Patients must have progressed during or after prior platinum-based chemotherapy; patients whose only prior platinum-based chemotherapy regimen was for stage I-III disease (i.e. patient has not received any platinum-based chemotherapy for stage IV or recurrent disease), disease progression on platinum-based chemotherapy must have occurred within one year from the last date that patient received that therapy; patients must have experienced disease progression during or after prior anti-PD- or anti-PD-L antibody monotherapy as their most recent line of treatment; prior PD-/PD-L combination therapy is not permitted
Patients must either be eligible to be screened at progression on prior treatment or to be pre-screened prior to progression on current treatment; patients will either consent to the screening consent or the pre-screening consent, not both; these criteria are:\r\n* Screening at progression on prior treatment: to be eligible for screening at progression, patients must have received at least one line of systemic therapy for any stage of disease (stages I-IV) and must have progressed during or following their most recent line of therapy; for patients whose prior systemic therapy was for stage I-III disease only (i.e. patient has not received any treatment for stage IV or recurrent disease), the prior systemic therapy must have been a platinum-based chemotherapy regimen and disease progression on the platinum-based chemotherapy must have occurred within one year from the last date that patient received that therapy; for patients whose prior therapy was for stage IV or recurrent disease, the patient must have received at least one line of a platinum-based chemotherapy regimen or checkpoint inhibitor therapy (e.g. nivolumab or pembrolizumab)\r\n* Pre-screening prior to progression on current treatment: to be eligible for pre-screening, current treatment must be for stage IV or recurrent disease and patient must have received at least one dose of the current regimen; patients must have previously received or currently be receiving a platinum-based chemotherapy regimen or checkpoint inhibitor therapy (e.g. nivolumab or pembrolizumab); patients on first-line platinum-based treatment are eligible upon receiving cycle , day  infusion; Note: patients will not receive their sub-study assignment until they progress and the S Notice of Progression is submitted
The small cell lung cancer must have progressed radiographically following a platinum-based (cisplatin and/or carboplatin) standard prior chemotherapy regimen; any number of interval prior lines of therapy is allowed; patients who have received prior platinum-based chemotherapy and radiation for limited stage SCLC and have subsequently developed relapsed disease are eligible, as long as the platinum-based therapy was given within  months prior to the time of relapse
Prior lines of therapy must include a platinum-based therapy. Investigational agents used in combination with standard therapies are allowed. Participants who received platinum-based neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy and subsequently received platinum-based therapy as first-line therapy are eligible.
Have not tolerated or have progressed or relapsed on or within  months of platinum-based chemotherapy
Has received more than  platinum-based regimens against SCLC
Histologically or cytologically confirmed Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC): Part A: RR SCLC who progressed or recurred following platinum-based chemotherapy; Note: Subjects with a diagnosis of combined small cell carcinoma with >% small cells may be considered for inclusion in the dose escalation phase of part A based on investigator discretion and after discussion with the medical monitor Part B: ED SCLC with ongoing clinical benefit (stable disease [SD], partial response [PR], or complete response [CR]) following no more than  cycles of first-line platinum-based chemotherapy with the last dose of chemotherapy greater then equal to  days prior to the study day  (first-line consolidation setting)
Cohort A Dose Expansion (Ribociclib + PDR): Prior chemotherapy: \r\n* Participants may have received any number of prior lines of chemotherapy for metastatic disease, as long as the last dose is >=  days prior to first dose of study treatment\r\n** Must have received a first-line platinum-based therapy and have disease that is platinum-resistant \r\n*** Platinum-resistant disease is defined as disease relapse within  to  months of prior platinum-based chemotherapy\r\n** Must have received a first-line platinum-based chemotherapy regimen and have relapsed despite standard therapy
Patients who have not previously been treated with platinum-based based doublet chemotherapy and who, in the judgment of the investigator, have rapidly progressive disease such that serious complications may arise from disease progression within the next  weeks will be excluded
Participants in all combination therapy arms must have recurrent or metastatic NSCLC and previously received platinum-based therapy and progressed either during or after anti-programmed death ligand  (PDL)-based therapy. In addition, participants must have received only one prior immunotherapy.
Prior therapy allowed:\r\n* At least one and no more than  platinum based chemotherapy regimens\r\n* Up to  non-platinum, cytotoxic regimen\r\n* There is no limit on use of prior biological therapies (hormonal or targeted therapy)\r\n* NOTE: Prior immunotherapy is not allowed
Stage IIIB or IV patients must have progressed after first line platinum based chemotherapy; patients with stage I-IIIB NSCLC who have progressed within  months of a full dose platinum based regimen as adjuvant therapy or with radiotherapy are eligible; patients who received weekly low dose chemotherapy with radiation only are not eligible
Patients with primary mediastinal non seminomatous germ cell tumor are eligible if they have received first line platinum based chemotherapy and their recurrence is not amenable to surgical resection based on the treating physicians expert opinion
Patients with late relapse (>  years) of non seminomatous germ cell tumors are eligible if they have received first line platinum based chemotherapy and their recurrence is not amenable to surgical resection based on the treating physicians expert opinion
NSCLC - Prior treatment regimens must include a platinum-based therapy
Concomitant EGFR TKI and platinum based chemotherapy as first line regimen.
