Prior treatment with any VEGF inhibitor Previous exposure to pazopanib hydrochloride or a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) targeted kinase therapy, except for bevacizumab or VEGFR-Trap (Aflibercept) Patients may have received other vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) blocking tyrosine kinase inhibitors, provided that they did not progress while receiving one of these agents; patients may not have previously received pazopanib; patients must have recovered from any VEGF blocking drug-related toxicity (e.g., proteinuria); patients previously treated with irinotecan and/or temozolomide will be eligible for this study provided they did not progress while receiving one of these agents Participants may not have received prior therapy with any other Src, platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFR), or fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR) inhibitor; prior treatment with an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) or anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agent is also allowed but only one relapse following a bevacizumab-containing regimen is allowed There is no limit to number of prior treatments; prior bevacizumab is allowed unless it was discontinued due to unacceptable toxicity; prior therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors is allowed All patients may have had prior surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy; patients with prior vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor exposure will be placed in the bevacizumab exposed group (groups and ); prior treatment with Gliadel is permitted for all groups Subjects may have received bevacizumab, VEGF-Trap, or other VEGF blocking tyrosine kinase inhibitors, provided that they did not progress while receiving one of these agents. Subjects may not have previously received pazopanib. At least days must have elapsed since the completion of the last dose of VEGF-Trap, and at least days since a VEGF blocking tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Subjects must have recovered from any VEGF blocking drug-related toxicity (e.g., proteinuria). Prior treatment with bevacizumab or other agents targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or VEGF receptor (VEGFR) Prior treatment with an endothelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor is allowed if it was a part of prior curative therapy and was completed at least days prior to commencement of study therapy Prior treatment with bevacizumab or other direct VEGF/ VEGFR inhibitors. For any question of the definition of a direct VEGF/VEGFR inhibitor, consult Sponsor. Known history of allergy or intolerance which, in the opinion of the investigator, was an unacceptable adverse reaction attributed by the investigator to any prior anti-neoplastic therapy specifically targeting vascular endothelial growth factor or the VEGF receptor i.e. pazopanib (Votrient), bevacizumab (Avastin), sorafenib (Nexavar), sunitinib (Sutent), axitinib (Inlyta), etc. Previous bevacizumab or other vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or anti-angiogenic treatment. Any prior anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapies (i.e., sunitinib, sorafenib, pazopanib, axitinib, cabozantinib, bevacizumab, etc.), including in the adjuvant or neoadjuvant setting Plasma vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) > x upper limit of normal (ULN) Prior treatment with nintedanib or any other vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) inhibitor Patients who have received previous investigational agents or biologic therapy, such as tipifarnib, pirfenidone, Peg-intron, sorafenib, or other vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFR) inhibitors are eligible for enrollment All patients with unhealed wounds or fistulas should not be given vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibiting TKIs Prior treatment with nintedanib or any other vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) inhibitor, with the exception of treatment of prior malignancies with a VEGFR inhibitor Prior therapy with any agent targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) pathway to include bevacizumab, pazopanib, and other anti-angiogenesis inhibitors Patients may not have received prior treatment affecting the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway (including, but not limited to thalidomide, sunitinib, pazopanib, sorafenib, and nintedanib); bevacizumab used in the upfront setting in conjunction with chemotherapy and/or as maintenance to treat newly diagnosed disease will be allowed Two or more prior vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGF/VEGFR) targeted therapies. Patients with mCRC must have been previously treated with irinotecan and/or oxaliplatin and/or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapy or intolerant to these agents Use of Avastin or another vascular endothelial growth-factor (VEG-F) inhibitor prior to progression is not permitted Prior exposure to the investigational agent or anti-c-Met, anti-hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) or anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) directed therapy within six months prior to study entry Greater than two cycles of bevacizumab or any prior therapy with an inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) Prior receipt of bevacizumab or other vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) negative (-) or VEGF receptor-targeted agents Treatment with any of the following anti-cancer therapies: \r\n* Radiation therapy, surgery or tumor embolization within days prior to the first dose of pazopanib