X ray (XRT)/external beam irradiation including protons: >= 14 days after local XRT; >= 150 days after TBI, craniospinal XRT or if radiation to >= 50% of the pelvis; >= 42 days if other substantial bone marrow (BM) radiation
At least 14 days after local palliative radiation therapy (XRT) (small port); at least 150 days must have elapsed if prior traumatic brain injury (TBI), craniospinal XRT or if >= 50% radiation of pelvis; at least 42 days must have elapsed if other substantial bone marrow radiation, including therapeutic doses of Iobenguane (MIBG)
>= 2 weeks must have elapsed since local palliative radiation therapy (XRT) (small port); >= 6 weeks must have elapsed since treatment with therapeutic doses of M-Iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG); >= 3 months must have elapsed if prior craniospinal XRT was received, if >= 50% of the pelvis was irradiated, or if total-body irradiation (TBI) was received; >= 6 weeks must have elapsed if other substantial bone marrow irradiation was given\r\n* Subjects should not have any clinically relevant ongoing complications from prior radiation therapy (i.e., radiation esophagitis or other inflammation of the viscera)
>= 2 weeks must have elapsed for local palliative radiation therapy (XRT) (small port) and enrollment on study; at least 24 weeks must have elapsed since prior total body irradiation (TBI), radiation to >= 50% of pelvis, or craniospinal radiation; >= 6 weeks must have elapsed if the patient has received other substantial bone marrow radiation
Prior to registration, patients must be ? 14 days for local palliative radiation therapy (XRT) (small port); ? 90 days must have elapsed if prior total body irradiation (TBI), craniospinal XRT or if ? 50% radiation of pelvis; ? 45 days must have elapsed if other substantial bone marrow radiation
Radiation therapy (XRT): at least 14 days after local palliative XRT (small port); 6 weeks must have elapsed since treatment with therapeutic doses of 131-meta-iodobenzylguanidine sulfate (I^131-MIBG); at least 150 days must have elapsed if prior traumatic brain injury (TBI), craniospinal XRT, or if >= 50% radiation of pelvis; at least 42 days must have elapsed if other substantial brain metastases (BM) radiation
Patients enrolled in the study will meet standard criteria for whole breast XRT or chest wall XRT for patients who have had mastectomies
>= 6 months must have elapsed if the patient has received involved field XRT or gamma knife that includes all target lesions (i.e., there is no restriction if a new lesion arises outside the radiation field or a non-irradiated lesion progresses); >= 6 months must have elapsed if the patient has received craniospinal XRT; >= 6 weeks must have elapsed if patient has received radiation to areas outside optic glioma
Radiotherapy: >=2 weeks must have elapsed since local palliative radiotherapy (XRT) (small port); >=3 months must have elapsed if prior Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), craniospinal XRT or if >=50% radiation of pelvis; >=6 weeks must have elapsed if other substantial bone marrow irradiation was given.
Patients must have had their last fraction of:\r\n* Craniospinal irradiation >= 3 months prior to enrollment\r\n* Other substantial bone marrow irradiation >= 6 weeks prior to enrollment\r\n* Local palliative radiation therapy (XRT) (small port) >= 2 weeks
INCLUSION CRITERIA FOR STRATUM C: Patients must have had their last fraction of:\r\n* Craniospinal irradiation >= 3 months prior to enrollment\r\n* Other substantial bone marrow irradiation >= 6 weeks prior to enrollment\r\n* Local palliative radiation therapy (XRT) (small port) >= 2 weeks
At least 2 weeks must have elapsed since local radiation therapy (XRT) (small port); ? 3 months must have elapsed if prior cranial or craniospinal XRT was received, if ? 50% of the pelvis was irradiated, or if total body irradiation (TBI) was received; ? 6 weeks must have elapsed if other substantial bone marrow irradiation was given
Local palliative radiation therapy (XRT) (small port) ?2 weeks before first dose of study drug
Prior total body irradiation, total craniospinal XRT, or ?50% radiation of pelvis within 6 months of receiving first dose of study drug
Must not have received radiotherapy (XRT) within 14 days prior to study drug administration (small field) or 42 days for craniospinal XRT, or if ?50% radiation of pelvis.
