Patients must be willing to provide prior smoking history as required on the S Onstudy Form No active tobacco use (> years tobacco free interval, < pack/year [pk/yr.] history) Noncompliance - inability or unwillingness to comply with medical recommendations regarding therapy or follow-up, including smoking tobacco. Smoking cessation is a standard teaching practice prior to admission for all patients undergoing stem cell transplant. Any patient who refuses to stop smoking prior to transplant will not be eligible for this study. Lifetime pack-year history of < years, currently non-smoking for at least years. Patients must provide their personal smoking history prior to registration; patients cannot have a cumulative personal smoking history that exceeds pack-years\r\n* Number of pack-years = (frequency of smoking [number of cigarettes per day] x duration of cigarette smoking [years]) / \r\n* Note: Twenty cigarettes is considered equivalent to one pack; cigar and pipe tobacco consumption is not included in calculating lifetime pack-years History of smoking tobacco (or other related/herbal products) in the prior months Active smoking or a cumulative pack year history of > pack years, active smoking is (defined as >= cigarette per day) within the last years Actively smoking or more cigarettes per day for at least one year Smoking or more cigarettes, little cigars and/or cigarillos per day, on average, within the months preceding the screening visit and expired carbon monoxide (CO) greater than or equal to parts per million (ppm) (if less than or equal to , then NicAlert Strip > ) > pack years of tobacco use or more Less than or equal to pack years of tobacco history Patients registering to Arms D, E, F, G, H, I, X, Y must not currently be smoking tobacco or other substances and must not have smoked within the past months Patients who have a smoking history of > pack-years Patients who have never smoked, defined as smoking ? cigarettes in a lifetime Intermediate-risk group: Oropharynx cancer that is p-positive by immunohistochemistry with smoking status > Pack-years, stage T-Nb-N OR ? pack-years, stage TN-N or T-N. History of smoking either tobacco or other herbal products in the last months Patients must provide their personal smoking history prior to registration; the lifetime cumulative history cannot exceed pack-years; the following formula is used to calculate the pack-years during the periods of smoking in the patients life; the cumulative total of the number of pack-years during each period of active smoking is the lifetime cumulative history\r\n* Number of pack-years = (frequency of smoking [number of cigarettes per day] x duration of cigarette smoking [years])/ \r\n* Note: twenty cigarettes is considered equivalent to one pack; the effect of non-cigarette tobacco products on the survival of patients with p-positive oropharyngeal cancers is undefined; cigar and pipe tobacco consumption is therefore not included in calculating the lifetime pack-years; marijuana consumption is likewise not considered in this calculation; there is no clear scientific evidence regarding the role of chewing tobacco-containing products in this disease; investigators are discouraged from enrolling patients with a history of very sustained use (such as several years or more) of non-cigarette tobacco products alone History of >= pack-years of smoking cigarettes Smoking history < pack-year or equivalent (including cigarettes, cigars, pipes, chewing tobacco, and/or marijuana); one cannabis joint is equivalent of cigarettes; smoking status definitions (National Health Interview Survey and Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System):\r\n* Smokers: smoking now every day or some days in past month\r\n* Quitters: at least cigarettes/lifetime and not smoking in the past - months\r\n* Former smoker: at least cigarettes/lifetime and not smoking > months\r\n* Never smokers: < cigarettes (or equivalent)/lifetime For NSCLC, patients must have a minimum of a pack-year smoking history. Patients smoking in excess of packs of cigarettes per day Having at least a -pack year history of cigarette smoking Patients with oropharynx carcinoma with a smoking history of ? pack-year or equivalent year history of tobacco product use and no recent history (within last years) of tobacco use Smoking history < pack years or equivalent year history of tobacco product use Active smoking within the past years with a cumulative pack year history of > pack years or active smoking (defined as >= cigarette per day) within the last years Patients with > pack years of smoking history and/or currently a smoker at the time of treatment Patients with smoking history of less than or equal to pack years and with primary tumour site of base of tongue and/or tonsil Patients with no smoking history Desire to quit smoking, with at least one prior failed quit attempt and willingness to participate in a treatment study Motivated to stop smoking, as indicated by a score of or above on the Contemplation Ladder Individuals who use e-cigarettes and who are not smoking cigarettes; dual users (those who use both e-cigarettes and cigarettes) will be included in the trial Patient is a current or ex-smoker with a smoking history of >= pack years Subject is a current smoker, or has smoked within months prior to enrollment, or plans to resume smoking within months post-enrollment Do not smoke (no smoking during previous