphoma treated with ICE (ifosfamide, carboplatin, etoposide) chemotherapy;\r\n* Patients with recurrent solid tumors including sarcomas, Wilms’ tumor, neuroblastomas, or brain tumors treated with high dose ICE or ICT (ifosfamide, carboplatin, topotecan) chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXWomen who have completed more than two rounds of chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXReceiving weekly chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior exposure to neurotoxic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXScheduled for neoadjuvant chemotherapy and/or chemoradiation for pancreatic cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXReceived a therapeutic intervention with at least one of the following modalities: surgery, cytotoxic chemotherapy, biological or targeted agents, radiation therapy (any modality)Xx_NEWLINE_xXRandomized cohort only:\r\n* No prior chemotherapy within 12 months of start date of study\r\n* No planned chemotherapy at least 12 months from study entryXx_NEWLINE_xXNon-randomized pilot cohort:\r\n* Concurrent chemotherapy (initiated within 3 months of study entry) or planned chemotherapy within 3 months of study entryXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects must be deemed ineligible for cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy by the attending medical oncologist.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrior systemic chemotherapy for transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Any other prior systemic chemotherapy for a non-urothelial carcinoma must have been completed > 5 years prior to initiation of study.Xx_NEWLINE_xXHave received prior chemotherapy in the metastatic castration-resistant setting (prior chemotherapy in the hormone-sensitive setting is allowed provided last dose was at least 6 months prior to study entry)Xx_NEWLINE_xXParticipant is receiving standard \7+3\ induction chemotherapy regimen as specified in the protocol;Xx_NEWLINE_xXProphylactic intrathecal chemotherapy;Xx_NEWLINE_xXAre unwilling to receive intensive (e.g. 7+3) chemotherapy, orXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients ?60 years unfit to receive intensive (e.g., 7+3) chemotherapy who have:Xx_NEWLINE_xXHave had prior chemotherapy for metastatic disease in castration-resistant prostate cancer (prior chemotherapy for hormone-sensitive disease, more than twelve months prior to registration, is acceptable)Xx_NEWLINE_xXHave received prior chemotherapy regimens within 4 weeks of Day 1;Xx_NEWLINE_xXCurrent systemic chemotherapy or radiation therapy that potentially causes bone marrow suppression that would preclude safe treatment of HSIL; Note: Kaposi’s sarcoma limited to the skin is not exclusionary unless requiring systemic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy induced menopause with last menses >1 year agoXx_NEWLINE_xXTreatment with cytotoxic chemotherapy within the preceding four weeksXx_NEWLINE_xXAllergic to selinexor or any of the chemotherapy intended to receiveXx_NEWLINE_xXRelapsed after or are refractory to at least one prior line of chemotherapy which have not included a taxane (with the exception of Cohort 3 of the Lead-In Phase which will allow the enrollment of subjects with prior treatment with a taxane)Xx_NEWLINE_xXIndividuals who are enrolled on oral chemotherapy clinical trials will also be excludedXx_NEWLINE_xXReceipt of induction chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXRecommended to undergo IMRT or PBT of the pelvis with concurrent chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with active non-hematologic cancer:\r\n* The patients have previously received a chemotherapy regimen including one or more of the following agents:\r\n** Nucleoside analogue, including gemcitabine and fluorouracil\r\n** Carboplatin or cisplatin\r\n** Anthracycline\r\n** Alkylating agent\r\n** Other chemotherapy agents with thrombocytopenia as known common toxicityXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have not had any cytotoxic chemotherapy within 14 days of beginning the studyXx_NEWLINE_xXReceiving outpatient chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXExpected to receive at least 1 additional cycle of chemotherapy after the recruitment visit (i.e., day of randomization); participants will be retained on study if treatment regimens change during the study period (e.g., change in chemotherapy drugs or doses prescribed)Xx_NEWLINE_xXThere are no restrictions on the amount or types of prior therapy; eligible patients must be receiving ongoing chemotherapy that is planned to continue for at least one month following enrollment in this trial; any dose or schedule of chemotherapy administration is allowed as long as patients have self-reported taste disturbance that has either: 1) developed since the initiation of chemotherapy, or 2) a pre-existing, treatment-induced taste disturbance has subjectively worsened since initiating chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients participating in a meditation practice more often than 1 hour per week prior to surgery and/or chemotherapy administrationXx_NEWLINE_xXCurrently on or expected to start cytotoxic chemotherapy within 1 week of study enrollmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient must not have received chemotherapy within 3 weeks of initiation of PCIXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients may have previously received other chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior trastuzumab or anthracyclines prior to this chemotherapy regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXExpected to receive at least 2 additional cycles (at least 6 total weeks) of first line myelosuppressive cyclic chemotherapy after randomization. Subjects should not be expected to receive only maintenance chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXchemotherapy or radiotherapynaïveXx_NEWLINE_xXAt least one prior line of chemotherapy in the metastatic settingXx_NEWLINE_xXBe receiving chemotherapy in either weekly, 2-week or 3-week cycles and have at least 6 weeks of chemotherapy treatment remaining; patients are eligible any time before chemotherapy cycle 3 if on a 2- or 3-week cycle, or cycle 4 if on a 1-week cycle; (Note: use of biologics [e.g., Herceptin (trastuzumab)] is permitted)\r\n* For patients on a weekly regimen, there should be at least 3 dosages of chemotherapy remaining\r\n* For patients on either a 2 week or 3 week cycle, there should be at least 2 dosages of chemotherapy remaining\r\n* Patients will not be dropped from the study if their chemotherapy is discontinued after they are enrolledXx_NEWLINE_xXTreated with any established chemotherapy regimen based on either:Xx_NEWLINE_xXPrevious chemotherapy for AMLXx_NEWLINE_xXActively undergoing any chemotherapy treatment at Maroone Cancer CenterXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients not actively undergoing chemotherapy at Maroone Cancer CenterXx_NEWLINE_xXScheduled to receive 14-day cycles of intravenous chemotherapy (e.g. doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide)Xx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects may have had chemotherapy prior to radiation; a minimum of two weeks is required between end of chemotherapy and start of RTXx_NEWLINE_xXAnticipate receiving chemotherapy for at least 12 weeks total from the time of recruitment (ongoing chemotherapy not required for focus group participants)Xx_NEWLINE_xXAnticipated initiation of cetuximab treatment with or without additional chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent chemotherapy (biologic agents are allowed)Xx_NEWLINE_xXMust have received at least one taxane or platinum based chemotherapy drug within two years prior to enrollment; must exhibit a typical symptom of CIPN that was not present prior to chemotherapy; symptoms include numbness, tingling, thermal hyperalgesia, cold allodynia in the hands and/or feet, muscle weakness or unsteady gait in at least two of the last seven days prior to registrationXx_NEWLINE_xXBe chemotherapy naïve and about to begin her first course of chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXBe scheduled to receive one of the following four common chemotherapy regimens with the specified antiemetic regimen. They are:Xx_NEWLINE_xXMyelodysplastic syndromes requiring induction (myelosuppressive) chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects who are undergoing re-induction chemotherapy and have participated in this study during their first induction chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXNo prior chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXParticipants who have received cytotoxic chemotherapy within 1 year prior to screening breast MRIXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have completed all primary chemotherapy and consolidation therapy (if administered) at least 6 weeks, and no more than 6 months and 2 weeks, prior to enrollment and must be in complete remission; consolidation therapy is defined as any chemotherapy or biological therapy used for a patient who has completed at least four courses of primary chemotherapy and had documented complete remission prior to initiation of such chemotherapy (chemo) or biological therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient must have completed curative chemotherapy within past 90 days at a Childrens Oncology Group (COG) institutionXx_NEWLINE_xXScheduled to receive chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXReceiving or scheduled to receive first or second line chemotherapy (within 4 weeks)Xx_NEWLINE_xXScheduled to receive anthracycline-based chemotherapy therapyXx_NEWLINE_xXScheduled to receive chemotherapy with an Anthracycline (doxorubicin or epirubicin)Xx_NEWLINE_xXRECIPIENT: Experimental anti?CMV chemotherapy in the last 6 monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXMultiple myeloma – must have received prior chemotherapy; consolidation of chemotherapy by autografting prior to nonmyeloablative HCT is permittedXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients eligible for and willing to receive potentially curative high-dose chemotherapy and autologous HCTXx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy =< 6 months prior to randomization (Note: topical chemotherapy will be assessed on a case-by-case basis)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients that are receiving or have received chemotherapy regimens are allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXUse of tamoxifen, raloxifene, or chemotherapy within the previous 6 monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients not eligible for chemotherapy with taxane and/or anthracycline based chemotherapy regimensXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with immediately life-threatening visceral disease for whom chemotherapy is preferred treatment option.