Known central nervous system (CNS) metastases or seizure disorder; patients with known brain metastases that have been successfully treated and stable for >= 6 months without requirement for corticosteroids and without seizure activity will be eligible 102.0 Active seizure or history of seizure disorder 276.0 Patients with prior seizure history who have experienced a seizure within the three months prior to enrollment are excluded 130.0 Patients with active seizure or history of seizure are not eligible 107.0 Patients with seizure disorder may be enrolled if well controlled 275.0 Patients with active seizure or a history of seizure are not eligible 110.0 History of intractable epilepsy, or uncontrolled seizure disorder 330.0 STEP I: Patients must not have active, uncontrolled seizure disorder; patients must have had no seizures in the last 6 months 1080.0 Patients receiving glucocorticoids and/or anti-seizure medications are eligible for this study 75.0 Patients with a history of encephalitis, multiple sclerosis, or seizures within the last year (from seizure disorder or brain metastasis) should be excluded from this clinical trial 54.0 Comorbid conditions: patients are unable to participate due to the following:* Generalized or partial seizure disorder that is uncontrolled at the time of registration; the definition of controlled generalized seizures is patients must be on a stable dose of anti-seizure medication and without generalized seizures for at least 10 days prior to registration; the definition of controlled partial seizures is patients must be on a stable dose of anti-seizure medication for at least 10 days prior to registration; patients with occasional breakthrough partial seizures are allowed at treating physician�s discretion* Grade 3 or 4 thromboembolic disease within 6 months (mo) of registration* Known history of prolonged QT syndrome 440.0 Patients with uncontrolled seizure disorder are not eligible; (patients with seizure disorders that do not require antiepileptic drugs, or are well controlled with stable doses of antiepileptic drugs remain eligible) 598.0 Patients considered at poor medical risk due to a serious, uncontrolled medical disorder, non-malignant systemic disease or active, uncontrolled infection; examples include, but are not limited to, uncontrolled ventricular arrhythmia, recent (within 3 months) myocardial infarction, uncontrolled major seizure disorder, extensive bilateral lung disease on high resolution computed tomography scan or any psychiatric disorder that prohibits obtaining informed consent 1500.0 Uncontrolled seizure disorder 1400.0 Intractable seizures while on adequate anticonvulsant therapy�more than 1 seizure per month for the past 2 months 510.0 Patient has no known history of seizure disorder 44.0 Patients with a history of uncontrolled seizure disorder; including focal or generalized seizure may not have had a seizure within one year prior to registration 333.0 Patients with a high risk of seizures should be excluded from the protocol (e.g. those patients with an uncontrolled seizure disorder, and/or patients who have had a focal or generalized seizure within the last 12 months) 48.0 Patients must not have active seizure or history of seizure 143.0 Active seizure disorder uncontrolled by medication 348.0 Patients with seizure disorder requiring medication 84.0 Patients with a seizure history will not be permitted on protocol; patients on anticonvulsant medications will not be permitted on study 60.0 Patients with active seizures or a history of uncontrolled seizure disorder, including focal or generalized seizure within the past year 72.0 Patients with seizure disorder may be enrolled if on non-enzyme inducing anticonvulsants and if seizures are well controlled 253.0 Patients who are currently receiving enzyme inducing anticonvulsants are not eligible 253.0 Patients must not have received enzyme-inducing anticonvulsants including phenytoin, phenobarbital, valproic acid, or carbamazepine for at least 7 days prior to study enrollment; patients receiving non-enzyme inducing anticonvulsants such as gabapentin or levetiracetam will be eligible 74.0 TUMOR BIOPSY SEQUENCING: Patients with history of central nervous system (CNS) metastases who have received treatment and who either have not had seizures or have been on stable doses of anti-seizure medicine and had no seizures for 4 weeks will be eligible; enzyme-inducing anticonvulsants are contraindicated 700.0 TREATMENT: Patients with a history of seizures are not eligible to receive veliparib, but patients with a history of CNS metastases who have received treatment and who either have not had seizures or have been on stable doses of anti-seizure medicine and had no seizures for >= 4 weeks will be eligible for other study agents; enzyme inducing anticonvulsants are contraindicated 700.0 TREATMENT: Patients with active brain metastases or carcinomatous meningitis are excluded from this clinical trial; patients who have a history of seizures are not eligible to receive veliparib, but patients who have either not had seizures or who have been on stable doses of anti-seizure medicine and had no seizures for 4 weeks will be eligible for other study agents; enzyme-inducing anticonvulsants are contraindicated 700.0 Patients with seizure disorder may be enrolled if on non-enzyme inducing anticonvulsants and well controlled 77.0 Patients must not currently be receiving enzyme inducing anticonvulsants 77.0 Patients with seizure disorder may be enrolled if on non-enzyme inducing anticonvulsants and well controlled 154.0 Patients must not have received enzyme inducing anticonvulsants for at least 14 days prior to enrollment 154.0 Patients with seizure disorder may be enrolled if on anticonvulsants and well controlled 81.0 Patients with seizure disorder may be enrolled if on anticonvulsants and if seizures are well controlled 56.0 Central nervous system function defined as:* Patients with seizure disorder may be enrolled if on anticonvulsants and well controlled* Patients must not be in status epilepticus, a coma or on assisted ventilation at the time of study enrollment 45.0 Patients with seizure disorder may be enrolled if on anticonvulsants and well controlled 65.0 Patients with a known seizure disorder who are receiving non-enzyme inducing anticonvulsants and have well-controlled seizures may be enrolled 146.0 Patients with seizure disorder may be enrolled if on non-enzyme inducing anticonvulsants and well controlled 51.0 Patients must not have received enzyme-inducing anticonvulsants for at least 7 days prior to enrollment 51.0 Patients with seizure disorder may be enrolled if on anticonvulsants and well controlled 49.0 Patients with seizure disorder may be enrolled if on anticonvulsants and well controlled 144.0