Platinum-based chemotherapy as first line treatment
Patients with SCCHN must have received prior therapy with a platinum-based regimen and a checkpoint inhibitor (CPI), if eligible, and should have received no more than  systemic regimens in the recurrent/metastatic setting.
PHASE II INCLUSION CRITERIA: Patients must have cytologically or histologically confirmed ES-SCLC and must not have progressed after first line platinum-based chemotherapy regimen before randomization
Prior platinum-based chemotherapy
Participants who have received prior platinum chemotherapy
Diagnosis of radiological progression while on or after first platinum-based systemic therapy
A washout period of -weeks for patients treated last with platinum based chemotherapy. A -week washout period for patients treated with all other therapies.
Participants must have adequate organ and marrow function as defined below both prior to administration of RRx- and prior to administration of platinum doublet based regimen:
History of needing to permanently discontinue prior platinum doublet-based regimen for toxicity (e.g., cisplatin causing renal impairment, ototoxicity, or severe neuropathy).
All patients must have received a prior platinum-based chemotherapy regimen for treatment of urothelial cancer and must now be considered refractory to platinum-based chemotherapy; patients may have received the platinum-containing regimen either in the peri-operative or metastatic setting; patients may have received any number of additional prior therapies, and may have received prior immune therapies
Have experienced progressive disease after at least one previous regimen of platinum-based chemotherapy
Must have received and have progressed, or are intolerant to at least one systemic regimen (platinum- or fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy regimen for metastatic or recurrent disease or progressed within  month of completion of adjuvant therapy with a platinum- or fluoropyrimidine-based regimen)
Prior platinum-based chemotherapy for the treatment of prostate cancer
Patients who did not achieve PR or CR as per the Lugano criteria following at least  cycle of platinum?based salvage chemotherapy, or patients not eligible for platinum based therapy or beam induction therapy due to decreased ejection fraction (< %)
Prior disease progression while receiving platinum chemotherapy; or any platinum chemotherapy within the last  months\r\n* For all patients (except breast cancer patients) who received platinum-based adjuvant or neo-adjuvant chemotherapy, at least  months must have passed between the last dose of platinum-based therapy and the development of metastatic disease\r\n* For breast cancer patients, at least  months must have passed between the last dose of platinum-based adjuvant or neo-adjuvant therapy and the development of metastatic disease
Patients with recurrent disease >  months after adjuvant or neoadjuvant platinum- based chemotherapy, who also subsequently progressed during or after a platinum- doublet regimen given to treat the recurrence, are not excluded.
STUDY TREATMENT: Platinum-based chemotherapy prior to chemoradiation is permitted but not mandatory
Any number of prior treatments is allowed; must have failed at least one treatment regimen for metastatic disease and must have failed platinum-based chemotherapy (including as treatment for localized disease) or be deemed ineligible for platinum-based therapy by the treating medical oncologist
Prior treatment with a PARP inhibitor, cyclophosphamide, or mitoxantrone chemotherapy. Patients who discontinued prior platinum based chemotherapy <= months prior to screening or whose disease previously progressed on platinum based therapy at any time in the past are also excluded.
Time from the last line of platinum-based chemotherapy of less than  months.
Disease that progressed while receiving initial line of platinum-based chemotherapy.
Subjects must have extensive-stage disease (by National Comprehensive Cancer Network [NCCN] criteria) that has been previously treated with first line platinum-based chemotherapy; patients must either have persistent or progressive disease after platinum based therapy
Disease has progressed or recurred during or less than  months after platinum-based chemotherapy at some point during the subject's course.