OR\r\n* Chemotherapy, immunotherapy, biologic therapy, investigational therapy or hormonal therapy within days or five half-lives of a drug (whichever is longer) prior to the first dose of pazopanib \r\n* Any prior treatment with pazopanib or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-targeting agents (eg. sorafenib, sunitinib, and bevacizumab) \r\n* Any prior treatment with gemcitabine Patients may not have previously failed treatment with a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor PHASE II: Patients must not have received prior therapy with sorafenib, everolimus, or related drugs such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors (except bevacizumab), or mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors Part : Has a histologically-confirmed adenocarcinoma originating from the colon or rectum (Stage American Joint Committee on Cancer [AJCC] th edition). Appendiceal cancer is included. AND Has experienced disease progression or was intolerant to at least and up to systemic chemotherapy regimen(s) for metastatic CRC that must have included fluroropyrimidines and irinotecan or oxaliplatin, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)(if indicated by RAS mutational status). Has received previous treatment with another agent targeting endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or the VEGF receptor Treatment with a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor within the last weeks Have mCRC that has been treated with currently approved standard therapies, including fluoropyrimidine-, oxaliplatin- and irinotecan-based chemotherapy, an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy, and, if Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) wild type, an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapy Renal cell patients must have had at least one prior vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) Prior treatment with bevacizumab or other anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs Previous exposure to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor(s) Up to lines of prior vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) targeted therapy are permitted; any prior therapy should have been completed >= weeks prior to start of study therapy Patients may have received bevacizumab, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-Trap, or other VEGF blocking tyrosine kinase inhibitors, but may not have received axitinib For stage GBM participants, no prior treatment with bevacizumab/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) inhibitors; prior treatment with bevacizumab/VEGFR inhibitors is allowed in stage for all participants, as well as stage endometrial and ovarian cancer participants Prior systemic therapies allowed, except for those treatments directed toward, or with activity against, c-Met or vascular endothelial growth factor/receptor (VEGF/R), and the chemotherapy agents temozolomide and dacarbazine; prior treatment must have been no earlier than weeks prior to starting treatment with cabozantinib with exceptions noted below and the following: at least weeks since prior hepatic infusion or at least weeks since radiation therapy Prior systemic treatment in the metastatic setting with Vascular epithelial growth factor(VEGF) or VEGF receptor targeted therapy Previous anti-angiogenics or anti-vascular endothelial growth factor within months of registration Prior or current use of systemic anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors, cytokines or mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors (e.g. interferon, interleukin ) Prior treatment:\r\n* No radiotherapy within days prior to pre-registration\r\n* No prior treatment with any anti-angiogenic agent targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway including but not limited to bevacizumab, cediranib, vandetanib, sunitinib, pazopanib, aflibercept or sorafenib\r\n* No prior treatment with HSPPC- or other investigational immunotherapy\r\n* Must have received prior treatment with radiotherapy and temozolomide for histologically confirmed GBM at initial diagnosis\r\n* No tumor directed therapy for most recent progression\r\n* No prior Gliadel wafers Prior exposure to bevacizumab or other VEGF- or VEGF-receptor-targeted agent within weeks of study start. Has received prior systemic anti-cancer therapy for RCC with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/VEGF receptors (VEGFR) or mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) targeting agents. Use of any vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeted therapy or previous use of regorafenib. Prior anti-angiogenic therapy including VEGF sequestering agents (i.e. bevacizumab, aflibercept, etc.) or VEGFR inhibitors (cedirinib, pazopanib, sunitinib, sorafenib, etc.); Has received any previous systemic therapy targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or VEGF receptor, or programmed death (PD) or PD-ligand / signaling pathways. Prior therapy with monoclonal antibodies or small molecule inhibitors against Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or VEGF receptors, including Avastin or Avastin biosimilar Have received prior anticancer therapy with monoclonal antibodies, signal transduction inhibitors, or any therapies targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), or VEGF receptor. Prior treatment with other small molecule inhibitors of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) within =< years of study enrollment Participant has a known sensitivity to agents of similar biologic composition as ramucirumab or other agents that specifically target vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) No prior treatment with BIBF or