Patients must be able to tolerate CT or magnetic resonance (MR) imaging including contrast agents as required for the treatment and the protocol
Patients must have no evidence of upper tract (renal pelvis or ureters) cancer confirmed by one of the following tests performed within  days prior to registration: CT urogram, intravenous pyelogram, magnetic resonance (MR) urogram, or retrograde pyelograms
Patients whose lung tumors are being monitored with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging (MR imaging of the anchored transponders is safe but yields an image artifact around the anchored transponders)
Patients with prior therapy that included interstitial brachytherapy or stereotactic radiosurgery must have confirmation of true progressive disease rather than radiation necrosis based upon either positron emission tomography (PET) or thallium scanning, magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy, or surgical/pathological documentation of disease
Contraindication to MRI identified by the MR procedure screening form, such as a pacemaker, aneurysm clip, inner ear implant, neurostimulator, or other non-MR compatible implant or device
Any patient with suspected brain tumor on diagnostic MR imaging who will undergo a resection
Contraindication to MR imaging, such as implanted metal devices or foreign bodies or severe claustrophobia
Interval of at least  weeks from the completion of radiotherapy; if patients are within  weeks of radiotherapy, they may still be eligible if they meet one or more of the following criteria\r\n* Progressive tumor is outside the original high-dose radiotherapy target volume as determined by the treating investigator, or\r\n* Histologic confirmation of tumor through biopsy or resection, or\r\n* Nuclear medicine imaging, magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy, or MR perfusion imaging consistent with true progressive disease, rather than pseudoprogression or radiation necrosis obtained within  days of registration
Contraindications to MR imaging (e.g. implanted metallic prostheses, defibrillators, stimulators, pacemakers, or neurotransmitters) per institutional policy on management of patients with internal and external medical devices.
Medical contraindication to undergoing magnetic resonance (MR) imaging
MR imaging of the total spine (performed within  days of enrollment) demonstrates no evidence of spinal metastatic disease
Contraindication to magnetic resonance (MR) imaging
Any contraindication to MRI (i.e. patients with pacemakers or other metal implanted medical devices); an MRI safety questionnaire is required prior to magnetic resonance (MR) imaging
Patients with a pacemaker, stainless steel aneurysm clip or any other magnetic resonance (MR) contraindicated implant or foreign body would warrant exclusion from this study
Dental braces or prosthesis that interferes with MR imaging
Medical contraindication to MR imaging (e.g. pacemakers, metallic implants, aneurysm clips, known contrast allergy to gadolinium contrast, pregnancy, nursing mothers, weight greater than  pounds) or severe anxiety/claustrophobia related to MR imaging despite medications to relieve anxiety/claustrophobia (first  patients only; however, an investigator can still choose to enroll patients onto the trial who have these contra- indications to MRI; these patients will not receive the two research MRIs at the Wright Center)
For patients who agree to participate in PET/MR imaging:\r\n* Renal insufficiency (glomerular filtration rate [GFR] <  mL/min/. m^) measured within the past  days which precludes safe administration of the contrast agent\r\n* On dialysis\r\n* Prior allergic reaction to gadolinium-based MR contrast agents
Any contraindication to MRI (i.e. patients with pacemakers or other metal implanted medical devices); an MRI safety questionnaire is required prior to magnetic resonance (MR) imaging
Exclusion criteria (MRI specific):\r\n* Patients who are ineligible to undergo an MRI scan for reasons such as claustrophobia or the presence of implanted devices or metallic foreign bodies that are not magnetic resonance (MR) compatible; patients with a known history of allergic reaction to gadolinium contrast agents; patients with a history of a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of less than  or acute renal disease
Patients with standard contraindications for MR imaging such as non-MRI compatible implanted metallic devices including cardiac pacemakers, size limitations, etc.