Patients must have had at least one prior line of platinum-based chemotherapy or patient must have refused cytotoxic chemotherapy; progressive disease must be documented prior to study entry and patients must have advanced, unresectable disease that is not amenable to surgical resection
Must have had at least  prior line of platinum-based therapy
One of the following:\r\n* Locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer that has progressed after at least  line of platinum based chemotherapy\r\n** Patients may have received up to  prior lines of chemotherapy\r\n** Patients with actionable alterations in EGFR/ALK/ROS/BRAF must also have progressed after treatment with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor appropriate for their genetic alteration\r\n** Untreated patients who refuse st line platinum based chemotherapy are also eligible\r\n* Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck whose disease has progressed after at least  line of platinum based chemotherapy\r\n** Patients may have received up to  prior lines of chemotherapy\r\n** Untreated patients who refuse st line platinum based chemotherapy are also eligible\r\n** Patients who relapse within  months of adjuvant cisplatin based concurrent chemoradiation, or neoadjuvant cisplatin based therapy can be considered eligible without an additional course of platinum chemotherapy for relapsed disease\r\n** Patients may have either locally recurrent or distant metastatic disease
Have a diagnosis of ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer patients who had a complete response to primary treatment with platinum based chemotherapy, have progressed within  months of completing platinum based chemotherapy and have subsequently received at least one, non-platinum-based, therapy
Ongoing response of stable disease or better following  cycles of platinum-based first line chemotherapy
Prior platinum-based chemotherapy for the treatment of prostate cancer
Up to three previous lines of therapy, of which one must have been a platinum-based doublet therapy and no more than two were cytotoxic chemotherapy
Relapse following platinum-based chemotherapy or documented progressive disease while on platinum-based chemotherapy
PHASE II SCLC: Have received and progressed during or after a platinum-based standard chemotherapy regimen and/or an immune-checkpoint inhibitor
UROTHELIAL CARCINOMA EXPANSION COHORT: Patient must have received at least one platinum based regimen of chemotherapy and/or an immune-checkpoint inhibitor if appropriate with progressive disease
Patient must have failed or found to be intolerant of standard frontline platinum-based regimens and must not have received >  prior lines of therapy (nota bene [NB]: retreatment with a platinum-based doublet for sensitive relapse counts as another line therapy; however substitution of cisplatin with carboplatin or vice versa due to toxicity does not count as a separate regimen)
Must be resistant to platinum-based chemotherapy (defined as progression on or after platinum-based chemotherapy given in the recurrent/metastatic setting).
Patients are on treatment with a first line platinum-based (cisplatin, carboplatin or oxaliplatin) regimen for metastatic pancreas cancer, have received a minimum of  weeks of continuous platinum treatment and have no evidence of progression based on investigator's opinion.
Patients who have received platinum as potentially curative treatment for a prior cancer (eg ovarian cancer) or as adjuvant/neoadjuvant treatment for pancreas cancer are eligible provided at least  months have elapsed between the last dose of platinum-based treatment and initiation of the platinum-based chemotherapy for metastatic pancreas cancer.
Progression of tumour between start of first line platinum based chemotherapy for metastatic pancreas cancer and randomisation.
Not received more than  prior systemic therapies- one of which must have been a platinum based regimen- for primary or recurrent disease
Have been treated with debulking surgery and a first-line platinum-based chemotherapy regimen
ARM B COHORT : Patients must have failed treatment with platinum based therapy with or without cetuximab; previous therapy with a platinum concurrent with radiation followed by progression of disease within  months will count as failure of one prior line of cisplatin based therapy
PRIOR THERAPY:\r\n* Patients must have had at least one prior taxane-platinum-based chemotherapeutic regimen for management of primary disease; the platinum could be carboplatin or cisplatin; the taxane could be paclitaxel, docetaxel, or nab-paclitaxel\r\n* Patients must have had a treatment-free interval following last line platinum-based therapy of less than  months, have progressed during platinum-based therapy, or had persistent disease after a platinum-based regimen\r\n* Patients may have received hormonal therapy for treatment of recurrent disease; this will not be counted as a cytotoxic regimen\r\n* Initial treatment may have included non-cytotoxic agents (biologic/targeted agents, such as bevacizumab)\r\n* Patients are allowed to have received prior therapy with tumor vaccines, immune checkpoint blockade (except anti-CTLA-), or other cancer immunotherapy\r\n* Patients may not have previously received treatment with a PARP inhibitor
Subject has no evidence of disease based on radiographical imaging\r\n* Subject was deemed to have a complete objective response at completion of primary platinum-based chemotherapy by computed tomography (CT) scan and cancer antigen (CA)-
Prior therapy:\r\n* Prior chemotherapy must have included a first-line platinum-based regimen with or without intravenous consolidation chemotherapy\r\n* Patients may have received an unlimited number of platinum-based therapies in the recurrent setting\r\n* Patients may have received up to  non-platinum-based line of therapy in the recurrent setting; prior hormonal therapy will not be considered to count as this non-platinum-based line\r\n* Patients may not have had a prior anti-angiogenic agent in the recurrent setting; prior use of bevacizumab in the upfront or upfront maintenance setting is allowed\r\n* Patients may not have previously received a poly adenosine diphosphate (ADP) ribose polymerase (PARP)-inhibitor\r\n* Prior hormonal-based therapy for ovarian, primary peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer is acceptable
Patients must have completed front-line taxane/platinum-based therapy of their primary tumor with a progression free interval of greater than  months from last therapy and measurable relapsed disease must be present in the abdomen greater than  cm
Patients who have not previously been treated with platinum-based based doublet chemotherapy and who, in the judgment of the investigator, have rapidly progressive disease such that serious complications may arise from disease progression within the next  weeks will be excluded
First-line treatment with a standard platinum doublet chemotherapy regimen (carboplatin or cisplatin at standard dosing plus one of the following drugs at standard dosing: paclitaxel, docetaxel, vinblastine, vinorelbine, pemetrexed, or etoposide); patients who received platinum-based chemotherapy for localized lung cancer (either adjuvant chemotherapy following surgery or chemotherapy given in conjunction with definitive radiation) are eligible if their cancer has recurred within  months of platinum-based chemotherapy
Patients may have received prior post-operative platinum based chemotherapy as per standard of care.