any other vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) inhibitor, not including bevacizumab The participant received previous treatment with agents targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/VEGF receptor signaling pathway. Has received anti-angiogenic or anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeted agents (e.g. bevacizumab, cediranib, aflibercept, vandetanib, XL-, sunitinib, etc.) Prior treatment with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) inhibitor One prior adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapy for completely resectable RCC if such therapy did not include an agent that targets vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or VEGF receptors and if recurrence occurred at least months after the last dose of adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapy Prior systemic treatment with VEGF or VEGF receptor targeted therapy (including, but not limited to, Sunitinib, Pazopanib, Axitinib, Tivozanib, and Bevacizumab) Prior treatment in the adjuvant or metastatic setting with any of the following:\r\n* Agents disrupting VEGF activity or targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR);\r\n* Ipilimumab;\r\n* Or taxane based chemotherapy regimens (including paclitaxel, docetaxel, cabazitaxel or nab-paclitaxel) Patients must not have been treated with any vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors Prior bevacizumab or other Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) or anti-angiogenic treatment (Cohort only) Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/VEGF receptor (VEGFR)-targeted or mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-targeted therapies: Must not have received prior exposure to lenvatinib; May have previously progressed on an mTOR inhibitor; No more than prior VEGF/VEGFR-targeted therapies (For Phase only); Must not have received prior VEGF/VEGFR-targeted therapy in combination with an mTOR inhibitor (For Phase only) Patients must not have received prior therapy with topotecan, pazopanib, or related drugs such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors (except bevacizumab); prior treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) that do not impact VEGF receptor (R) -, -, or -, platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) -a, -b of v-kit Hardy-Zuckerman feline sarcoma viral oncogene homolo (cKIT) could be allowed No prior treatment with an inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) Prior therapy with an inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or VEGF receptor (VEGFR) (including bevacizumab) Patients must have documented radiologic or clinical progressive disease following at least one prior anti-VEGF regimen administered either as a single agent or in combination with other agents for at least weeks; the prior anti-VEGF treatment regimen must have included bevacizumab, pazopanib, sorafenib or sunitinib administered not more than weeks before study entry; Note: enrollment not more than weeks after the last dose of anti-VEGF therapy is encouraged; nevertheless, intercurrent therapy with an mTOR inhibitor (everolimus or temsirolimus) will be allowed if progression on that treatment is observed within weeks of the prior anti-VEGF therapy Participants may not have received any prior anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antibody or inhibitor including but not limited to bevacizumab Last dose of cytotoxic chemotherapy must have been at least weeks ( weeks for nitrosoureas) prior to catheter placement; patients are eligible if they received bevacizumab or other anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapies, although the most recent dose must be at least weeks prior to catheter placement Prior use of an investigational drug that targets VEGF or VEGF receptors Prior targeted therapy (anti-vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF] agents or mammalian target of rapamycin [mTOR] inhibitors) including adjuvant therapy, and prior chemotherapy for metastatic RCC (mRCC); however, prior immunotherapy (cytokines or vaccines) is allowed Use of bevacizumab or vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor chemotherapy within months before RT or months after RT Patients must have recurrent disease and may have had any number of prior relapses (including no prior relapses) on NON-anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)(receptor [R]) containing regimens; relapse is defined as progression following initial therapy; for patients who progressed on a prior anti-VEGF(R) containing regimen including bevacizumab, only one prior relapse on an anti-VEGF(R) containing regimen is allowed Patients with one prior relapse on a bevacizumab or an anti-VEGF(R) (i.e., VEGF-trap, vandetanib, cediranib, sunitinib, sorafenib, XL, etc.) containing regimen are allowed to participate Participants who have received any systemic anticancer therapy for RCC, including anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy, or any systemic investigational anticancer agent No prior treatment with a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor Participants may not be receiving any other investigational agents nor have participated in an investigational trial within the past weeks; subjects may not have received prior treatment affecting the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway in the recurrent setting, including thalidomide, bevacizumab, sunitinib, or sorafenib; in the Phase I portion of the trial, subjects may not have received prior treatment with oregovomab (OvaRex) or any other antibodies that may interfere with CA- measurements For Arm A, patients must be at first recurrence of GBM, must