Patients with complete surgical resection of disease are not eligible
Paraffin tissue samples obtained by transurethral resection of muscle-invasive bladder tumor, upper tract resection, cystectomy/nephrectomy/ureterectomy, or nephroureterectomy must be available; this specimen submission is mandatory prior to registration as results will be used for stratification
Patient must fit into one of the following three categories:\r\n* Patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and pathologic stage at surgical resection is >= pT and/or N+ OR\r\n* Patients who are not cisplatin-eligible (according to >=  of the following criteria: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group [ECOG] performance status of , creatinine clearance <  mL/min, grade >=  hearing loss, grade >=  neuropathy, or New York Heart Association class III heart failure and pathologic stage at surgical resection is >= pT or pN+) OR\r\n* Patients that decline adjuvant cisplatin-based or other systemic chemotherapy based on an informed discussion with the physician and pathologic stage at surgical resection is >= pT or pN+
Patient must have had radical surgical resection of their bladder cancer >=  weeks but =<  weeks prior to pre-registration
Tumors must have been completely resected; in patients with tumor adherent to adjacent structures, en bloc R resection must be documented in the operative report or otherwise confirmed by the surgeon; near or positive radial margins are acceptable so long as en bloc resection was performed. Proximal or distal margin positivity is not permitted
Patients who have undergone complete surgical resection of the recurrent tumor and have no evidence of residual disease evaluable clinically and by CT or MRI imaging, following resection
No prior treatment other than surgical intervention and corticosteroids; patients are allowed to have had more than one attempt at resection prior to enrollment
Patients with codeleted low grade gliomas must also be considered high risk by exhibiting one or more of the following characteristics:\r\n* Age >=  and any surgical therapy\r\n* Age <  with prior and subtotal resection or biopsy (i.e., anything less than gross total resection)\r\n* Documented growth following prior surgery (NOTE: patients with prior surgery cannot have received prior radiation, chemotherapy or targeted therapy)\r\n* Intractable seizures
A diagnostic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (no other scan type allowed) of the brain must be performed postoperatively; the residual enhancing tumor and/or resection cavity must have a maximal diameter of  cm or less; the tumor diameter will be the greatest diameter as measured on the contrast-enhanced postoperative MRI and will include residual disease and/or the postoperative surgical cavity as appropriate\r\n* The postoperative brain MRI should be obtained within  hours of resection; if it is not obtained within  hours post-resection, then an MRI obtained  weeks or longer after surgery is required and can be utilized to ensure maximal diameter of residual tumor and/or resection cavity is  cm or less\r\n* For cases where a gross total resection of enhancing tumor is performed, but postoperative surgical cavity is NOT identifiable, the patient will be excluded from the trial
Patients with T or T primary tumors (N-, M) not amenable to surgical resection by standard radical vulvectomy
All known disease amenable to metastasis-directed therapy with either SBRT or resection\r\n* NOTE: Symptomatic bone metastasis are allowed if ablative therapy can be delivered\r\n* NOTE: Sites for possible surgical excision include lung, liver, adrenal gland, bone, small intestine, large intestine, ovary, and amenable nodal disease sites\r\n* NOTE: Surgical stabilization is allowed for a metastasis if it is followed by conventionally fractionated external beam radiotherapy
All patients with T urothelial carcinoma must undergo re-transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) within  days prior to registration, and must have uninvolved muscularis propria in the pathologic specimen from either the first or the second TURBT; tissue from the re-resection must be submitted; the TURBT that identified the recurrent T disease may have taken place more than  days prior to registration
Patients may have had surgical resection of the hepatic malignancy prior to enrollment; all other anti-cancer therapy for the current liver lesion is prohibited
Patients must have histologically confirmed well-differentiated islet cell carcinoma (PNET) not amenable to surgical resection
Not scheduled to start radiation within  days of surgical resection of tumor;
SURGICAL STUDY (STRATUM ): Patients for whom surgical intervention is clinically indicated (gross total resection or sub-total resection) at recurrence and are amenable to receiving ribociclib for    days prior to resection\r\n* Note: patients with DIPG are excluded from the surgical study
Patients who are otherwise deemed clinically unsuitable for surgical resection (applicable for surgical study only)
Participant has a history of >= grade  AST, ALT, or bilirubin increase or has extensive liver resection (i.e., left lobe resection).
Absence of resectable disease after transurethral resection (TURBT) procedures (residual carcinoma in situ (CIS) acceptable; patients with T tumors must undergo repeat resection and biopsy [inclusive of muscularis propria] if initial biopsy did not include muscularis propria). Patients with high-grade Ta and/or T disease should have complete resection before study treatment.
Cutaneous, subcutaneous soft tissue, or superficial lymphatic metastasis not suitable for surgical resection
Patients must have progressed after prior high dose chemotherapy (HDCT) treatment, been deemed not to be a candidate for high dose chemotherapy or refused high-dose chemotherapy, and be considered incurable by other standard therapies including further chemotherapy or surgery; there is no maximum allowable number of previous therapies\r\n* Failure of prior therapy is defined as:\r\n** A > % increase in the products of perpendicular diameters of measurable tumor masses during prior therapy which are not amenable to surgical resection\r\n** The presence of new tumors which are not amenable to surgical resection\r\n** An increase in AFP or beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) (two separate determinations at least one week apart are required if rising tumor markers are the only evidence of failure)\r\n* NOTE: patients with clinically growing teratoma (normal declining tumor markers and radiographic or clinical progression) should be considered for surgery
Sub-optimal resection as their surgical outcome
Ineligible disease sites include the following\r\n* Lymphoma\r\n* Leukemia\r\n* Multiple myeloma\r\n* Primary central nervous system (CNS)\r\n* Peritoneal carcinomatosis \r\n* Colon cancer with liver-only metastatic disease that is treatable with surgical resection
There must be a commitment by the surgical team to resect the primary tumor within  days following the  weeks of sirolimus unless the clinical situation at the time of resection suggests that these interventions are not in the patient's best interest
Not eligible for surgical resection or liver transplant or have refused such procedures
Diagnosed with residual pathologic disease after being surgically rendered free of disease with negative margins following complete resection
Patients with no evidence of metastatic disease as well as patients with a local recurrence following surgical resection of primary lesion.