Subjects that progressed during or within one month of completion of first-line platinum-based chemotherapy will be excluded.
- prior chemotherapy regimens for recurrent or advanced disease; platinum based chemotherapy administered as a radiation sensitizer agent is allowed and does not count as prior therapy
Patients must have had exactly one prior platinum/taxane-based chemotherapeutic regimen for management of primary disease, and must be in first relapse; first relapse must occur >= six months from completion of front-line platinum-based therapy; (time measured from last platinum dose; for example, patients receiving a biologic or chemotherapeutic agent after completion of platinum-based therapy as part of upfront therapy would be eligible based on time from last dose of platinum chemotherapy; in this situation, patients must be at least four weeks from last dose of a biologic agent); relapse cannot be based on rising cancer antigen (CA)-  alone; there must be radiographic evidence of recurrent disease
Completed first-line platinum-based chemotherapy and surgery with a response, in the opinion of the Investigator
Have had no more than one prior platinum-based regimen for metastatic disease NOTE: Maintenance therapy received after initial chemotherapy will not be considered additional chemotherapy and will be allowed; and
Patients must have progressive disease following prior therapy; specifically, patients must have progressed on platinum-based chemotherapy
Patients must have demonstrated progression on or intolerance to platinum-based chemotherapy
Radiologically confirmed disease progression following two previous lines of anti-cancer therapy, one of which should be a platinum based regimen, OR the patient has refused treatment with approved treatment modalities
Patients either may be treatment-naive and considered ineligible for cisplatin-based chemotherapy or have recurrent disease after any prior platinum-based chemotherapy regimen and meet at least one of the following criteria:\r\n* Glomerular filtration rate ?  mL/min and <  mL/min (by Cockcroft-Gault)\r\n* Grade  or higher hearing loss\r\n* Grade  or higher peripheral neuropathy\r\n* Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status \r\n* OR have recurrent disease after any prior platinum-based chemotherapy regimen
Tumor progression within  months of platinum-based chemotherapy
Have had at least one line of prior platinum-based systemic chemotherapy once diagnosed with recurrence or metastatic disease
Patients must be on treatment with platinum-based (cisplatin, oxaliplatin or carboplatin) treatment for locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer and have received a minimum of  weeks of therapy without evidence of disease progression based on the investigators opinion\r\n* Discontinuation of the platinum component of the regimen for chemotherapy-related toxicity is permissible provided the patient has previously received at least  weeks of platinum-based therapy without evidence of disease progression =<  weeks after treatment with the platinum agent
At least  months have elapsed since platinum-based peri-operative treatment
Patient with progressive disease during first line chemotherapy with a platinum/taxane combination will be excluded
Disease progression on imaging or tumor marker progression (clinical significance of tumor marker progression to be decided per the discretion of treating physician) after at least  lines of platinum-based chemotherapies unless patient is ineligible for further platinum based chemotherapy or refuses second (nd) line platinum based chemotherapy due to toxicity; for primary mediastinal germ cell tumors, failure of first-line chemotherapy will be accepted; prior high dose chemotherapy with hematopoietic stem cell rescue is allowed; prior treatment with bevacizumab is allowed
Patients with prior treatment with platinum-based chemotherapy
Subjects who have received at least  prior platinum-based therapy. Subjects who have a non-platinum-based regimen may be enrolled with medical monitor approval.
Metastatic or locally advanced and not amenable to curative therapy with disease progression on or after platinum-based chemotherapy or alternative therapy if platinum-based therapy is not appropriate.
Subjects must have received a platinum-taxane-based regimen as first-line therapy.
Patients who have received only one prior cytotoxic regimen (platinum-based regimen for management of primary disease), must have a platinum-free interval of greater than  months
Neoadjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy with recurrence > months from completion of therapy is permitted.