Participants with prior therapy that included interstitial brachytherapy or stereotactic radiosurgery must have confirmation of progressive disease based upon nuclear imaging, magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy, perfusion imaging or histopathology
Inability to undergo magnetic resonance (MR) imaging to assess disease status
Patients unable to undergo MR imaging because of non-compatible devices can be enrolled, provided CT scans are obtained and are of sufficient quality; patients without non-compatible devices may not have CT scans performed to meet this requirement
Radiologic evidence of new and/or progressive parenchymal brain metastasis, spinal cord metastases (intramedullary), or leptomeningeal disease (LMD) by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the brain and/or spine, or CSF cytology evidence of new LMD or persistent LMD
Metallic implants, claustrophobia not amenable to medication, or known contraindications to undergoing magnetic resonance (MR) scanning
Patients with prior therapy that included interstitial brachytherapy or stereotactic radiosurgery must have confirmation of true progressive disease rather than radiation necrosis based upon positron emission tomography (PET), Thallium scanning, MR spectroscopy/perfusion, progression outside of radiation field, or surgical documentation of disease; if the additional imaging is unable to be performed for insurance or other reasons, the principal investigator (PI) will review the available imaging to determine if patients is eligible
Medical contraindication to undergoing MR imaging
Patients unable to undergo MR imaging because of non-compatible devices can be enrolled, provided pre- and post-operative contrast-enhanced CT scans are obtained and are of sufficient quality
Abnormal cerebral vasculature noted on magnetic resonance (MR) angiography that would increase the risk of the procedure, including but not limited to an incomplete circle of Willis; other abnormalities that are less severe than an incomplete circle of Willis will be reviewed by the study chair in consultation with a neuro-interventional radiologist
Patient must be able to tolerate CT or magnetic resonance (MR) imaging including contrast agents as required for their treatment and the protocol
Patients unable to undergo MR imaging because of non-compatible devices can be enrolled, provided pre- and post-operative contrast-enhanced CT scans are obtained and are of sufficient quality.
Histopathologically proven diagnosis of glioblastoma or variants (gliosarcoma, giant cell glioblastoma etc); patients will be eligible if the original histology was lower-grade glioma and a subsequent diagnosis of glioblastoma or gliosarcoma is made\r\n* Patients who did not have recent surgery for their glioblastoma must have shown unequivocal radiographic evidence for tumor progression by contrast-enhanced MRI scan (or CT scan for patients with non-compatible devices) within  days prior to registration; Note: patients who did have surgery with a post-operative contrast-enhanced scan falling outside the -week window prior to registration, per definition of recent surgery, must have a repeat magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan (or computed tomography [CT] scan for patients with non-compatible devices) within  days prior to registration\r\n* Patients must have passed an interval of  months or greater between completion of prior radiotherapy and registration; if patients have not passed an interval of at least  months, they may still be eligible if they meet one or more of the following criteria:\r\n** New areas of tumor outside the original radiotherapy fields as determined by the investigator, or\r\n** Histologic confirmation of tumor through biopsy or resection, or\r\n** Nuclear medicine imaging, magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy, or MR perfusion imaging consistent with true progressive disease, rather than radiation necrosis obtained within  days of registration AND an interval of at least  days between completion of radiotherapy and registration\r\n* Patients unable to undergo MR imaging because of non-compatible devices can be enrolled provided CT scans are obtained and are of sufficient quality; patients without non-compatible devices may not use CT scans performed to meet this requirement
Patient has documented MR. at the time when switched from imatinib to nilotinib
Contraindication to magnetic resonance (MR) imaging such as implanted metal devices or foreign bodies, severe claustrophobia AND patients unable to receive gadolinium contrast agents
Patients with contraindication for MR imaging such as implanted metallic devices that are not MRI-safe, size limitations, etc.