months) History of previous experience with smoking or marijuana Participants must not be active smokers within the past days; active smoking is defined as any smoking, even a puff; if identified as a smoker, the individual will be referred the New York (NY) State Smoking Cessation Quit line (nysmokefree.com) which is available in English and Spanish Smoking history of pack-years or greater Smoking Documentation of current smoking in the cancer registry Current smoker or quit smoking within the past years At least a pack-year smoking history =< pack-years smoking history or =< pack-years smoking history WITH >= years abstinence from smoking Patients who have smoked within the last months, since smoking may interfere with relaxation and breathing Not smoking Willing to discontinue smoking for the duration of study intervention Have at least a pack-year history of smoking Current tobacco smokers with >= pack years of self-reported smoking exposure and an average use of >= cigarettes/day Urine cotinine level, if collected at screening, does not confirm active smoking status Smoking history of >= pack?years AND either current smoker (still smoking or quit < year prior to pre?registration) OR former smoker (quit ? years prior to pre?registration); Note: Pack years is determined by multiplying the number of packs smoked per day by the number of years smoked Smoking for at least one year Carbon monoxide (CO) level of ppm or greater, confirming smoking status Involvement in a smoking program or currently trying to quit. Current tobacco smokers with >= pack years of self-reported smoking exposure and a current average use of >= cigarettes/day Willing to complete all appointments and change smoking behaviors for -weeks pack year history of smoking (i.e., the base population of high risk smokers to get screened) Current smoker (defined as any smoking in the past days this is the criteria our lung cancer screening programs will use to trigger tobacco treatment interventions) Smoking >= tobacco cigarettes/week over the past year Insufficient smoking (< cigs per week) or have recently quit Current motivation to quit smoking Daily smoker for ? months, smoking approximately ? cigarettes per day on average in the past month or must meet the criteria for nicotine dependence Smoking or more cigarettes, little cigars or cigarillos per day, on average, within the months preceding the screening visit and expired carbon monoxide (CO) greater than or equal to parts per million (ppm); (if < , then NicAlert Strip > ) >= year history of smoking, and smoking >= cigarettes per week Patients who chew tobacco and patients who are not smoking but are exposed to second hand smoking are excluded from this study Be either a current smoker or a never smoker; to define a smoker, we will utilize the Centers for Disease Control definitions; any individual who is currently smoking and has smoked more than cigarettes in their lifetime will be identified as a current smoker; smoking status will be assessed by a questionnaire; smoking status will be conferred using a urine cotinine test at the randomization visit (week-); the number of cigarettes smoked per day and years of smoking will be used to calculate pack-years, which will be used as a measure of tobacco exposure; a never smoker is defined as a person who has never smoked, or has smoked less than cigarettes in their lifetime, and who has not had a cigarette in over ten years Resides in a smoking household (where or more household members smoke) Active smoking (cigarettes per day [CPD] >= ) and exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) >= parts per million (ppm) Participants will include current and recently quit former smokers who have at least a pack year smoking history (defined by number of packs smoked per day multiplied by number of years smoked) Participants must have a smoking history of pack-years or greater All participants must also report an intention to quit smoking within the next month and a desire to receive behavioral and medication treatment. Participation in a smoking study in the past months. Additionally, prior to enrollment at first session, reporting smoking or more days of the past , or registering a carbon monoxide (CO) reading of or above (as this indicates heavy smoking, and is not consistent with non-daily smoking.) Smoking or more cigarettes, little cigars or cigarillos per day, on average, within the months preceding the screening visit and expired carbon monoxide (CO) greater than or equal to parts per million (ppm) (if =< , then NicAlert strip > ) Not currently participating in a quit smoking program Willingness to abstain from smoking for hours (overnight abstinence) prior to study visits Reside in a facility that does not allow smoking (e.g. certain nursing homes) For smoking cessation groups, unwillingness to participate or no desire to quit smoking PHASE I: Individuals at risk for lung cancer based on a smoking history of or more pack/years of cigarette smoking PHASE II: Smoking history of or more pack/years of cigarette smoking STUDY I: Current dual users (of tobacco cigarettes and e-cigarettes) without interest in quitting smoking STUDY I: Current dual users who have attempted, but not quit smoking STUDY I: >= year history of weekly smoking Nonsmokers (not smoking during previous months) Smoking history >= pack/years; subjects must be included in an ongoing annual screening with