Inclusion Criteria:\n\n        Patients must meet all of the following inclusion criteria to be eligible for participation\n        in this study:\n\n          -  Surgical or biopsy-proven diagnosis of WHO grade  AA.\n\n          -  Unequivocal evidence of first AA tumor progression or recurrence ?  months prior to\n             randomization based on MRI criteria for tumor progression using enlarging Gd-contrast\n             enhancement and/or T hyperintensity. Patients with non-measurable Gd contrast\n             enhancing tumors will only be eligible if there is no necrosis seen on MRI and/or\n             histopathological confirmation of AA per standard of care procedures is obtained.\n\n          -  First tumor progression or recurrence following surgical resection or biopsy, if\n             resection is not feasible, EBRT and temozolomide chemotherapy.\n\n          -  Completion of EBRT ?  months prior to randomization.\n\n          -  A patient whose AA tumor has progressed or recurred and has had another surgical\n             resection prior to randomization will be eligible if a) pathology review confirms AA,\n             and b) post-surgical MRI demonstrates measurable tumor on T/FLAIR.\n\n          -  Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) score of ? .\n\n        Exclusion Criteria:\n\n        Patients who meet any of the following exclusion criteria are not eligible for study\n        participation:\n\n          -  MRI defining progression is consistent with a diagnosis of glioblastoma or radiation\n             necrosis.\n\n          -  Patients who are considered to be refractory to EBRT and temozolomide but who have not\n             progressed.\n\n          -  Prior systemic therapy for recurrence of AA.\n\n          -  Presence of extracranial or leptomeningeal disease.\n\n          -  Prior lomustine use.\n\n          -  Any other clinical condition or prior therapy that, in the opinion of the\n             Investigator, would make the patient unsuitable for the study.\n\n          -  Pregnant or breastfeeding.
Before enrollment, patients must show non-enhancing T-fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) lesions that are amenable to surgical resection; surgical resection of at least . grams of tumor is expected to ensure adequate evaluation of the study endpoints
All patients must have developed recurrent disease/progression (evidence of recurrence to be established by MRI or CT scan with contrast; there is no limit to the number of relapses) after receiving all standard treatments, which must include the following: \r\n* Surgical resection, if possible;\r\n* Definitive radiation therapy for unresectable meningioma, or for recurrent meningioma after resection\r\n* (Note: At registration, patients must be at least  days post-surgery, and must be at least  days post-radiation therapy, with resolution of related cytotoxicities down to grade )
Patients eligible for resection with one or more of the following
Before enrollment, patients must show supratentorial, non-enhancing T-FLAIR lesions that are amenable to surgical resection and are likely WHO grade II glioma; surgical resection of at least  mg tumor tissue to ensure adequate evaluation of the study endpoints
Candidate for MLA based on the size, location, and shape of the recurrent tumor as determined by the performing neurosurgeon; surgical resection/debulking prior to MLA is allowed per standard of care, but is not required; if the patient undergoes resection or debulking, it must have occurred at least  weeks prior to the first dose of MK-
Initiation of chemotherapy is planned within  weeks ( days) of the definitive biopsy or surgical resection
Surgical margins that cannot be microscopically assessed or are positive at pathologic evaluation. (If surgical margins are rendered free of disease by re-excision, the patient is eligible).
Complete macroscopic resection of all known disease
Inability to localise surgical bed on CT scans and/or surgical margins (cm) not known
No prior therapy to primary tumor prior to surgical resection (no induction therapy or recurrent disease).
An interval of >=  days and full recovery (i.e., no ongoing safety issues) from surgical resection prior to randomization.
An interval of ?  days since surgical resection prior to treatment on the trial
Maximal tumor resection has been performed as feasible
Subjects with disease that is amenable to surgical resection
Criteria for surgical resection of at least one metastasis per neurosurgeon discretion
Surgical resection able to be performed within    days after radiosurgery
Patients who received anti-VEGF therapy within  weeks prior to enrollment, as there is increased risk of fatal brain hemorrhage with surgical resection
Has undergone a partial nephroprotective or radical complete nephrectomy (and complete resection of solid, isolated, soft tissue metastatic lesion(s) in M NED participants) with negative surgical margins.
Patients on the Intratumoral Studies surgical arm must be undergoing repeat surgery that is clinically indicated as determined by their care providers, where a significant debulking or a gross total surgical resection of the contrast-enhancing area is intended
An interval of at least  weeks for surgical resection and  week for stereotactic biopsy from the start of study treatment
Subjects deemed surgically unresectable or subjects unwilling to undergo surgical resection
Prior surgical resection of pancreatic tumor
Plan for next therapeutic intervention to be surgical resection of metastatic disease.
Patients must have disease determined to be surgically resectable and candidates for upfront surgery as agreed upon by a multidisciplinary consensus (Surgical Oncology, Medical Oncology, Radiation Oncology) after presentation at sarcoma multidisciplinary conference. Resectable tumors are defined as having no significant vascular, neural or bony involvement. Only cases where a complete surgical resection can safely be achieved are defined as resectable.
Disease that is considered surgically unresectable, including, but not limited to significant vascular, neural, or bone involvement, and in cases where a complete surgical resection cannot be safely performed.
Disease amenable to surgical resection in the opinion of the treating surgeon
Histological confirmation of stage IIIB, IIIC, IVMa, IVMb, or IVMc that is not suitable for surgical resection
Patients must have stage IIIB, IIIC, or IVMa (equivalent staging at time of enrollment) metastatic melanoma which is eligible for complete surgical resection
Unfit to receive study treatment or subsequent surgical resection
All disease should be deemed resectable based on imaging studies e.g.:\r\n* Hepatic metastases (unilateral or bilateral =<  lesions, =<  cm total diameter)\r\n** Note: Hepatic lesions must be amenable to complete resection\r\n* Primary peritoneal metastases (small disease load =< P disease) without intestinal obstruction\r\n* Lung metastases (=<  unilateral/bilateral,  cm total diameter)\r\n** Note: lung lesions must be amenable to complete resection\r\n* Note: Patients with both pulmonary and hepatic metastases will be enrolled at the discretion of the principal investigator (PI)\r\n* Note: In situations where resection to completeness of cytoreduction score (CC)  or  is uncertain, patients may undergo diagnostic laparoscopy prior to enrollment to determine feasibility of resection
Completed an R or R surgical resection as determined by pathology
Evidence of disease recurrence or metastasis following surgical resection at any time prior to the first vaccination administration; most patients will undergo restaging midway through adjuvant chemotherapy and at the completion of therapy; however, timing of imaging is at the discretion of the patients medical oncologist
Patients who have undergone resection of primary disease.