Radiation therapy (XRT) >= 2 weeks for local palliative XRT; >= 6 months must have elapsed after XRT involving > 50% of the craniospinal axis or > 50% of the pelvis
Has recovered from the acute toxic effects of all prior chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or radiotherapy\r\n* Myelosuppressive chemotherapy: At least 3 weeks since completion (6 weeks for nitrosourea)\r\n* Biologic (anti-neoplastic agent): At least 7 days since completion of therapy with a biologic agent\r\n* Radiation (XRT): ? 1 week must have elapsed from prior palliative XRT to non-target lesions
Prior Therapy\r\n* Patients must have fully recovered from the acute toxic effects of all prior anti-cancer chemotherapy\r\n** Cytotoxic chemotherapy (including investigational agents) or biologic agents (eg. cytokines or antibodies): At least 3 weeks after the last dose\r\n** Nitrosoureas/mitomycin C: At least 6 weeks from the last dose\r\n** Radiotherapy (XRT): At least 14 days after local palliative XRT (small port); at least 150 days must have elapsed if prior traumatic brain injury (TBI), craniospinal XRT or if >= 50% radiation of pelvis; at least 42 days must have elapsed if other substantial bone marrow (BM) radiation; e.g. stem cell Infusion without TBI: no evidence of active graft versus (vs.) host disease and at least 56 days must have elapsed after transplant or stem cell infusion
Prior definitive radiation therapy (XRT) is allowed if it has been 2 weeks since the end of definitive XRT; for palliative XRT, protocol-specified treatment can begin at minimum 48 hours after completion of radiation; lesions within the XRT field can only be used as target lesions if definite progression has been demonstrated since the completion of radiation
At least 2 weeks must have elapsed since local palliative radiation therapy (XRT) (small port); at least 6 weeks must have elapsed since treatment with therapeutic doses of metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG); at least 3 months must have elapsed if prior craniospinal XRT was received, if more than 50% of the pelvis was irradiated, or if total body irradiation (TBI) was received; at least 6 weeks must have elapsed if other substantial bone marrow irradiation was given
The subject must have recovered from the acute toxic effects of all prior therapy with the exception of alopecia. The following time must have elapsed from the last dose of the following medications to study enrollment:\r\n* Myelosuppressive chemotherapy: 14 days\r\n* Hematopoietic growth factors: 7 days (14 days for Neulasta)\r\n* Biologic agent: 7 days\r\n* Monoclonal antibody: 3 half-lives \r\n* Immunotherapy (ie tumor vaccines): 42 days\r\n* Palliative small port radiation therapy (XRT): 14 days\r\n* Substantial bone marrow XRT: 6 weeks\r\n* Stem cell transplant or infusion without total body irradiation (TBI): 12 weeks\r\n* Total body irradiation (TBI): 24 weeks
Radiation therapy - At least 14 days must have elapsed for local XRT. At least 90 days must have elapsed if prior radiation to ?50% of the pelvis, the spine, or other substantial bone marrow radiation including TBI.
>= 2 weeks must have elapsed for local radiation therapy (XRT) (small port); >= 6 months must have elapsed if prior radiation to >= 50% of the pelvis or if other substantial bone marrow irradiation, including total body irradiation
Radiotherapy (XRT): at least 4 weeks for focal XRT or 8 weeks for craniospinal XRT must have elapsed prior to study entry
At least 14 days after local palliative XRT (small port); At least 150 days must have elapsed if prior TBI, craniospinal XRT or if ? 50% radiation of pelvis; At least 42 days must have elapsed if other substantial bone marrow radiation.