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer, other than up to 4 cycles of mFOLFIRINOX as noted aboveXx_NEWLINE_xXSubjects must have received cytotoxic chemotherapy within 3 months of consent date (measured from the start date of chemotherapy).Xx_NEWLINE_xXPathologic complete response following preoperative chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy is allowed; patients must not have received chemotherapy for 3 weeks prior to the initiation of study treatment and must have full recovery from any acute effects of any prior chemotherapy; patients must not have had nitrosoureas or mitomycin C for 6 weeks prior to the initiation of study treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXReceiving chemotherapy during study periodXx_NEWLINE_xXDisease Status: Refractory or first or multiple relapsed neuroblastoma, or medulloblastoma that has relapsed after, or is refractory to, a chemotherapy-containing treatment regimen.Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients with small cell carcinoma must have progressed after at least one prior systemic therapy; patients with squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma may be previously untreated or have progressed after prior systemic therapy; chemotherapy administered in conjunction with primary radiation as a radio-sensitizer WILL be counted as a systemic chemotherapy regimen; NOTE: There is no maximum number of prior treatments allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXTwo or more prior chemotherapy regimens for advanced diseaseXx_NEWLINE_xXLow dose chemotherapy given after leukapheresis to maintain disease control must be stopped ? 7 days prior to lymphodepleting chemotherapy.Xx_NEWLINE_xXNot currently undergoing or planning to initiate chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXSubject is scheduled to receive a chemotherapy regimen that includes a cumulative cisplatin dose of ? 200 mg/m2.Xx_NEWLINE_xXIs receiving chemotherapeutic agent(s) associated with moderate or high risk of emetogenicity, or a chemotherapy regimen not previously tolerated due to vomitingXx_NEWLINE_xXHas vomited in the 24 hours prior to chemotherapy initiation on Treatment Day 1Xx_NEWLINE_xXHas started on systemic corticosteroid therapy within 72 hours prior to study drug administration or is expected to receive a corticosteroid as part of the chemotherapy regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXBetween 1-5 years post completion of chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who elect to shave the scalp hair prior to the initiation of chemotherapy or who plan to do so during the chemotherapy treatment.Xx_NEWLINE_xXInduction chemotherapy regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient must have completed a minimum of 8 weeks of standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy consisting of an anthracycline and/or taxane-based regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy or recently completed neoadjuvant chemotherapy and will undergo surgery within 6 weeks are eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXNo patients with multicentric or multifocal disease scheduled to undergo multiple lumpectomies; multifocal disease that can be encompassed in a single operative bed can be enrolled; for patients with multifocal or multicentric disease enrolled after completion of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, histologic confirmation of multifocality/multicentricity must have been completed before initiation of chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient must NOT have a history of > 1 line of administered chemotherapy for metastatic disease and must be off chemotherapy for a minimum of 2 weeks; prior chemotherapy in the adjuvant setting is allowedXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have previously untreated AML and be candidates for intensive induction chemotherapy; patients are allowed to have had prior hydroxyureaXx_NEWLINE_xXAny prior chemotherapy is allowed including prior treatment with platinum-containing chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPlanning to undergo radical cystectomy or chemotherapy-radiation for Urothelial Cell CarcinomaXx_NEWLINE_xXReceived chemotherapy for treatment of childhood cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXScheduled to have high-dose chemotherapy and ASCTXx_NEWLINE_xXNeed to be treated with taxane containing chemotherapy as determined by their treating physicianXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior exposure to neurotoxic chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXUse of bleomycin (chemotherapy agent)Xx_NEWLINE_xXPatients currently on chemotherapy or with other primary cancers requiring systemic or hepatic loco-regional treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients planning to receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy/endocrine therapy after the clinical breast MRI and before the research breast PET/MRI examination, those currently undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy/endocrine therapy, or those who have received chemotherapy/endocrine therapy within 6 months prior to the MRIXx_NEWLINE_xXWomen undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXSelf-reported or documented history of pre-existing peripheral neuropathy prior to initiation of taxane chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received targeted agents or systemic potentially radiosensitizing chemotherapy within 2 weeks of lung SBRT startXx_NEWLINE_xXLocoregional treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma within the prior 3 months or chemotherapy within the previous 3 monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior or chemotherapy or endocrine therapy is permittedXx_NEWLINE_xXRelapsed from or refractory