Patient must have stage I NSCLC and is not undergoing surgical resection
Must have recovered (i.e., =< grade  or at baseline) from adverse events of any previous treatment; note: surgical resection for recurrent tumor prior to enrollment is allowed
Patients are only eligible if complete resection of a plexiform neurofibroma with acceptable morbidity is not feasible, or if a patient with surgical option refuses surgery
An interval of at least  weeks (to registration) between prior surgical resection or one week for stereotactic biopsy
Patients must be undergoing surgery that is clinically indicated as determined by their care providers; patients must be eligible for surgical resection with the expectation that the surgeon is able to resect at least  mg of tumor with low risk of inducing neurological injury
prior surgical procedures affecting absorption including total gastric resection;
Scheduled date of surgical resection that would limit the amount of time taking the intervention to less than  days
Patients with histologically or cytologically confirmed, resectable colon cancer and other resectable cancers without distant metastases, who are candidates for surgical resection of the tumor
Patients must have undergone prior standard therapy for their primary disease; for patients with glioblastoma, this would include surgical resection or biopsy, if safe resection was not permitted due to the tumor location, radiation and adjuvant temozolomide; for patients with anaplastic astrocytoma, this would include surgical resection, radiation and adjuvant chemotherapy (procarbazine, lomustine and vincristine [PCV] or temozolomide)
Patients must be registered within  weeks of most recent resection
Patients must be surgical resection candidates
Patients must have clinical indication for standard-of-care surgical resection of relapsed PFEPN tumor for enrollment in Stratum 
Surgical consultation at enrolling site to confirm that patient will be able to undergo curative resection after completion of chemoradiation =<  days prior to registration\r\n* Tumor is amenable to standard resection and reconstruction
Have disease amenable to surgical resection
For patients who will participate in the optional DSF pharmacokinetic study, they should be eligible for surgical resection for which at least . cubic cm or approximately  mg of tumor will be removed in additional to tumor specimen required for pathology evaluation; patients enrolled after undergoing surgical resection or biopsy with histologically confirmed GBM are not required to meet this point of inclusion
Willing to defer definitive surgery for one week while taking DSF and Cu; patients who declined the optional pre-operative pharmacokinetic study or enrolled after undergoing surgical resection or biopsy with histologically confirmed GBM are not required to meet this point of inclusion
Prior therapy < than  weeks since surgical re-resection or biopsy
The patient is not eligible for a complete surgical resection of their disease as evaluated by a radiologist and/or surgeon.
Patient may undergo surgical resection prior to reirradiation
Patients with brain metastases for whom complete surgical resection is clinically appropriate
Patient has undergone major surgical resection within  weeks prior to enrollment
PHASE II DOSE EXPANSION IN RECURRENT GBM UNDERGOING RESECTION: Be at first relapse; Note: relapse is defined as progression following initial therapy (i.e., radiation, chemotherapy, or radiation plus (+) chemotherapy); if the participant had a surgical resection for relapsed disease and no antitumor therapy instituted for up to  weeks, this is considered one relapse; for participants who had prior therapy for a lower grade glioma, the surgical diagnosis of glioblastoma or gliosarcoma will be considered first relapse
PHASE I: A baseline brain MRI must be obtained no more than  days (+  working days) prior to study enrollment; the patient must either be on no steroids or a stable dose of dexamethasone no greater than  mg a day for at least  days prior to entrance onto the study; patients having undergone recent surgery are eligible as long as they are at least  weeks from resection or  week from stereotactic biopsy, and recovering from any operative or perioperative complications; no measurable disease post resection will be required
PHASE : Patients having undergone recent surgery are eligible as long as they are at least  weeks from resection or  week from stereotactic biopsy, and recovering from any operative or perioperative complications; no measurable disease post resection will be required
Subjects must have had a definitive resection with residual radiographic contrast enhancement on post-resection CT or MRI of less than or equal to  cm in any two perpendicular planes on any images
Local surgical resection is not possible due to tumor or patient factors
Disease is termed unresectable or the patient refuses resection
Patients with solid tumors or lymphoma must have  or more tumors accessible to biopsy or resection, including biopsy allowing multiple cores from at least  lesion (fine needle aspiration is excluded), incisional or excisional biopsy, and/or resection. Note: Patients with resectable brain metastases must be undergoing planned resection. Patients with rHGG must be undergoing planned subtotal or gross total resection.
Complete surgical resection of the primary NSCLC is mandatory. All gross disease must have been removed at the end of surgery. All surgical margins of resection must be negative for tumour.
Prior history of rectal resection
Patients must have a lesion amenable to resection for the generation of TIL on MD Anderson protocol -
Patients who are not eligible for resection and are chemotherapy nave
Patients must be eligible for surgical resection of their breast cancer or repeat biopsy after completing  days of treatment
Patients must:\r\n* Be scheduled to undergo a standard-of-care resection of tumor tissue as part of treatment plan prior to beginning study therapy OR pre-treatment biopsy; patients may not have intervening systemic anti-cancer therapy between the time of resection/biopsy and treatment with nivolumab\r\n* Have collection of adequate pre-treatment tissue for correlative analysis defined as sufficient material for ) frozen tissue for deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)/ribonucleic acid (RNA) extraction, ) formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) material for immunohistochemistry (IHC); adequacy of collected material will be determined within  business days of each collected case\r\n* Have measurable by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version (v) . (those undergoing pre-treatment resection must have imaging assessment after resection to determine measurability)\r\n** Previously irradiated sites of tumor may be considered measurable if there is radiographic progression at that site subsequent to the time of completing radiation\r\n* Have a safely biopsiable tumor lesion
Resection: at least  weeks from the last surgical resection, prior to start study drug
Confirmation by a surgeon that the patient is able to undergo a low anterior resection with total mesorectal excision =<  days prior to registration
Primary surgeon indicates the need for an abdominal perineal resection (APR) at baseline
Complete surgical resection of the primary NSCLC is also mandatory. All gross disease must have been removed at the end of surgery. All surgical margins of resection must be negative for tumour. Resection may be accomplished by open or VATS techniques Note: Patients with synchronous primary tumours will not be eligible due to the potential uncertainty regarding their appropriate PD-L status. Prior Systemic Therapy:
Patients must have histologically or cytologically confirmed stage IIIB/C melanoma; the definition of resectability can be determined by the patients surgical oncologist and verified via discussion at multidisciplinary tumor conference attended by melanoma medical and surgical oncology staff; resectable tumors are defined as having no significant vascular, neural or bony involvement; only cases where a complete surgical resection with tumor-free margins can safely be achieved are defined as resectable
Patient must have undergone gross total resection, subtotal resection, or biopsy with the extent of resection determined by the treating neurosurgeon, and must begin radiation within  weeks of this procedure
Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) on TORS resection of the primary cancer
Not a candidate for surgical resection according to the local guidelines for resection and in the Investigator's judgment.
