United States (US) and Canadian sites:* This review is mandatory prior to registration to confirm eligibility; patients must be willing to submit tissue samples for mandatory central pathology review submission; it should be initiated as soon after surgery as possible
For patients with stage I or II disease, specimens for rapid central review have been submitted and the rapid central review diagnosis and staging must be available to be provided on the AHEP0731 eligibility case report form (CRF)
Patients with stage I or II disease who do not have specimens submitted for rapid central pathology review by day 14 after initial surgical resection
Patients managed with a total pancreatectomy, a distal pancreatectomy, or central pancreatectomy
Adequate sections or a paraffin block from the original diagnostic specimen must be submitted for review by the lymphoma pathology group
Patients undergoing allogeneic transplant must have, or be scheduled to have, an external tunneled central venous catheter (CVC) (Broviacs, Hickmans, tunneled percutaneously inserted central catheter [PICCs], etc.) and/or non-tunneled percutaneously inserted central catheter (PICC) that is expected to remain in place for an additional >= 3 months
Sufficient tissue available for central pathology review and MGMT methylation status evaluation
Tumor MGMT promoter hypermethylation determined by central testing at MD Anderson
Confirmation by central pathology review of WHO grade IV glioblastoma or gliosarcoma
Patients must have 10 representative hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained thyroid tissue slides OR tumor block available for submission to central pathology review; this review is mandatory prior to registration to confirm eligibility
Eligible patients must have histopathologically confirmed Hrthle cell thyroid cancer by central review
Patients must have documented low-grade serous carcinoma; confirmation must occur by prospective pathology review prior to study entry; the prospective pathology review can be done on tissue from the recurrent carcinoma or from original diagnostic specimen
Sites are required to complete Step 1 registration before submitting specimens for EBV DNA analysis* Patients must have detectable pretreatment plasma EBV DNA, determined by the central lab prior to Step 2 registration* For patients who have detectable plasma EBV DNA tested at one of the credentialed central labs within 28 days prior to Step 1 registration: that test result can be used for eligibility without the need for re-testing; to use this test result for eligibility, the central lab must enter the test result through the pathology portal
Tumor tissue must be available for submission for central pathology review* Timing requirements:** If MGMT has been assessed locally by LabCorps or MD Anderson Cancer Center Molecular Diagnostics Lab (MDACC-MDL):*** Tissue for central pathology review and central MGMT assessment and the official LabCorps or MDACC-MDL MGMT result must be received by the NRG Oncology Biospecimen Bank on or before postoperative calendar day 40*** The sites local MGMT report from LabCorp or MDACC-MDL will then be used to stratify the patient; a post-stratification MGMT central review will be performed, but step 2 registration and protocol treatment can proceed without central review of MGMT*** Patients whose tissue for central pathology review and official LabCorps or MDACC-MDL MGMT result cannot be received by NRG Oncology Biospecimen Bank on or before 40 calendar days after surgery may NOT enroll on this trial** If MGMT has not been assessed locally by LabCorps or MDACC-MDL:*** Tissue for central pathology review and central MGMT assessment must be received by the NRG Oncology Biospecimen Bank on or before postoperative calendar day 30*** Central MGMT analysis will be performed at MDACC-MDL and used for patient stratification; results will be conveyed to NRG Oncology within 10 business days of receipt of the tissue*** Patients who have not had local MGMT assessment by LabCorps or MDACC-MDL and whose tissue for central pathology review cannot be received by NRG Oncology Biospecimen Bank on or before 30 calendar days after surgery may NOT enroll on this trial* Tissue Requirements:** Patients must have at least 1 block of tumor tissue; submission of 2 blocks is strongly encouraged to maximize the chances of eligibility; in total, at least 1 cubic centimeter of tissue composed primarily of tumor must be present** Submission of an accompanying hematoxylin and eosin H&E slide(s) is MANDATORY** Diagnosis must be made by surgical excision, either partial or complete; stereotactic biopsy and cavitronic ultrasonic surgical (CUSA) techniques are not allowed
Tumor tissue that is determined by central pathology review prior to step 2 registration to be of sufficient quantity for central analysis of MGMT status