Patients must be candidates for platinum based chemotherapy and previously untreated
previously received at least  but no more than  lines of therapy, one therapy must have included a platinum based regimen
Disease Progression between - months after a first or second platinum based regimen
Must have received prior treatment with a platinum-based therapy
Received first-line treatment with a platinum-based regimen and had no evidence of disease progression for >=  months after the last dose
Received second-line treatment with a platinum-based regimen, with progression of disease after attaining a response
Progression of disease based on imaging after the second-line platinum-based regimen (individuals treated with a pegylated liposomal doxorubicin-containing regimen as a second-line therapy are eligible if subsequent disease progression occurs >= months from the first dose)
Inclusion Criteria:\n\n        Disease status\n\n          -  Parts A and B/B: Histologically or cytologically confirmed advanced solid tumor that\n             is metastatic or unresectable and for which standard curative or palliative measures\n             do not exist or are no longer effective, or for whom regimens containing gemcitabine,\n             cisplatin, etoposide, and/or irinotecan might be considered, and with measurable\n             disease according to RECIST criteria\n\n          -  Part C:\n\n        For Pre-screening:\n\n          -  Advanced (metastatic or locally-advanced unresectable and not eligible for definitive\n             treatment, e.g., surgery/radiotherapy), histologically confirmed non-small cell lung\n             cancer (NSCLC)\n\n          -  Available historical tumor specimen at the time of pre-screening or willing to provide\n             a tumor biopsy (core) if the biopsy may be considered as part of standard clinical\n             practice for the participant\n\n          -  Received or did not tolerate standard approved targeted therapy, if appropriate for\n             tumor genotype\n\n        For Screening:\n\n          -  Measurable disease according to RECIST criteria\n\n             -Part C:\n\n          -  Advanced (locally-advanced incurable or metastatic) histologically confirmed estrogen\n             receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor  (HER)\n             negative breast cancer.\n\n          -  Adequate available historical tumor specimen or willing to provide a tumor biopsy\n             (core) if the biopsy may be considered as part of standard clinical practice for the\n             participant\n\n          -  Measurable disease according to RECIST criteria\n\n             -Part C:\n\n          -  Advanced (locally-advanced incurable or metastatic) histologically confirmed SCLC that\n             is platinum-resistant, defined as disease progression during initial treatment with a\n             platinum-based regimen or progression within  days of completion of platinum\n             therapy. Participants with platinum-resistant disease may receive a second-line\n             non-platinum-based chemotherapy and subsequently be enrolled to this study.\n             Participants who received and are resistant to a second-line platinum-based\n             chemotherapy may also be enrolled into the study.\n\n          -  Adequate available historical tumor specimen or willing to provide a tumor biopsy\n             (core) if the biopsy may be considered as part of standard clinical practice for the\n             participant\n\n          -  Measurable disease according to RECIST criteria\n\n          -  WHO performance status of  or \n\n          -  Life expectancy of >= week\n\n          -  Hematological and biochemical indices within protocol specified ranges at screening.\n\n        Exclusion Criteria:\n\n          -  Radiotherapy (except for palliative reasons) endocrine therapy, immunotherapy, or\n             chemotherapy during the previous  weeks ( weeks for nitrosoureas and Mitomycin-C,\n             and  weeks for investigational medicinal products) or less than  drug half-lives,\n             whichever greater, before first dose of study drug.\n\n          -  Parts A, B and B:\n\n               -  Greater than  cycles of prior treatment with cisplatin and/or carboplatin.\n\n                    . Part A/B: History of prior dose reductions or dose interruptions while\n                       receiving cisplatin or carboplatin due to toxicity from the platinum or\n                       intolerance to either agent.\n\n                    . Part B: Prior exposure to irinotecan is permitted except for participants\n                       with a known hypersensitivity reaction to irinotecan.\n\n               -  Participants with a known history of Grade  thrombocytopenia or Grade \n                  neutropenia while receiving prior therapy.\n\n          -  Part C:\n\n               -  Any cytotoxic chemotherapy beyond  line of platinum-based chemotherapy. One\n                  additional line of non-platinum based therapy in the advanced setting\n\n                    . Pre-screening Only*: Participants may currently be receiving platinum-based\n                       chemotherapy in the advanced setting, or have completed  line of\n                       platinum-based chemotherapy and are currently receiving a second-line\n                       non-platinum-based therapy or maintenance therapy\n\n                    . There is no restriction on prior immunotherapy or targeted therapy unless\n                       combined together with a cytotoxic agent\n\n               -  Any prior gemcitabine for the treatment of NSCLC in any setting within  months\n\n               -  Participants who are known to be TP wild-type, unless they are determined to\n                  have ATM loss of expression during screening or pre-screening or until all the\n                  planned participants with TP mutation are enrolled as determined by the medical\n                  monitor\n\n               -  Participants with unknown TP mutational status will be enrolled until the group\n                  of approximately  participants without TP mutation or until all the planned\n                  participants with TP mutation are enrolled as determined by the medical monitor\n\n          -  Part C:\n\n               -  Any prior platinum therapy in the adjuvant or neoadjuvant within  months of\n                  