Symptomatic brain metastases; symptoms may be present from the surgical lesion prior to resection or LITT but must have resolved by the time of administration of study drug
Patients with brain metastases for whom complete surgical resection is clinically appropriate
Ineligible for surgical resection
Prior surgical resection of targeted tumor
Able to get a Whipple resection per surgeon assessment performed within  weeks of registration
Subjects deemed surgically unresectable or subjects unwilling to undergo surgical resection
Recurrent disease/progression after receiving all standard treatments, which must include the following:\r\n* Surgical resection, if possible\r\n* Definitive radiation therapy for unresectable meningioma, or for recurrent meningioma after resection
Previous treatment for glioblastoma must include surgery (biopsy, partial resection, or full surgical resection), conventional radiation therapy and temozolomide (TMZ)
Patients receiving SRS to resection bed
Surgical margins that cannot be microscopically assessed or are positive at pathological evaluation; a focally positive margin determined to be at an anatomic boundary of resection by the surgeon, such as posterior fascia for posterior margins and skin for anterior margins, is also acceptable; if surgical margins are rendered free of disease by re-excision, the patient is eligible
Subjects must be able and willing to schedule surgical resection of their tumor  or more weeks following the start of the study agent
Tumor types  tumor type/location:\r\n* Stratum A: Patients with a recurrent ependymoma with the primary site in the posterior fossa; patients may have non-bulky asymptomatic, metastatic disease; patients may have undergone surgical resection or debulking prior to enrollment\r\nStratum B: Patients with a recurrent ependymoma with the primary site outside the posterior fossa; patients may have non-bulky asymptomatic, metastatic disease; patients may have undergone surgical resection or debulking prior to enrollment
Patients must have a life expectancy of at least  weeks, a Zubrod performance status of =<  and be willing and medically able to undergo surgical resection
Patients will be excluded if they have had prior surgical resection of metastatic cancer from the brain
Patients must have been previously treated with surgical resection (any extent okay) and radiation therapy plus temozolomide
Participants must plan to begin radiation therapy - days after surgical resection
Patients with brain metastases for whom complete surgical resection is clinically appropriate
Participants in Study Part C must have HR+ breast cancer, NSCLC, or melanoma with brain lesions clinically indicated for surgical resection as well as consent to provide tissue for drug concentration determination after  to  days of study drug dosing.
For Part C (surgical): Have metastatic brain lesion(s) for which surgical resection is clinically indicated.
Have completed local therapy (surgical resection, WBRT, or SRS) ? days prior to initiating abemaciclib and recovered from all acute effects.
Require immediate local therapy, including but not limited to WBRT, SRS, or surgical resection, for treatment of brain metastases.
Surgical margins that cannot be microscopically assessed or are positive at pathologic evaluation; (if surgical margins are rendered free of disease by reexcision, the patient is eligible)
The tumor has been excised with a breast-conserving resection and there is no tumor seen at any of the margins of the resection
Initial surgical resection of the paranasal sinuses or nasal cavity region rendering the patient clinically and radiologically disease free.
Surgical procedure may have been complete resection, partial resection, or biopsy
Patient has to start gefitinib within  weeks of hepatic resection with full recovery
Patients must be candidates for planned surgical resection of their primary rectal cancer  -  weeks after completion of neoadjuvant chemoRT, even if stage IV.
Tumor accessible for injection that is classified as borderline-resectable or locally advanced but considered potentially resectable after central review by surgical investigators. Resection may include major vascular resection with reconstruction as needed.
Candidates for a Whipple resection; candidates of the Whipple resection will be excluded based on the written recommendations by surgery, oncology, and/or the patients primary care physician
Microscopically complete resection, defined as no evidence of microscopic residual disease based on surgical reports, histopathology and post-operative imaging. Detailed pathological and surgical reports prepared according to guidelines detailed in appendix x and y should be available for assessment.
Scheduled to undergo surgical resection in  weeks or longer
Pathological diagnosis of DCIS requiring surgical resection
Undergone complete resection of primary tumour
Patients who are eligible for surgical resection of the primary breast cancer and targeted dissection of the axilla
Surgical resection must be planned as primary therapy with expected adjuvant radiation therapy. Patients are eligible with previous surgical intervention if they have residual or recurrent disease, and it is greater than  weeks since surgery and they have fully recovered from surgery.
Must have undergone a surgical resection with definitive intent, either by open or laparoscopic resection of the primary gastric or GE junction cancer. Patients must have undergone a total gastrectomy, subtotal gastrectomy, or distal gastrectomy (depending on the location of primary gastric lesion) with at least a modified D lymphadenectomy.
Patients must be treated within  weeks of most recent resection.