Patients must have had prior radiation therapy for treatment of their ependymoma; external beam radiation therapy (XRT) must be >= 3 months prior to registration for craniospinal irradiation (>= 18 Gray [Gy]); >= 4 weeks for local radiation to primary tumor; and >= 2 weeks prior to registration for focal irradiation to symptomatic metastatic sites
No radiation therapy >= 14 days for local palliative radiation therapy (XRT) (small port): >= 6 months must have elapsed if prior craniospinal XRT or if >= 50% radiation of pelvis; >= 42 days must have elapsed if other substantial bone marrow radiation
Radiation therapy (XRT)/External Beam Irradiation including Protons: ?14 days after local XRT, ?150 days after TBI, craniospinal XRT or if radiation to ?50% of the pelvis, ?42 days if other substantial BM radiation
Patients who require local palliative measures such as XRT or surgery
Radiation therapy (RT): >= 2 weeks for local palliative RT (small port); >= 6 months must have elapsed if prior craniospinal RT or if >= 50% radiation of pelvis; >= 6 weeks must have elapsed if other substantial bone marrow (BM) radiation; Note: patients must have received =< than 13.6 Gray (Gy) prior radiation to the mediastinum
External beam radiation therapy (XRT): at least 14 days after local palliative XRT (small port); at least 150 days must have elapsed if prior total body irradiation (TBI), craniospinal XRT or if >= 50% radiation of pelvis; at least 42 days must have elapsed if other substantial bone marrow (BM) radiation
Patients with prior TBI, craniospinal XRT and/or those with >= 50% radiation of the pelvis are not eligible
Patients may have received palliative external beam radiation therapy (XRT) for local disease control with no curative intent; XRT must be completed at least 7 days prior to registration
>= 2 weeks (wks) for local palliative radiation therapy (XRT) (small port); >= 6 weeks must have elapsed since treatment with therapeutic doses of MIBG; >= 6 months must have elapsed if prior total body irradiation (TBI), craniospinal XRT or >= 50% radiation of pelvis; >= 6 wks must have elapsed if other substantial bone marrow (BM) radiation
2 weeks for local palliative radiation therapy (XRT).
Radiotherapy (XRT)/External Beam Irradiation including Protons: ?14 days after local XRT; ?150 days after total body irradiation, craniospinal XRT or if radiation to ?50% of the pelvis; ?42 days if other substantial bone marrow radiation.
The following amounts of time must have elapsed prior to entry on study:\r\n* 2 weeks from local radiation therapy (XRT)\r\n* 8 weeks from prior craniospinal or if > 50% of the pelvis has been irradiated\r\n* 6 weeks must have elapsed if other bone marrow radiation has occurred
For all patients, >= 4 weeks must have elapsed for local external beam radiation therapy (XRT); >= 6 months must have elapsed if prior radiation to >= 50% of the pelvis or if substantial bone marrow irradiation; patients with a history of prior radiation with field including the heart (i.e. mantle) will be excluded
Craniospinal radiation therapy (XRT) is prohibited during protocol therapy; no washout period is necessary for radiation given to non-CNS chloromas; >= 90 days must have elapsed if prior traumatic brain injury (TBI) or craniospinal XRT
Patients must have had their last fraction of:\r\n* Craniospinal irradiation (> 24 Gray [Gy]) or total body irradiation > 3 months prior to registration\r\n* Local palliative external beam radiation therapy (XRT) (small port) >= 2 weeks \r\n* Other substantial bone marrow (BM) radiation >= 6 weeks must have elapsed
Radiotherapy: 3 weeks must have elapsed since radiation therapy (XRT)
>= 2 weeks must have elapsed for local palliative radiation therapy (XRT) (small port) and enrollment on study; at least 24 weeks must have elapsed since prior total body irradiation (TBI), radiation to >= 50% of pelvis, or craniospinal radiation; >= 6 weeks must have elapsed if the patient has received other substantial bone marrow (BM radiation); >= 6 weeks for prior metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) therapy; for patients with only one site of measurable or evaluable disease, radiation must not have been given to that site unless that site has demonstrated clear progression after radiation or at least 2 months have elapsed since radiation and their remains evidence of viable tumor on biopsy, fludeoxyglucose (FDG) pet scan or MIBG scan
Has recovered from the acute toxic effects of all prior chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or radiotherapy\r\n* Myelosuppressive chemotherapy: At least 3 weeks since completion (6 weeks for nitrosourea)\r\n* Biologic (anti-neoplastic agent): At least 14 days since completion of therapy with a biologic agent\r\n* Radiation (XRT): >= 1 week must have elapsed from prior palliative XRT to non-target lesions
Prior radiotherapy (RT): At least four weeks since completion of whole-brain irradiation, at least two weeks since completion of prophylactic cranial irradiation, and to any other site.