screening\n\n               -  Relapse within  months of completion of prior adjuvant or neoadjuvant\n                  chemotherapy\n\n               -  Any prior chemotherapy in the metastatic setting with the exception of either a\n                  taxane or an anthracycline in the first-line metastatic setting\n\n                  (a) There is no restriction on prior immunotherapy or targeted therapy in the\n                  metastatic setting unless combined together with a cytotoxic agent\n\n               -  Participants with known BRCA/BRCA germline mutations, either determined and\n                  documented prior to Screening, or determined during Screening. Participants with\n                  unknown BRCA/BRCA status may be enrolled at discretion of the sponsor\n\n               -  Participants who are documented to be non-basaloid subtype using molecular\n                  profiling assay (e.g. PAM assay) prior to Screening\n\n               -  Participants with unknown BRCA/BRCA or basaloid subtype status will be enrolled\n                  until the number of enrolled participant is approximately . If approximately \n                  participants have been enrolled and a minimum of  participants who are basaloid\n                  positive and BRCA/BRCA germline wild-type have not been enrolled, the basaloid\n                  subtype and BRCA status assay will be required at Screening to exclude\n                  participants who are basaloid negative or have BRCA/BRCA germline mutations.\n\n          -  Part C:\n\n               -  Prior platinum-sensitive participants , unless they progress on or within  days\n                  of completion of platinum-based regimen\n\n               -  There is no restriction on prior immunotherapy or targeted therapy in the\n                  metastatic setting unless combined together with a cytotoxic agent\n\n               -  During prior carboplatin therapy, requirement for dose reduction below AUC \n                  mg.min/mL or discontinuation of carboplatin for toxicity or lack of tolerability.\n\n          -  Unresolved toxicity of Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) Grade \n             or greater from previous anti-cancer therapy or radiotherapy\n\n          -  History of spinal cord compression or brain metastases, unless asymptomatic, treated,\n             stable, and not requiring treatment with steroids for at least  weeks before first\n             dose of study drug. Any history of leptomeningeal metastases.\n\n          -  Female participants who are already pregnant or lactating, or plan to become pregnant\n             within  months of the last dose of study drug are excluded. Female participants of\n             childbearing potential must adhere to contraception guidelines\n\n          -  Male participants with partners of child-bearing potential must agree to adhere to\n             contraception guidelines. Men with pregnant or lactating partners or partners who plan\n             to become pregnant during the study or within  months of the last dose of study drug\n             are excluded\n\n          -  Serious cardiac or other co-morbid disease, as specified in the protocol\n\n          -  Prior bone marrow transplant or extensive radiotherapy to greater than % of bone\n             marrow\n\n          -  Part C:\n\n               -  Current malignancies of other types, with the exception of adequately treated\n                  cone-biopsied in situ carcinoma of the cervix uteri and basal or squamous cell\n                  carcinoma of the skin\n\n          -  Major surgery =< weeks before starting study drug, or incomplete recovery from a\n             prior major surgical procedure.
Any number of prior lines of systemic therapy may have been received for advanced (recurrent, locally advanced, or metastatic) SCC of the lung, but at least one must have been a platinum-based chemotherapy regimen. Platinum therapy may be given on-label or as part of a clinical trial.
Patients must have had one prior platinum-based chemotherapeutic regimen for management of primary disease.
Be considered ineligible to receive cisplatin-based combination therapy, based on protocol-defined criteria.
Cohort A: Has received  to  additional prior lines for treating ROC (or - total prior lines counting the front line) and must have a platinum-free interval (PFI) of ?  to  months if the last regimen received is a platinum-based, or a treatment-free interval (TFI) of ?  to  months if the last regimen received is a non-platinum-based
Cohort B: Has received  to  additional prior lines for treating ROC (or - total prior lines counting the front line) and must have a PFI of ?  months if the last regimen received is a platinum-based, or a TFI of ?  months if the last regimen received is a non-platinum-based
Have progressed during or after platinum-based chemotherapy for advanced disease.
Metastatic bladder cancer with disease progression on or after platinum-based chemotherapy
Have progressed after platinum-based chemotherapy (with or without maintenance therapy) AND have received one additional therapy which may include an immune checkpoint inhibitor or other anti-cancer therapy for advanced and/or metastatic disease OR is judged by the physician as ineligible for further standard second-line chemotherapy. Participants who have progressed after platinum-based chemotherapy and an immune checkpoint inhibitor (immunotherapy) e.g. pembrolizumab or nivolumab alone or in combination with other agents are eligible.
Maintenance therapy following platinum doublet-based chemotherapy is not considered as a separate regimen of therapy
Received ? prior platinum-based treatment regimens including platinum based regimen that must have been administered immediately prior to maintenance therapy in this trial.
Must have had at least a -month disease-free period following prior treatment with the penultimate platinum-based chemotherapy and achieved a response.
For the last chemotherapy course prior to study entry, patients must have received a platinum-based doublet chemotherapy regimen and have achieved a CR or PR (as defined by RECIST) and/or a GCIG CA- response.
Documented relapse or disease progression during or after first-line platinum-based therapy (subjects refractory to initial platinum-based therapy are eligible).
Candidate for re-treatment with original platinum-based regimen as second-line therapy.