Patients must be eligible for surgical resection of their breast cancer or repeat biopsy after completing treatment
Participants must be at first relapse of GBM; relapse is defined as progression following initial therapy (i.e. radiation+/- chemo if that was used as initial therapy); the intent therefore is that patients had no more than  prior therapy (initial treatment); if the patient had a surgical resection for relapsed disease and no anti-cancer therapy was instituted for up to  weeks, and the patient undergoes another surgical resection, this is considered to constitute  relapse
Tumor recurrence or progression documented after previously failing surgical resection, chemotherapy or radiation
Patients with oral cavity cancer are excluded from participation if the patient is medically operable and resection of the primary tumor is considered technically feasible by an oral or head and neck cancers surgical subspecialist;(please consult the surgical oncology co-principal investigator [PI], Steven Chang, Doctor of Medicine [MD], if clarification is needed on an individual case)
Patients must have a primary tumor that are determined by multidisciplinary team (medical oncology, orthopedic/surgical oncology, and radiation oncology) to require radiation therapy for optimal management prior to surgical resection
Patients must have at least one of the following high risk pathologic features:\r\n* Extracapsular nodal extension\r\n* Invasive cancer at the primary tumor resection margin (tumor on ink); Note: Patients who have a positive margin and undergo re-resection with final negative margin are eligible only if they can be enrolled within  days of initial gross total resection AND extracapsular nodal extension was also present; patients who have a positive margin and undergo re-resection with final negative margin and do not have extracapsular nodal extension, are NOT eligible
ARM A: Patient for whom surgical resection or liver transplantation would be more appropriate
ARM B: Patient for whom surgical resection or liver transplantation would be more appropriate
An interval of >=  weeks since surgical resection prior to study treatment
Patients must not be eligible for curative liver resection or has refused resection
Stereotactic biopsy (without further resection)
Complete surgical resection of metastatic disease (lymph node, in transit, satellite lesion[s], distant metastases) with negative margins on resected specimens as confirmed by pathologic review has not been performed, but is deemed feasible by the treating surgical oncologist; surgical resection of the primary melanoma may or may not have been performed
Prior resection of lung cancer is allowed, if at least five years have elapsed between previous resection and registration
More than  weeks between resection and radiosurgical procedure
Patients who may benefit from surgical resection
All disease should be deemed resectable based on imaging studies e.g.:\r\n* Hepatic metastases (unilateral or bilateral =<  lesions, =<  cm total diameter)\r\n** Note: Hepatic lesions must be amenable to complete resection\r\n* Primary peritoneal metastases (small disease load =< P disease) without massive ascites or intestinal obstruction\r\n* Lung metastases (=<  unilateral/bilateral,  cm total diameter)\r\n** Note: lung lesions must be amenable to complete resection\r\n** Note: Patients with both pulmonary and hepatic metastases will be enrolled at the discretion of the principal investigator (PI)\r\n** Note: In situations where resection to completeness of cytoreduction score (CC)  or  is uncertain, patients may undergo diagnostic laparoscopy prior to enrollment to determine feasibility of resection
Patients with positive or close (<  mm) resection margins
Inoperable tumor or residual disease after resection
Patients must have had surgical resection at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), for which a separate informed consent was signed for the collection of their tumor prior to surgery
Surgical consultation to confirm that patient will be able to undergo curative resection after completion of chemoradiation within  days prior to step  registration
Patients must have undergone surgical resection with curative intent within  months of enrollment; neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy, radiation, and/or chemoradiation will be allowed as long as no more than  months have passed between surgical resection and enrollment; if patients receive sequential chemotherapy and radiation, they are allowed  months between surgical resection and enrollment
Patient must have undergone surgical resection to remove one or more sites of metastatic disease, with successful removal of all known sites - weeks prior to randomization; any number of prior metastasectomies may have been performed in the past, so long as the most recent procedure was within the  weeks of registration; the most recent procedure may be nephrectomy for a renal primary tumor
Clinical staged III or IV HNSCC that is not amenable to surgical resection
Patients who are receiving adjuvant chemoradiation after surgical resection of the primary site of disease
The recurrent or the second primary tumor is unresectable, the patient elects against surgical resection; patients who underwent surgery who has indications for postoperative radiation therapy is also eligible
Patients must have undergone a full surgical resection (radical nephrectomy or partial nephrectomy), including removal of all clinically positive nodes; surgical margins must be negative; patients with positive renal vein margins are eligible unless there is invasion of the renal vein wall at the margin (provided no other margins are positive); patients must plan to start study drug within  days after the date of full surgical resection; patients must have recovered from any surgical related complications
Gross total resection of the primary tumor with curative intent must be completed within  weeks of registration with surgical pathology demonstrating one or more of the following intermediate risk factors:\r\n* Perineural invasion\r\n* Lymphovascular invasion\r\n* Single lymph node >  cm or >=  lymph nodes (all <  cm) (no extracapsular extension)\r\n* Close margin(s) of resection, defined as cancer extending to within  mm of a surgical margin, and/or an initially focally positive margin that is subsequently superseded by intraoperative negative margins; similarly, patients whose tumors had focally positive margins in the main specimen but negative margins from re-excised samples in the region of the positive margin are eligible; for questions or ambiguities about an individual case, contact Dr. Machtay and/or Dr. Holsinger prior to enrolling the patient\r\n* Pathologically confirmed T or Ta primary tumor; for questions or ambiguities about an individual case, contact Dr. Machtay and/or Dr. Holsinger prior to enrolling the patient\r\n* T oral cavity cancer with >  mm depth of invasion
The patient must have had an en bloc complete gross resection of tumor (curative resection) by open laparotomy or laparoscopically-assisted colectomy. The distal extent of the tumor must have been greater than or equal to  cm from the anal verge. (Patients who have had a two-stage surgical procedure to first provide a decompression colostomy and then in a later procedure to have a surgical resection are eligible.)
Measurable disease or non-measurable disease; extent of resection: patients with complete resection, partial resection, or biopsy are eligible
Prior liver resection must have taken > months prior to randomization
An interval of >=  weeks since surgical resection prior to entry in to the trial
Patients must be able to undergo surgical resection of their tumor as determined by the treating surgeon
Surgical resection or major surgery within  weeks or stereotactic biopsy within  week of first G- treatment
Patients who underwent an R resection are not eligible
Stage IIIB, IIIC, IVMa, IVMb, or IVMc disease that is not suitable for surgical resection
Surgical resection within  days of first dosing
Subjects who have undergone recent resection of recurrent or progressive tumor will be eligible as long as all of the following conditions apply: \r\n* Prior to initiating therapy,  weeks must have elapsed since surgery; \r\n* Subjects must have recovered from surgical-related trauma; \r\n* Wound healing needs to have occurred
Patients may have had surgical resection of some or all sites of hepatoblastoma prior to enrollment
Patients must begin radiation therapy within  days of surgery or radiographic diagnosis, whichever is the later date; date of surgery or radiographic diagnosis is considered day  (radiation treatment must start no later than day ); if a patient has a biopsy followed by a surgical resection then the date of the surgical resection is considered day 
Baseline MRI must be obtained ?  weeks after surgical resection but within  weeks prior to randomization.