Patients must have had their last fraction of: \r\n* Craniospinal irradiation (> 24 GRAY [Gy]) or total body irradiation > 12 weeks prior to enrollment\r\n* Focal irradiation > 2 weeks prior to enrollment\r\n* >= 3 months since autologous bone marrow/stem cell transplant prior to enrollment
Patient has received radiation therapy prior to study registration; patients must have had their last fraction of local irradiation to the primary tumor >= 3 months prior to registration, their last fraction of craniospinal irradiation (>= 24 Gy) or total body irradiation >= 3 months prior to registration or >= 6 weeks (wks) for the therapeutic doses of MIBG; patient has not received focal irradiation for symptomatic metastatic sites within 14 days prior to registration
Prior total body or hemi-body irradiation
Subject who has received prior pelvic irradiation or is scheduled for pelvic nodal irradiation
Radiation therapy within 2 weeks prior to randomization, including stereotactic or partial brain irradiation. Whole brain irradiation within 4 weeks prior to randomization
Radiation: patients must have:\r\n* Had their last fraction of local irradiation to primary tumor >= 12 weeks prior to registration; investigators are reminded to review potentially eligible cases to avoid confusion with pseudo-progression\r\n* Had their last fraction of craniospinal irradiation or total body irradiation >= 12 weeks prior to registration
Participants may have received prior cranial irradiation
Disease has progressed through at least one systemic therapy or through local irradiation within the preceding 6 months.
Radiotherapy: patients must have had their last fraction of: \r\n* Focal irradiation > 2 weeks prior to enrollment
Prior prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) is allowed
Lesion that is technically feasible to irradiation and accessible for direct intratumoral injection
Radiation: patients must have:\r\n* Had their last fraction of local irradiation to primary tumor >= 12 months prior to registration; investigators are reminded to review potentially eligible cases to avoid confusion with pseudo-progression\r\n* Had their last fraction of craniospinal irradiation (> 24 Gy) > 3 months prior to registration
Prior irradiation to > 30% of BM reserves (including total body irradiation), regardless of the washout period;
Prior radiation: Cranial irradiation, total body irradiation (TBI), or ? 50% radiation of pelvis ? 3 months prior to screening. Focal irradiation: ? 3 weeks prior to screening if radiation field involved a nontarget lesion; ? 6 weeks prior to screening if radiation field involved a target lesion. Note: True disease progression following prior irradiation therapy must be confirmed by Investigator prior to screening. • Bone marrow transplant: < 6 months since allogeneic bone marrow transplant prior to screening. < 3 months since autologous bone marrow/stem cell transplant prior to screening. < 3 months since stem cell transplant (SCT) or Rescue without TBI with no evidence of GVHD prior to screening. • Radioisotopes: fluorothymidine (18FLT) ? 72 hours prior to first dose of study drug
Plans to administer irradiation to the breast only
Prior thoracic irradiation
Prior whole brain irradiation
Previous pelvic irradiation therapy
history of mediastinal or pulmonary irradiation
History of prior irradiation to the area to be treated
Previous irradiation that precludes the safe administration of an additional dose of 200 cGy of total body irradiation (TBI)
Previous total body irradiation, or irradiation of >25% of the patient's bone marrow.
Prior whole brain irradiation
Prior mediastinal irradiation (for any reason)
Prior whole brain irradiation
Prior whole brain irradiation
Prior total body irradiation (TBI)
Prior whole/partial brain irradiation or stereotactic radiosurgery
Prior total body irradiation, prior total abdominal or whole liver radiation
Patients must not have received previous irradiation to the brain
Progressive intracranial ependymoma after prior focal irradiation
Prior craniospinal irradiation
Prior intracavitary irradiation or Gliadel wafers
Prior whole brain irradiation
Prior therapeutic radiation exposure to tissues for which protocol irradiation is anticipated is an exclusion criterion
Patients must have had their last fraction of: \r\n* Craniospinal irradiation (> 24 Gy) > 3 months prior to enrollment\r\n* Focal irradiation > 42 days prior to enrollment\r\n* Local palliative irradiation (small port) > 14 days
Prior whole brain irradiation
Prior cranial irradiation
Patients who have received cranial or spinal irradiation less than 3 weeks prior to the start of this protocol
Stem cell infusions (with or without total body irradiation [TBI]): ?84 days
?12 weeks for total skin electron beam irradiation,
Patients are excluded if they have received total body irradiation (TBI)
Prior whole brain irradiation
Patients with tumors that are not curable by salvage approaches including resection and/or re-irradiation.
Prior whole brain irradiation.
Patients must have:\r\n* Had their last fraction of local irradiation to primary tumor >= 12 weeks prior to registration\r\n* Had their last fraction of craniospinal irradiation or total body irradiation >= 12 weeks prior to registration
Prior neck radiotherapy that would preclude re-irradiation
Prior irradiation is allowed if > 28 days prior to registration have elapsed since\n             the date of last treatment.