At least  but no more than  weeks between the administration of the last cycle of platinum-based chemotherapy and randomization.
The patient must have received an appropriate platinum-based chemotherapy in the first line setting.
The patient must have demonstrated disease progression following platinum-based chemotherapy.
Participants must have received a first-line platinum-based chemotherapy regimen
Must have recurrence or progression after platinum-based first-line chemotherapy or chemoradiation therapy for the treatment of limited or extensive disease stage SCLC
Histologically or cytologically confirmed recurrent, metastatic or unresectable HNSCC of the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, and larynx that that has either progressed during or after platinum-based chemotherapy administered for metastatic disease or has recurred during or within  months after the completion of platinum-based neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy
Histologically confirmed recurrent or metastatic NSCLC (adenocarcinoma, large cell, squamous cell, or not otherwise specified) that has either progressed during or after platinum-based chemotherapy
Received at least  platinum-based chemotherapy regimen. Note: Subjects with EGFR mutations or ALK translocations are required to have received prior therapy with appropriate TKI; prior platinum-based chemotherapy is not required for this specific patient population
Documented radiographic disease progression <  months after the last dose of first- or second-line platinum-based chemotherapy.
Disease progression or recurrence after both a platinum-based chemotherapy regimen and at least  additional regimen for treatment of NSCLC
For platinum sensitive cohort\r\n* Cancer that has not progressed within  months of the last receipt of platinum-based chemotherapy\r\n* No limit on the number of platinum-based lines\r\n* No more than one prior non-platinum based line of therapy in the recurrent setting
Patients with endometrial cancer or endometrial carcinosarcoma may either be chemotherapy naive or have had one prior line of chemotherapy that must have been a platinum-based chemotherapy regimen in the adjuvant or advanced/recurrent setting; the initial platinum-based treatment may have included consolidation/maintenance and/or biologic/targeted agents as part of first-line treatment; patients entering the trial chemotherapy naive must have stage IVB or recurrent disease and have disease that is not amenable to curative intent
Once subjects on the platinum-based doublet chemotherapy arm are determined to have objective radiological progression according to RECIST . by the investigator and confirmed by independent central imaging review.
At least  days since last dose of platinum-based doublet chemotherapy
Patients must have received at least  cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy concurrent with radiation therapy.
Disease progression or recurrence after both a platinum-based chemotherapy and at least  additional regimen for treatment of NSCLC
Progression has occurred within  days of platinum based chemotherapy consisting of minimum of two cycles of cisplatin-based (? mg/m/cycle) or carboplatin-based (? mg/m/cycle, or area under the time-concentration curve ?) chemotherapy.
Patients must have received at least one platinum based chemotherapy, and not more than two prior chemotherapy agents and three prior therapies if EGFR or ALK TKI received for EGFR mutation or ALK translocation positive stage IIIB/IV disease\r\n* Patients who received adjuvant or neoadjuvant platinum-doublet chemotherapy (after surgery and/or radiation therapy) and developed recurrent or metastatic disease within  months of completing therapy are eligible and the adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy will count as a line of therapy as above\r\n* Subjects with recurrent disease >  months after adjuvant or neoadjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy, who also subsequently progressed during or after a platinum-doublet regimen given to treat the recurrences, are eligible and do not count as another line of therapy for advanced disease\r\n* Subjects who received pemetrexed, bevacizumab, or erlotinib as maintenance therapy (nonprogressors with platinum-based doublet chemotherapy) and subsequently progressed after maintenance therapy are eligible and do not count as a line of therapy; however, subjects who received a tyrosine kinase inhibitor after failure of a prior platinum-based therapy, that tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy would count as an additional line of therapy
Patient must have received a platinum based chemotherapy regimen (e.g. carboplatin or cisplatin) and have received at least  cycles of treatment
Disease recurrence or progression during/after one prior platinum doublet-based chemotherapy regimen for advanced or metastatic disease
Have been treated one time with a platinum-based chemotherapy and your disease has come back at least six months after you completed treatment
Patients who will receive CXRT with platinum/taxane-based chemotherapy and with a total radiation dose of >or =  Gy, per treating physician's assessment
At least one prior line of platinum-based chemotherapy or patient must have refused cytotoxic chemotherapy; progressive disease must be documented prior to study entry
Progressive or recurrent disease occurring\r\n* During or after treatment with a platinum containing regimen (cisplatin or carboplatin or novel platinum) in either in the metastatic or perioperative setting\r\n* In first-line patients defined as platinum ineligible based on renal impairment (creatinine clearance calculated by Cockcroft-Gault method <  ml/min), grade  hearing loss and/or Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) status of ; these patients will be chemotherapy naive or have received platinum based therapy in the adjuvant or neoadjuvant setting more than  months prior to study entry
Subjects must have received at least  prior platinum-based line of chemotherapy for ovarian cancer. Note: There is no limit on the number of lines of chemotherapy;
Prior systemic regimens must include at least  cycles of a platinum-based therapy and may include platinum therapy used as a radiosensitizer. Maintenance chemotherapy is allowed.