Patients must have paraffin tissue from the diagnostic or relapse biopsy available to be submitted for central pathology review and integral molecular subtyping; this review is mandatory prior to registration to confirm eligibility and should be initiated as soon as possible; determination of cell-of-origin subtype will be performed using the lymphoma subtyping test (LST) assay
Determination of activated B-celllike (ABC) subtype by pre-registration central review
Presence of cavitation of central pulmonary lesion
CT scans or MRIs used to assess disease at baseline must be submitted for central review
Central imaging real-time review (72 hour turn around) to confirm eligibility (for institutions that opt to utilize central imaging review to confirm eligibility)
Histologically proven diagnosis of salivary cancer by central pathology review
AR expression detected by immunohistochemistry by central review
Patients must have slides available for submission to central pathology review; this review is mandatory prior to registration to confirm eligibility and proper cohort assignment* HISTOLOGIC COHORT 1: Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (includes: malignant fibrous histiocytoma, myxofibrosarcoma, high grade sarcoma not otherwise specified [NOS])* HISTOLOGIC COHORT 2: Leiomyosarcoma (either uterine or extra-uterine)* HISTOLOGIC COHORT 3: Other (either malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor or synovial sarcoma); during the phase II portion of the study, enrollment will be limited to maximum of 25 patients in this cohort** Note that the phase I is limited to the histologic subtypes listed above; since patients will be enrolling onto dose cohorts during the phase I, they will not enroll onto specific histologic cohorts, although the histologic subtype informed will be collected during patient enrollment
Histologic documentation: Eligible patients must have histopathologically confirmed sarcoma of one of the subtypes listed, by central review
Patients must be newly diagnosed and have a confirmed molecular diagnosis of classical histologic type (non large cell/anaplastic [LC/A]) WNT medulloblastoma from rapid central pathology screening review on APEC14B1 (immunohistochemistry [IHC]/molecular screening [positive nuclear beta (B)-catenin by IHC and positive for catenin beta 1 [CTNNB1] mutation) and confirmation of =< 1.5 cm^2 maximal cross-sectional area of residual tumor from rapid central imaging review
Confirmation of radiographic stage as borderline resectable disease by real-time Alliance central radiographic review
Patients must have specimens available and institutions must be planning to submit for centralized pathology review and for integrated translational medicine objectives
For patients with oropharyngeal cancer only: the institution will do p16 testing, and if p16 is negative, this tissue must be submitted for central review for confirmation before Step 2 registration; note: if the institution finds that the patient is p16 positive, the patient is excluded from this trial on the basis of distinct biology, prognosis, and low- or intermediate-risk rather than high-risk status
For patients with oropharyngeal cancer only: p16 negative, confirmed by central pathology review
Patients must have had all visible tumor resected completely within 60 days prior to registration; CIS disease is not expected to be completely excised; all patients must have tumor tissue from the histologic diagnosis of recurrence available for central pathology review submission; failure to submit these materials will make the patient ineligible for this study
For patients enrolled on AALL08B1 or APEC14B1 (if open for ALL patients) prior to enrollment on AALL1631, the required diagnostic bone marrow sample has been fulfilled* For patients who have not previously enrolled on AALL08B1 or APEC14B1 (if open for ALL patients) prior to enrollment on AALL1631, a baseline diagnostic sample must be available to develop an MRD probe* In addition, laboratory reports detailing evidence of BCR-ABL1 fusion must be submitted for rapid central review within 72 hours of study enrollment
NOTE: Central pathology review must occur between steps 1 and 2 of registration; once appropriate pathology specimens are received, central pathology review will occur within 15 days, and must confirm WHO grade II meningioma before the patient can proceed to step 2 registration and randomization
Patients must have a histologically proven diagnosis of endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma by endometrial curettage or biopsy within 8 weeks prior to registration; central pathology review will be required as part of the study but not for registration purposes
Newly diagnosed patients must have histologic verification of a primary extracranial germ cell tumor in any of the categories outlined; elevation of serum tumor markers without histologic confirmation is not sufficient for entry on the trial* NOTE: for low risk patients, materials for rapid surgical central review must be sent within 7 days of study enrollment
Tumor tissue must be available for submission for central pathology review