Patients with a history of pelvic irradiation for any reason
Prior cranial irradiation
Patients who have received prior pelvic irradiation are not eligible
At least 12 weeks for craniospinal, ?50% radiation of pelvis, or total body irradiation prior to first dose of study drug
No prior abdominopelvic radiotherapy is allowed except for total body irradiation administered >= 10 years prior; no prior systemic therapy for anal cancer
Total body irradiation (TBI) or craniospinal radiation therapy <6months
Prior irradiation to lung fields
History of prior chemotherapy or pelvic irradiation
No history of previous pelvic irradiation
History of prior pelvic irradiation
Any prior melanoma treatment other than surgery or regional irradiation
The participant has undergone chest irradiation within 2 weeks prior to receiving study treatment.
Patients must have had their last fraction of:\r\n* Craniospinal irradiation, total body irradiation (TBI), or >= 50% radiation of pelvis > 3 months prior to enrollment\r\n* Focal irradiation > 6 weeks prior to enrollment\r\n* Local palliative radiation therapy (XRT) (small port) >= 4 weeks
Surgery or irradiation ? 4 weeks prior to randomization
Recommended to undergo pelvic irradiation with concurrent chemotherapy
Prior abdomino-pelvic irradiation
Prior pelvic irradiation.
No history of previous chemotherapy or pelvic irradiation
History of prior chemotherapy or pelvic irradiation
Patients must not have received any prior pelvic irradiation
Patients will be allowed to participate following single prior CNS treatment with stereotactic radiotherapy whole brain irradiation and stable without steroid requirement for ?2 months or following ?2 prior CNS treatments with stereotactic radiotherapy whole brain irradiation and stable without steroid requirement for ?4 months.
Patients must be at least 6 weeks out from pelvic irradiation, and must not have more than 10% of bone marrow irradiated.
Patients who have received cranial or spinal irradiation less than 3 weeks prior to the start of this protocol
RECURRENT/ PROGRESSIVE DIPG (STRATUM 1): Patients must have had their last fraction of: \r\n* Craniospinal irradiation or radiation to >= 50% of pelvis > 3 months prior to enrollment\r\n* Focal irradiation to the primary site > 42 days prior to enrollment\r\n* Local palliative irradiation other than previously irradiated primary site (small port) >= 14 days
NON-PROGRESSED DIPG (STRATUM 2): Patients must have had their last fraction of focal irradiation to the primary site > 14 days prior to enrollment; patients must not have received local palliative irradiation or craniospinal irradiation
Prior total body irradiation (TBI) making TMI not feasible
Patients who have pelvic irradiation with doses ? 45 Grays (Gy).
At least 60 days from prior total body irradiation (TBI)
Patient had a resection and/or completed a course of cranial irradiation; and
Patients with prior whole brain irradiation
Prior history of pelvic irradiation
Irradiation to more than 25% of bone marrow-bearing areas
History of extensive prior pelvic irradiation.
Has undergone chest irradiation within 12 weeks prior to randomization (except palliative irradiation of bone lesions)
External radiation therapy (XRT): Must not have received XRT within 3 months prior to study entry for craniospinal irradiation (> 24 Gy) or total body irradiation or if >= 50% radiation of pelvis; >= 8 weeks for local irradiation to primary tumor; >= 2 weeks for focal irradiation for symptomatic metastatic sites
Prior whole brain irradiation
Evidence or suspected recurrent or metastatic disease; prior brain irradiation is not allowed
Patient is felt not to be a candidate for total-body irradiation (TBI) by the Bone Marrow Transplant (BMT) service
Skin disease in target irradiation area
Disease-based radiation therapy (not total body irradiation)
Patients’ proposed post-operative treatment plan must include standard focal brain irradiation and temozolomide
Patients may have started consolidative chest irradiation by the time of study entry
Patients receiving prior external beam irradiation to the head or neck, including any form of stereotactic irradiation
Subjects who have previously received or have planned Total Body Irradiation (TBI)
Patient has received or is scheduled to receive total body irradiation, total nodal irradiation, upper abdomen radiotherapy, half or upper body irradiation, radiotherapy of the cranium, craniospinal regions, head and neck, lower thorax region or the pelvis within 1 week prior to study entry (Day 1) or within 120 h after start of chemotherapy administration on Day 1.
Prior pelvic irradiation
Prior re-irradiation or stereotactic radiosurgery for recurrent disease at the same tumor location intended for HFRT in this study
History of re-irradiation to a field which includes the carotid arteries