Circumferential resection margin: CRM+ (Positive)
Prior surgical resection and radiation therapy for the progressive meningioma are not required for study enrollment
Diagnosis must be made by surgical excision, either partial or complete; stereotactic biopsy will not be allowed; maximal safe surgical resection is required
Current diagnosis of histological or cytopathological HNSCC malignancy borderline resectable stage III up to stage IVb (T-, N-, M) or unresectable stage IV with high nodal status defined as >= Nb (by the American Joint Committee on Cancer [AJCC] th Edition Staging) that is amenable or appropriate for curative treatment; borderline resectability is assessed; NOTE: surgical unresectability will be defined as the combination of the treating surgeons judgment of unresectability plus one of the following objective criteria:\r\n* Encasement of tumor or nodes to the carotid artery or / encasement of the carotid artery\r\n* Involvement of prevertebral musculature\r\n* Need for glossectomy or extensive glossal resection where functional outcome is considered unacceptable to surgeon or patient\r\n* Involvement of the cervical spine\r\n* Severe, unacceptable functional deficit that would result from any proposed definitive surgical resection\r\n** NOTE: the principal investigator (PI) of the study, Dr. Mendez, is a surgical ear, nose and throat (ENT) (head and neck) oncologist and all HNSCC cases will be discussed at the University of Washington/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance weekly tumor conference where two other ENT surgical oncologists, and co-investigators in this study, will help assess resectability; as surgical unresectability may vary from patient to patient based on individual anatomy, treating physicians may, with the approval of the surgical team, declare a tumor not meeting the above criteria to be unresectable; in this case, the reason for unresectability should be documented in the medical record; medical co-morbidity and poor performance status may not be used to declare a patient unresectable
Cohort  patients must have had a complete resection of all sites of metastatic disease within  days prior to enrollment\r\n* Patients will only be eligible after they have undergone complete surgical resection of suspected metastatic disease that is histopathologically confirmed to be osteosarcoma prior to enrollment\r\n** Note: the definition of complete resections is: gross resection of all disease as per the operating surgeon; post-operative imaging is not required for confirmation of complete resection\r\n* Patients must undergo resection of any lung lesion meeting criteria for likely metastatic disease, defined as: \r\n**  or more lesions >  mm in diameter OR a single lesion >  cm\r\n* Patients with lung as the only site of resected metastatic disease must have refused participation in protocol AOST\r\n** Note: this applies if AOST is open to enrollment at the enrolling institution on the day the patient consents
Patients who have undergone resection of primary disease
An interval of at least  weeks (to start of study agent) between prior surgical resection or one week for stereotactic biopsy
R or R resection
Documented tumor recurrence or progression after failing prior surgical resection, chemotherapy, or radiation
Subjects are only eligible if complete resection of a plexiform neurofibroma with acceptable morbidity is not feasible, or if a subject with surgical option refuses surgery
No plans for surgical resection
Submission of research blood draw to be stored until after surgical resection of the primary tumor and confirmation of human papilloma virus (HPV) positivity (Mayo Clinic Rochester patients only)
Patient must not have an intercurrent illness likely to interfere with protocol therapy or prevent surgical resection
Cohorts  and : In addition, patients have to meet one of the following high risk conditions: \r\n* Age >=  with any extent resection \r\n* Age - with incomplete resection (post-op MRI showing >  cm residual disease, based on the maximum dimension of residual T or fluid-attenuated inversion recovery [FLAIR] abnormality from the edge of the surgical cavity either laterally, anteroposteriorly, or superoinferiorly)\r\n* Age - with neurosurgeon-defined gross total resection (GTR) but the tumor size is >=  cm (the maximum preoperative tumor diameter, based on the axial and/or coronal T or FLAIR magnetic resonance [MR] images)
Have histologically confirmed epithelial or biphasic MPM not amenable to potentially curative surgical resection (subjects with biphasic tumors that have a predominantly (?%) sarcomatoid component will be excluded)
Has failed prior standard therapy including maximal safe surgical resection, radiation therapy (when appropriate for the specific cancer type), and systemic therapy\r\n* For diagnosis of GBM: has undergone maximal safe surgical resection, a course of postoperative radiation therapy with concurrent temozolomide, and maintenance temozolomide\r\n* For diagnosis of meningioma: has no other option of standard therapy such as surgical resection (partial or total resection) or radiation
Willing to schedule definitive resection of DCIS - weeks after study enrollment
Patients with evidence of soft tissue involvement by gross extranodal extension of tumor manifest by fixation to the fascia, or matting of nodal tissue that would compromise surgical resection as determined by the surgical oncologist
Prior surgical resection allowed
It is anticipated that patients who have intracranial disease amenable to surgery will have measurable CNS disease prior to study entry and to resection; however, this is not an eligibility requirement; measurable disease is also not required to continue on protocol subsequent to surgical resection
Resection cavity must measure < . cm in maximal extent on the post-operative MRI or CT brain scan obtained =<  days prior to pre-registration; Note: it is permissible for the resection of a dominant brain metastasis to include a smaller satellite metastasis as long as the single resection cavity is less than the maximum size requirements
Local failure after surgical resection will be considered a metastatic lesion for purposes of protocol inclusion
There is a planned definitive surgical resection of the primary tumor
Patients must meet the following criteria for unresectability as determined by two hepatobiliary surgeons and one radiologist:\r\n* When a margin negative resection would require resection of all three hepatic veins, both portal veins, or the retrohepatic vena cava\r\n* Requiring a resection that leaves less than  hepatic segments (not including the caudate lobe) behind with adequate arterial/portal inflow, venous outflow and biliary drainage\r\n** A patient is considered resectable if the procedure includes a minor wedge or thermo-ablation encompassing % or less of the volume of the remaining  segments\r\n* Patients liver metastases must comprise < % of the liver parenchyma; all patients must be clinically fit to undergo surgery as determined by the pre-operative evaluation
Patients should not be candidates for further surgical resection or definitive tumor-directed radiation therapy (XRT) based upon prior therapies and/or extent of disease at recurrence
Histologically documented malignant pleural mesothelioma, epithelial, sarcomatoid or mixed type, not amenable to surgical resection
Participants must have undergone biopsy or attempted surgical resection and\r\nmust have histologically confirmed medulloblastoma or pineoblastoma; confirmation\r\nof pathology at treating institution is preferred prior to beginning study treatment, but may be received two weeks after radiation start
Patients must be considered candidates for SRS within  days of surgical resection
Has previously undergone a rectal resection.