not have had previous anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy, and must be candidates for surgical partial or gross-total resection Any degree of prior treatment is allowed, including other anti-angiogenic treatments (e.g., vascular endothelial growth factor receptor [VEGFR] inhibitors or bevacizumab); patients with no prior therapy are eligible, provided they have metastatic disease that is not curable by surgery Previous therapy with other vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or VEGFR inhibitors (other than bevacizumab) or docetaxel for the treatment of NSCLC at any time Prior treatment with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs other than bevacizumab Have had prior treatment with regorafenib or any other (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor) VEGFR-targeting kinase inhibitor. Patients who have been previously treated with MET or vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) inhibitors (except for patients on renal cell cancer [RCC] cohort) are not eligible for the expansion cohorts but can enroll in the phase I portion Prior systemically administered nitrosoureas or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeted therapy months must have elapsed between any prior anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment (for example, given as a component of primary treatment) and study participation; these therapies include bevacizumab, cediranib, axitinib, sunitinib as well as other therapeutics targeting VEGF Prior cancer chemotherapy, bevacizumab (or other vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF]/VEGF receptor [VEGFR]-directed agent), or an investigational agent for recurrent/progressive GBM or prior bevacizumab as part of initial therapy (prior chemotherapy or investigational agents are permitted as part of initial therapy; VEGF/VEGFR-directed agents are not permitted). Prior history with BIBF or any other vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/VEGF receptor (R) inhibitor The immediate prior treatment regimen must have included an anti-VEGF agent; acceptable anti-VEGF therapy includes bevacizumab, ziv-aflibercept, sunitinib, or sorafenib; for other anti-VEGF therapies, contact the principal investigator Tumors with clear cell histology: subject must have progressed after at least one anti-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (anti-VEGFR) therapy Any prior exposure to any VEGF or VEGF inhibitor including, but not limited to, bevacizumab, cediranib, vandetanib, sunitinib, pazopanib, aflibercept, or sorafenib (Phase II) Previous systemic anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or any prior systemic anti-cancer therapy, including prior treatment with systemic agents such as regorafenib, ramucirumab, pazopanib, or experimental agents such as brivanib. Prior treatment with any agent that targets vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or VEGF receptors (VEGFR) (licensed or investigational including sorafenib), except bevacizumab Patient has known contraindication to PARP inhibitors or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors. Patients must have metastatic disease which has progressed on or within months of stopping treatment with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors; previous therapy with bevacizumab, interleukin , or interferon alpha is also permitted Patients with either previous vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibition based treatment or previous vorinostat based treatment are eligible; however, patients who received both VEGF and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition simultaneously are ineligible Received prior therapy with monoclonal antibodies, signal transduction inhibitors, or any therapies targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) Patients who have received prior therapy with any anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drug, including bevacizumab Prior use of other investigational or licensed tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), or agents which target VEGF or VEGF receptors (i.e., bevacizumab, VEGF-Trap) Previous therapy with other vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors (other than bevacizumab) or pemetrexed for treatment of NSCLC COHORT ONLY: Prior treatment with a VEGF inhibitor (e.g. sunitinib, bevacizumab, sorafenib or other dedicated VEGF inhibitor) COHORT ONLY: Prior treatment with a VEGF inhibitor (e.g. sunitinib, bevacizumab, sorafenib or other dedicated VEGF inhibitor) Participants who have already received anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or experimental anti-angiogenic therapy for glioblastoma Patient must not have received bevacizumab or other anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor in the last months Antiangiogenic therapy, specifically vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptor (VEGFR) inhibitors, can interfere with wound healing and therefore will only be allowed if the agent has been discontinued for at least days prior to day ; group C patients must be naive to therapies which target mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) At least but no more than prior systemic anti vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatments Prior treatment with any tyrosine kinase inhibitors, anti vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) angiogenesis inhibitors, non VEGF targeted angiogenesis inhibitors, or mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors. Two or more prior vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-targeted therapies or any ongoing treatment for RR-DTC other than TSH-suppressive thyroid hormone therapy.