Contraindication to magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, such as implanted metal devices or foreign bodies, severe claustrophobia, or contraindications to contrast agent administration
Documentation by magnetic resonance (MR) of a gadolinium-enhancing intraparenchymal mass consistent with malignant glioma
Medical contraindication to undergoing magnetic resonance (MR) imaging
There must be an interval of at least  weeks from the completion of radiotherapy to start of device treatment; when the interval is less than  weeks from the completion of radiotherapy, the histological confirmation of progression must be unequivocal per Revised Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) criteria; the use of positron emission tomography (PET) scan, perfusion imaging, and magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy to differentiate between true early progression and pseudoprogression prior to biopsy or resection of probable recurrent tumor is per standard of care
Radiologic evidence of new and/or progressive brain metastasis (>=  mm in longest dimension) by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the brain
Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS):\r\n* Patients must have confirmation of true progressive disease rather than radiation necrosis based upon either PET or Thallium SPECT, MR spectroscopy and MR perfusion or surgical documentation of disease\r\n* At least  weeks between completion of SRS and initiation of bendamustine
Interstitial brachytherapy: patients must have confirmation of true progressive disease rather than radiation necrosis based upon either PET or Thallium SPECT, MR spectroscopy and MR perfusion or surgical documentation of disease
If the conventional MR findings are not seen, the following dynamic susceptibility-contrast (DSC) MR characteristics may be used to meet eligibility for this study:\r\n* DSC MR\r\n** The cut-offs below will be based on gradient echo type echo planar imaging (GRE- EPI) DSC perfusion images, acquired without using a gadolinium pre-load:\r\n*** Relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) < . in the enhancing-lesion relative to normal-appearing white matter (NAWM)\r\n*** Percentage of signal recovery (PSR) >= %, where PSR is determined by comparing the lower signal intensity during passage of the contrast bolus with the post-contrast signal intensity on the signal intensity-time curve
Patients with standard contraindications for MR imaging such as non-MRI compatible implanted metallic devices including cardiac pacemakers, size limitations, etc.
MR imaging (MRI) with findings considered consistent with radiation induced injury or radiation necrosis as confirmed by the study radiologist
Contraindication to magnetic resonance (MR) imaging such as implanted metal devices or foreign bodies
Contraindication to magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, such as implanted metal devices or foreign bodies, severe claustrophobia, or contraindications to contrast agent administration
Participants with non- magnetic resonance (MR) compatible objects or implants that would make MRI a contraindication
Contraindication to a cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) (metallic object, severe claustrophobia, pacemaker, vascular clip)
Serious medical illness unsuitable for the MR scanner based on best clinical judgment
Serious medical illness unsuitable for the magnetic resonance (MR) scanner based on best clinical judgment
Histologically proven diagnosis of solid tumor malignancy and Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging documenting brain lesions.
Patients with no contra-indications to magnetic resonance (MR) imaging
Presence of non magnetic resonance (MR) compatible metallic objects or metallic objects that, in the opinion of the radiologist, would make MRI a contraindication
Patient is not able to undergo magnetic resonance (MR) imaging due to any contraindication to MRI based on departmental MR questionnaire (e.g. past gadolinium allergies, failure of metallic screening, claustrophobia, inability to lay flat for duration of the study, inability to hold breath, etc.)
No contra-indications to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including permanent pacemaker, implantable device, aneurysm clip, or severe claustrophobia (for patients planning to be imaged on PET/magnetic resonance [MR] scanner)
Subjects for whom exposure to a strong magnetic field would be a health risk (e.g., subjects with cardiac pacemakers or non-MR compatible metallic implants)
Be able to undergo magnetic resonance (MR) imaging
Have metallic hardware in the lower extremity which is MR compatible however would create too much artifact for MR examination
Are unable to lay still in the MR scanner for length of examination
Any contraindication to the use of contrast and/or general guidelines for magnetic resonance (MR) imaging as per standard Department of Radiology imaging guidelines
Ability to undergo MR imaging, tolerate breath hold procedures and follow direction during the imaging process
GYNECOLOGIC CANCER: No contraindications for MR or PET imaging
Patients must be able to tolerate magnetic resonance (MR) imaging required by protocol
Brain MR imaging suggestive of a glioma or HG >  mM by MR spectroscopy in patients who have not had a surgical procedure to establish the diagnosis
Metallic implant or device that distorts local magnetic field and compromises the quality of MR imaging
Metallic hip implant or any other metallic implant or device that distorts local magnetic field and compromises the quality of MR imaging
Patients with a pacemaker, stainless steel aneurysm clip or any other magnetic resonance (MR) contraindicated implant or foreign body would warrant exclusion from this study; pacemakers may be reprogrammed or turned off by the strong MRI magnetic field; radio-frequency (RF) fields in MR can also cause severe heating of pacemaker lead tips. Steel aneurysm clips are prone to torque in the strong MR field which can displace the clips and may damage the vessel, resulting in hemorrhage, and/or death
Unable to undergo MR imaging (e.g. cardiac device, metals, claustrophobia, etc.)