Failure of prior therapy is defined as:\r\n* A > % increase in the products of perpendicular diameters of measurable tumor masses during prior therapy which are not amenable to surgical resection\r\n* The presence of new tumors which are not amenable to surgical resection\r\n* An increase in AFP or beta-hCG (two separate determinations at least one week apart are required if rising tumor markers are the only evidence of failure)\r\nNOTE: subjects with clinically growing teratoma (normal declining tumor markers and radiographic or clinical progression) should be considered for surgery
Patients with tumors whose resection would necessitate a free-tissue transfer for reconstruction of the surgical defect
R or R resection
No plans for surgical resection
Must be surgical candidates as deemed fit by surgeon
Brain biopsy or resection;
Previously undergone surgical resection of the cholangiocarcinoma
Patients must be those for whom surgical resection is clinically indicated; the intent of surgical resection may include debulking or attempt to resect as much of the tumor as safely feasible; if a gross total or near total resection is not feasible, HSV injection into the wall of the resection cavity, encompassing residual tumor, is permissible
Have had anti-cancer treatment following liver resection that exceeded a duration of  months.
Have been treated with biologics (eg, antibodies targeting VEGFR or EGFR) after liver resection unless the administration of the biologic started prior to liver resection and continued after liver resection only to complete a pre-specified number of cycles.
Resection declined by surgical staff based on designation of LAPC
Patients in the surgical arm only: patients with recurrent glioblastoma must be eligible for surgical resection as deemed by the site Investigator.
Received maximal, safe, surgical resection
Patients must not have other concurrent uncontrolled malignancies, defined as a malignancy that currently requires therapy or other intervention. Patients with suspected cuSCCs should have them excised prior to study registration. Surgical resection should not be performed within  days of starting protocol therapy.
TREATMENT: Patients who were initially rendered NED by surgical resection must remain NED at the time of treatment
Resection of all pTa/pT papillary disease
Any major thoracic (thoracotomy with lung or esophageal resection) or abdominal (laparotomy with organ resection) operation must have occurred at least  days before study enrollment; patients who have undergone diagnostic video assisted thoracoscopy (VATS) or laparoscopy can be included in the study
Non-surgical candidates, who may be able to undergo resection of selected single, individual lesion, but may not tolerate extensive surgery, may have many co morbidities, may be prone to complications
CNS disease requiring immediate neurosurgery intervention (e.g., resection, shunt placement, etc.)
Eligible patients are expected to have a complete resection based on preoperative imaging; any patient not found to be able to have complete resection will not be eligible for this study
For patients who have undergone resection of recurrent or progressive tumor prior to study enrollment, the following conditions must apply:
Patients enrolling in the retreatment cohort may have experienced localized disease progression that was treated with definitive therapy to return the patient to a state of stable disease. Examples include localized disease progression treated with complete surgical resection, a solitary brain metastasis treated with complete surgical resection or curative intent stereotactic radiosurgery, or a solitary bone metastasis that is treated with curative-dose radiation therapy.
For patients who have undergone or will undergo open resection of recurrent or progressive tumor, residual disease following resection is not mandated for eligibility into the study; to best assess the extent of residual disease post-resection, a MRI scan should be done no later than  hours in the immediate post-resection period and within  days prior to registration; if the -hour scan is more than  days before registration, the scan needs to be repeated; if the steroid dose is increased more than % between the date of imaging and registration, a new baseline MRI is required on a stable or decreasing steroid dosage for at least  days
If the patient had a surgical resection for relapsed disease and no anti-cancer therapy was instituted for up to  weeks, and the patient undergoes another surgical resection, this is considered one relapse; for patients who had prior therapy for a low-grade glioma, the surgical diagnosis of the recurrent tumor as GBM will be considered the first relapse
Must be surgical candidates as deemed fit by surgeon
Require hepatic resection due to trauma.
HCC patients only: Cancer potentially amenable to local modalities of therapy or surgical resection (phase I)
Cancer potentially amenable to local modalities of therapy or surgical resection
Single brain metastasis status post surgical resection with =<  cc of residual enhancing tumor
Resection cavity volume on planning scan of =<  cc
Resection cavity volume >  cc
More than  weeks between resection and radiosurgical procedure
Completion of multimodality therapy; this must include surgical resection by either pleurectomy/decortication or extrapleural pneumonectomy; the surgery should be performed with the intent of complete resection, though patients with an R resection will still be eligible; patients should have also received treatment with chemotherapy and/or radiation; patients with an R resection are also eligible as long as the site of residual disease is treated post-operatively with radiotherapy
Randomization must occur ?  weeks after complete surgical resection.
Unequivocal and measurable CT evidence of liver metastases which are not treatable by surgical resection or local ablation.
Subjects with surgically unsalvageable disease (eg, sacral, spinal GCTB, or multiple lesions including pulmonary metastases) OR subjects whose planned surgery includes joint resection, limb amputation, hemipelvectomy or surgical procedure resulting in severe morbidity
Surgical resection of all gross disease\r\n* This assessment will be made by the local investigator based on review of the operative report, pathology results, and/or radiology reports; microscopically positive margins (e.g. R resection) are permitted
Treatment with bevacizumab may not be initiated until  weeks after surgical resection or radiation therapy completion
Prior surgical resection for brain metastases
Prior resection of cerebral metastases
Patients scheduled for surgical resection
Patients can receive chemoradiotherapy preoperatively prior to surgical resection or as definitive/primary chemoradiotherapy
COHORT B SPECIFIC INCLUSION: Patients must have relapsed/progressed following therapy (consisting of at least maximum feasible surgical resection and radiation therapy)
Patients undergoing open liver resection without bowel resection/anastomosis for malignancy at MD Anderson Cancer Center
Planning to receive surgical resection at MGH (including both curative and palliative resections)
Patients undergoing any resection requiring an anastomosis to the esophagus for palliative intent
Undergoing surgical resection with pancreaticoduodenectomy (Whipple)
An interval of at least  weeks between prior surgical resection and study enrollment
Patients may have had prior therapy for brain metastasis, including radiosurgery and surgical resection; patients must have completed prior therapy by at least  days prior to Step  for surgical resection and  days for radiosurgery
Need for vascular resection/reconstruction
Patient without chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy as part of cancer treatment (e.g., surgical resection only patients are not-eligible)
Incomplete tumor resection (R resection, grossly positive resection margin)
Surgery for bowel resection (including esophagus to rectum), pancreatic resection, or peritoneal surface malignancy resection
Tumor resection candidates
Patients who require any type of pancreas resection other than a distal pancreatectomy