to at least one treatment containing rituximab combined with anthracycline-based chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient to be treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy or patient to be treated with definitive radiation therapy (RT), sequential chemotherapy (chemo)-RT, or concurrent chemo-RT (minimum dose of 50 Gy in 25 fractions)Xx_NEWLINE_xXParticipants must be willing to have research biopsies at baseline and after 2 cycles of preoperative chemotherapy, and possibly at the completion of preoperative chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatient has received chemotherapy for any type of cancer within 90 days from date of screening CDU;Xx_NEWLINE_xXNo concurrent chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXAndrogen deprivation therapy or chemotherapy prior to PET imagingXx_NEWLINE_xXBe scheduled for neoadjuvant chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXGroup I: Treatment plan to include or have included chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXGroup II: Treatment plan does not and has not included chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXNo obvious contraindications for primary chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXConcurrent treatment with chemotherapy, molecule-selective, biological, or radiotherapeutic agentXx_NEWLINE_xXWomen scheduled to receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy as part of their treatment planXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must not have history of chemotherapy for cancer within 6 months prior to registrationXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received prior chemotherapy for any abdominal or pelvic tumor are excluded; patients who have received neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to their initial debulking are excluded; patients may have received prior adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have relapsed/refractory disease, with at least one line of prior chemotherapy, but =< 2 prior lines of treatment, for Hodgkin lymphoma; NOTE: patients must not have had prior immune checkpoint inhibitors; however, there are no other limitations to prior agent or regimen typesXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients must have received less than three prior chemotherapy regimens for progressive meningiomaXx_NEWLINE_xXKnown sensitivity to any of the study medication components or the chemotherapy regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXHad or plan to receive any chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients currently on chemotherapy or with other primary cancers requiring systemic treatmentXx_NEWLINE_xXCancer survivors who have previous exposure to medications or chemotherapy that cause neuropathy are excluded from this studyXx_NEWLINE_xXReceiving neoadjuvant chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXNo recent chemotherapy or surgery, as defined as in the last 6 monthsXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients that receive chemotherapy (induction or sequential)Xx_NEWLINE_xXNeoadjuvant chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXCandidate for neoadjuvant chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXReceived prior chemotherapy for colorectal cancerXx_NEWLINE_xXPatients who have received systemic chemotherapy for prostate cancer will not be eligibleXx_NEWLINE_xXFor study arm 2, patients that are currently undergoing chemotherapy for recurrence; maintenance chemotherapy is not considered an exclusion criteria; additionally, as noted above if a patient has not yet begun chemotherapy for recurrence or adjuvant chemotherapy for initial diagnosis they are still a candidate to be enrolled on this study arm; patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy are not eligible for the study under the current protocol at this timeXx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy in the last four weeksXx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy: ?14 days from any myelosuppressive chemotherapy and abs neutrophil ct ?1000/mm3 , 42 days if prior nitrosureaXx_NEWLINE_xXTreated with at least one other chemotherapy that did not work or where cancer relapsedXx_NEWLINE_xXhospitalized for consolidation chemotherapy within 1 day (+/- 2 days)Xx_NEWLINE_xXChemotherapy-refractory disease, defined as one or more of the following:Xx_NEWLINE_xXStable disease (duration of stable disease must be less than or equal to 6 months) or progressive disease as best response to most recent chemotherapy containing regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXan anthracycline containing chemotherapy regimenXx_NEWLINE_xXPrior chemotherapy for AMLXx_NEWLINE_xXPart A: must be chemotherapy naïve for metastatic NSCLCXx_NEWLINE_xXPart C: must have previously received prior treatment with at least 1 but no more than 2 chemotherapy regimens in the metastatic settingXx_NEWLINE_xXThe interval between the last surgery for breast cancer (including re-excision of margins) and randomization must be no more than 180 days if chemotherapy is not delivered adjuvantly; if adjuvant chemotherapy was administered, the interval between the last chemotherapy treatment and randomization must be no more than 180 daysXx_NEWLINE_xXHas received prior therapy with any taxane chemotherapyXx_NEWLINE_xXHistologically proven trophoblastic neoplasia, or clinically demonstrated trophoblastic neoplasia that has progressed following treatment with at least one chemotherapy regimen that included 2 or more chemotherapy agents.Xx_NEWLINE_xX