Have any contra-indications to magnetic resonance (MR) examination such as allergy to MRI contrast media (gadolinium-DTPA [gadopentetate dimeglumine]), metallic foreign objects within the body, orbital metal, cerebral aneurysm clip, pacemaker, defibrillator, neurostimulator, any other medical metallic implant, claustrophobia, inability to lie flat for  minutes, and weight exceeding  pounds; if an MR contraindication is discovered during scanning that was overlooked during the screening process, the procedure will be stopped immediately and the subject will be removed from the scanner
Metallic hip implant or any other metallic implant or device that distorts local magnetic field and compromises the quality of MR imaging
Patients whose lung tumors are being monitored by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging as part of standard clinical care
Patients with the most recent abdominal magnetic resonance (MR) study obtained within  months +/-  week
Patients with surgical implants and/or metallic foreign bodies non-compatible with the MR magnet
Known history of allergic reaction to magnetic resonance (MR) contrast material
All subjects providing written informed consent will complete the subject history and screening form prior to MR imaging; the form will be reviewed to determine whether the subject is at risk as defined above and the availability of an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) within six weeks of anticipated MR imaging; an eGFR result greater than six weeks prior to the MRI imaging date will be repeated and evaluated for renal function; subjects with an eGFR of <  mL/min/. m^ will be excluded from the study
Subjects must have had radiographically evaluable or measurable disease with standard magnetic resonance (MR) imaging
Any contraindication to MR imaging (e.g., metal implant, aneurysm clip, pacemaker).
Patients with a known diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) malignancy, including metastases, with known enhancement on magnetic resonance (MR) who are otherwise eligible to undergo MRI
Subjects found to have any constitutionally present non-MR compatible ferromagnetic materials will be excluded from this study
Presence of a genetic disorder other than NF that effects cognition or is associated with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging abnormalities (e.g. tuberous sclerosis)
Patients who are excluded from T MR imaging because of titanium implants that are not yet established to be safe at T remain eligible for the imaging at T
Any contraindication to baseline MRI based on departmental magnetic resonance (MR) questionnaire, or inability to cooperate for an MRI scan
Interval of at least  months from the completion of any prior radiotherapy and registration; if patients have not passed an interval of at least  months, they may still be eligible if they meet one or more of the following criteria:\r\n* New areas of tumor outside the original radiotherapy fields as determined by the investigator, or\r\n* Histologic confirmation of tumor through biopsy or resection, or\r\n* Nuclear medicine imaging, magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy, or MR perfusion imaging consistent with true progressive disease, rather than pseudo progression or radiation necrosis obtained within  days of registration AND an interval of at least  days between completion of radiotherapy and registration
Able to tolerate magnetic resonance (MR) imaging required by protocol, to be performed at an American College of Radiology Imaging Network (ACRIN)-qualified facility and scanner
Not suitable to undergo MRI with an extracellular gadolinium-based contrast agent that does not have dominant hepatobiliary excretion because of:\r\n* Claustrophobia, unless patient agrees to sedation measures per institutional standard practice during MR imaging\r\n* Presence of metallic objects or implanted medical devices in body per institutional safety standards\r\n* Sickle cell disease\r\n* Weight greater than that allowable by the MR table
Patients with a contraindication to having MR imaging (e.g. pacemaker) or contrast MR administration (e.g. hypersensitivity to gadolinium or renal insufficiency above the institutional threshold for administration of contrast); patients with hypersensitivity to MR contrast may be able to participate if it has been established that premedication will mitigate the hypersensitivity reaction
Contra-indication to MRI (e.g. pacemaker, severe claustrophobia, suspected presence of MR-unsafe surgical implants or shrapnel)
Participants requiring conscious sedation for magnetic resonance (MR) imaging
Patients whose lung tumors are being monitored with MR imaging (MR imaging of the anchored transponders is safe but yields an image artifact around the anchored transponders).