Have undergone surgical debulking
Newly diagnosed with a primary invasive colorectal adenocarcinoma (all stages) and have a resection at any hospital in Ohio between // and //\r\n* For individuals who have neoadjuvant treatment and show a complete response at resection, the tumor screening will be attempted on their original biopsy (even if it occurred in ) as long as their resection occurred between // and //\r\n* Many individuals with stage IV CRC will not have a resection; therefore, the tumor screening will be attempted on their original biopsy as long as their primary diagnosis occurred between // and //; if only metastatic CRC is available on a biopsy, tumor screening will be attempted on the metastatic tissue
Newly diagnosed with a primary invasive endometrial cancer (any histology except sarcoma) and have a resection between // and // exclusively at Ohio State University (OSU)\r\n* For individuals who have neoadjuvant treatment and show a complete response at resection, the tumor screening will be attempted on their original biopsy (even if it occurred in ) as long as their resection occurred between // and //
Patients must be registered between  days and  days (inclusive) of primary resection; patients must show no evidence of disease (NED) based on post-operative colonoscopy (performed at least  days after the colon resection date or at least  days after the rectal resection date and prior to registration) and computed tomography (CT) scans* of chest, abdomen and pelvis (performed at least  days after the colon resection date or at least  days after the rectal resection date and prior to registration); patients with adenomas detected at the one-year postoperative colonoscopy are eligible if all adenomas have been completely removed\r\n* CT scan is for high risk patients, as per National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines and at the discretion of the treating physician\r\n* NOTE: magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation is an acceptable alternative to CT scans for eligibility purposes
Patient treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy prior to surgical resection, AND/OR placement of a biliary stent and/or drain for biliary tree decompression
Patient has evidence of current mucositis, mucosal ulceration, or unhealed surgical wounds from surgical resection or biopsy
Patients who have received a single dose of mitomycin C following staging trans-urethral resection (TUR)
The lesion plus the resection margin should not exceed . cm circumferentially; planned to undergo surgical treatment by resection without flap reconstruction and without neck dissection
No evidence of disease (in situ or invasive cancer that would normally be treated by resection) at trial entry as determined by the investigator
Patients with lung lesions undergoing anatomic resection (lobectomy/segmentectomy/bilobectomy/pulmonary sleeve resection/pneumonectomy) OR
Subjects who do not wish to have subsequent surgical resection
Suspected malignancy scheduled to be treated with surgical resection at the sarcoma or cancer center of participating sites
Resection: tumor must be judged suitable for resection on the basis of imaging studies
Subjects with suspected brain tumors undergoing surgical removal as their standard of care will be eligible; these may include subjects' status post chemotherapy and/or radiation or subjects who have undergone diagnostic biopsy for their original diagnosis and are felt to be candidates for resection
Subjects must be eligible for resection as determined by the operating surgeon
Participation in this trial will not significantly alter pre-surgical, surgical or post-surgical care
Patients must be surgical candidates
Subjects must be willing to undergo surgical biopsy and/or resection of indeterminate pulmonary nodule(s)
Patients who require and agree to surgical resection of their evolving post-treatment brain lesion (a clinical decision made prior to and independent of enrollment in this study)
Positive surgical margins
Kinetic Studies Arm only:\r\n* Participant with a suspected or confirmed cancer diagnosis who is scheduled for surgical resection, biopsy, or chemotherapy treatment\r\n* One or more tumor sites measuring >=  cm in the shortest transaxial diameter by CT
Subject has a tumor that will undergo upfront resection
Standard of care surgical resection and/or stereotactic biopsy of the brain tumor planned using the FDOPA-PET/MRI study
Is being evaluated for surgical resection of the mass
Medical contraindications to low anterior resection or abdominoperineal resection
Patients who have had primary surgical excision
Surgical resection, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or biologic therapy since last Octreoscan + CT; continuation of the same dose of SandostatinLAR or subcutaneous Sandostatin is allowed
Surgical resection, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or biologic therapy since last Octreoscan + CT; continuation of the same dose of Sandostatin-LAR or subcutaneous Sandostatin is allowed
Subjects must be deemed eligible for resection by a surgeon who is listed as an Investigator in this study
Participants with any extent of resection are eligible
Patients must have received prior surgical resection and radiation therapy for the progressive meningioma
An interval of at least  weeks (to start of study agent) between prior surgical resection or one week for stereotactic biopsy
Subjects with suspected brain tumors undergoing surgical removal as their standard of care will be eligible; these may include subjects status post chemotherapy and/or radiation or subjects who have undergone diagnostic biopsy for their original diagnosis and are felt to be candidates for resection
Subjects must be eligible for resection as determined by the operating surgeon
Planned for treatment with radiation, chemotherapy and surgical resection or any of these treatment strategies combined
OR a brain lesion that is concerning for malignancy for which histopathological confirmation is anticipated following enrollment (e.g., biopsy or surgical resection of the tumor is scheduled)
Tumor must be determined to be surgically resectable; surgical resection is planned to take place at University of California, San Francisco (UCSF)
For patients who have undergone surgical resection prior to joining the study, in whom baseline magnetic resonance (MR) images exhibit enough signal degradation (due to susceptibility artifact in the region of the surgical bed) such that the data are uninterpretable will be excluded
Patients are not required to have measurable disease; post-operative patients (patients who have had surgical resection of the lung) are eligible
Positive surgical margins, or
Patients must have a planned surgical resection of the rectum
Histologically proven stage -III carcinoma of the breast, status/post (s/p) surgical resection; radiation therapy and chemotherapy can have been administered, as indicated; concurrent aromatase inhibitor, tamoxifen, trastuzumab, and/or bisphosphonate therapy are permitted
Prior surgical evaluation and plan for surgical biopsy or surgery to remove the tumor being injected.
Planned surgical resection
Scheduled date of surgical resection that would limit the amount of time taking the intervention to less than  days
Patients scheduled for definitive HNC cancer surgical resection less than  days from enrollment or greater than five weeks from enrollment
the OSCC treatment plan includes surgical resection
Status post-surgical resection or definitive radiotherapy for recently diagnosed clinically suspicious or biopsy-proven early stage NSCLC
During clinicians pre-surgical evaluation, presents with high risk for non-therapeutic resection related to cancer diagnosis (PCS study)
Subjects must have histologically or cytologically confirmed esophageal, colorectal or pancreatic adenocarcinoma (inclusive of high grade dysplasia) on a biopsy prior to surgery and must be scheduled for surgical resection, inclusive of endoscopic mucosal resection, of the primary tumor. Subjects at any cancer stage will be enrolled.