low dose CT scan or must have two consecutive CT outside the context of a screening program confirming subsolid nodules A current or ex-smoker with a >= pack-year history of smoking; (an ex-smoker is defined as no tobacco use in the prior months) Motivated to quit smoking Currently smoking or more cigarettes per day Male or female current tobacco smokers with >= pack years of self-reported smoking exposure and an average use of >= cigarettes/day Urine cotinine level, if collected at screening, does not confirm active smoking status Inclusion Criteria (adult):\n\n - Age years or older\n\n - Female\n\n - Smoked ? cigarettes per day for at least the past months\n\n - Smoked on days or more in the last month\n\n - Smoking status confirmed via cotinine verification strips\n\n - Resides with a child ? years of age in the role of the child's parent or caregiver\n\n - Will agree to provide a urine sample at study enrollment\n\n - Will also agree to the child providing a urine sample at study enrollment and at\n follow-up visits (for children who are not toilet trained, a diaper sample will be\n collected in lieu of the urine sample)\n\n - Has a home address\n\n - Has a functioning home phone or cell phone\n\n - Provides written informed consent\n\n Inclusion criteria (child):\n\n - < or = years of age\n\n - Non-smoker -no cigarette use within prior days to enrollment; however\n experimentation with smoking (a puff) will not exclude the child\n\n - Lives in the primary home with the adult study participant at least days a week\n\n Exclusion criteria (adult):\n\n - Current or past day use of Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) or pharmacotherapy for\n smoking cessation\n\n - Planning to move outside of Minnesota within the next months\n\n - Have complete home smoking restrictions currently in place verified by the nicotine\n dosimeter\n\n - Currently pregnant Inclusion criteria:\n\n Initial from phone interview:\n\n - Currently smoking - cigarettes per day for the past year;\n\n - Between the ages of and years;\n\n - In apparently good physical health with no unstable medical conditions including\n seizures or cancer;\n\n - In stable and good mental health, i.e., currently do not experience unstable or\n untreated psychiatric diagnosis, including substance abuse, as determined by the\n DSM-IV criteria, during the past six months;\n\n - Not using any other tobacco or nicotine-containing products;\n\n - Not on methadone maintenance or stimulants such as ephedra; not a regular user of\n street drugs and if uses occasionally, willing to abstain during the study; not taking\n any drugs known to be PA substrates such as phenobarbital, rifampicin,\n dexamethasone, ketoconazole, methoxsalen, pilocarpine, or tranylcypromine due to their\n role in NNK metabolism;\n\n - Does not average more than alcoholic drinks per week;\n\n - Willing to perform study activities such as having blood sample drawn, urine\n collection, multiple clinic visits;\n\n - For female subjects of child bearing potential, not known to be pregnant or nursing,\n or planning to become pregnant within next months.\n\n For enrollment in the Short-Term Trial:\n\n - Subjects who are generally healthy with liver enzyme and blood count values within the\n ranges shown below based on blood samples drawn at the second screening visit.\n Specifically:\n\n - White blood cells ? ,/mL\n\n - Total bilirubin ? . x upper limits of normal (ULN)\n\n - AST (SGOT)/ALT (SGPT) ? . x ULN\n\n - BUN and serum creatinine ? . x ULN\n\n For enrollment in the Long-Term Trial:\n\n - Participated in the short-term trial and invited to participate in the long-term\n trial;\n\n - Possess the GSTM null-null genotype;\n\n - Smoke or more cigarettes/day with a cumulative smoking history of or more\n pack-years (one pack-year equals to smoking a pack of cigarettes a day for one year);\n\n - Normal liver enzymes based on blood sample drawn during month wash-out;\n\n - Determined to be a good candidate for the bronchoscopy procedure by a primary care\n physician.\n\n Exclusion Criteria:\n\n - Subjects with uncontrolled hypertension, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, unstable\n coronary artery disease, history of cancer other than non-melanoma skin cancer, and\n pregnant or lactating women will not be eligible. Subjects with a smoking history of at least cigarettes daily for at least year (carbon monoxide [CO] > parts per million (ppm); if CO =< ppm, then Nic Alert test =< level ) and no serious quit attempts in the last months (to ensure stability of smoking) Patient smoking status will be documented in their electronic health record, per routine care Have at least a -pack year smoking history (average packs per day x years smoking) Smoking cigarettes for at least years (so that smoking is expected to be reasonably established) Smoking non-daily for the previous one year Willingness and ability to come to the University of Pittsburghs Smoking Research Group lab for visits over a -week period, and to report on smoking behavior via an IVR telephone system during that time Exclusive use of roll-your-own cigarettes (since the study uses manufactured cigarettes); and cannot be currently smoking more than / of roll your own cigarettes At first session, reporting smoking or more days of the past , or registering a carbon monoxide (CO) reading of or above at least some concern for health effects of smoking