Subjects are eligible after first line platinum based chemotherapy if their disease has relapsed and they have primary mediastinal non seminomatous germ cell tumor (PMNSGCT) or late relapse (>  years) not amenable to surgical resection
Recurrent or progressive disease after one prior platinum-based non-pemetrexed chemotherapy treatment for advanced disease with or without maintenance
Participants must have progressed on one prior line of platinum-based chemotherapy in the advanced or metastatic setting.
Participants who received prior therapy with paclitaxel as a part of the platinum-based doublet front-line regimen without PD on therapy.
Patients who have received only one prior cytotoxic regimen (platinum based regimen for management of primary disease), must have a platinum-free interval of  to  months; patients who have progressed during platinum-based therapy or have persistent disease after a platinum-based therapy are excluded
Patients who have progressed during initial platinum-based therapy in the upfront setting, who have persistent disease after this initial platinum-based therapy, or who have recurrence less than  months from adjuvant chemotherapy are excluded
Histologically confirmed, adenocarcinoma of the lung, after failure of first line platinum-based chemotherapy.
Treatment naive OR one prior standard chemotherapy that is platinum-based
Maintenance therapy for patients after completion of four cycles of dual-agent platinum-based chemotherapy
Eligibility for platinum-based chemotherapy
Patients with recurrent or metastatic disease resistant to platinum-based chemotherapy (defined as progression while on platinum-based chemotherapy given in the recurrent/metastatic setting). Pretreatment with cetuximab is allowed
Patients must be resistant to platinum-based chemotherapy, or be ineligible (due to medical comorbidities) or intolerant to platinum-based therapy per medical history
Prior therapy with an anti-HER agent and/or platinum-based chemotherapeutic agent
After concomitant platinum-based CRT, no evidence of disease (NED) on clinical and radiographic examinations
Recurrent or progressive disease on or after initial platinum-based chemotherapy
Progression or relapse from prior platinum-based chemotherapy must be documented radiographically by RECISTv. criteria For ovarian cancer dose expansion cohorts only:
Primary refractory disease (progressive disease on initial platinum based chemotherapy) or chemotherapy-resistant disease (disease progression within  days of completion of initial chemotherapy)
Previously treated with one platinum-based chemotherapy
Eligible patients are those with documented disease recurrence/progression within - months of completing platinum-based chemotherapy
Prior chemotherapy that included a platinum agent
For ovarian cancer participants only, platinum-based chemotherapy within  months prior to Day .
Received a minimum of one course of treatment that included at least one platinum-based chemotherapy doublet for metastatic or locally recurrent disease.
For Part , subject has ovarian cancer that was previously treated with platinum based chemotherapy resulting in progression free survival for <  months from the completion of treatment.
Progression during or after platinum-based therapy for recurrent or metastatic ESCC, or recurrence within  months of platinum-based chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy for localized disease.
Prior treatment with crizotinib and progression according to RECIST v. criteria with the last dose of crizotinib within  days from enrolment; patients can either be chemotherapy-nave or have received at least one line of platinum-based chemotherapy
Patients must have had one prior platinum-based chemotherapy regimen for management of primary disease
Patients who have received only one prior cytotoxic regimen (platinum-based regimen for management of primary disease), must have a platinum-free interval of less than  months, or have progressed during platinum-based therapy, or have persistent disease after a platinum-based therapy
Patients must have completed front-line, platinum-based chemotherapy with CR, PR, or NED and have first study treatment dose within  weeks of the first day of the last cycle of chemotherapy:
A platinum-based regimen must have consisted of a minimum of  and a maximum of  treatment cycles. Patients who discontinued platinum-based therapy early as a result of non hematologic toxicity specifically related to the platinum regimen (ie, neurotoxicity or hypersensitivity) are eligible if they have received a minimum of  cycles of the platinum regimen.
Patients must have received, prior to enrollment, a minimum of  cycles of bevacizumab in combination with the last  cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy. Patients who undergo interval debulking surgery are eligible if they have received only  cycles of bevacizumab in combination with the last  cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy.
Progressive disease on or after first-line platinum-based chemotherapy regimen for R/M SCCHN (maximum of  cycles)
No more than one platinum-based chemotherapy regimen for R/M SCCHN is allowed
Prior platinum-based treatment as definitive chemo/radiotherapy for locally advanced disease is allowed if completed/terminated >/=  months before the platinum-based regimen for R/M SCCHN
Any other than one previous platinum based systemic regimen given for R/M disease
Patients must have experienced progressive disease following at least one platinum-based chemotherapy regimen in the setting of advanced disease or have progressed within  months of receiving chemotherapy as part of loco-regional therapy
Initiation of first-line chemotherapy with a platinum-pemetrexed-based regimen within  days of registration or planning to initiate within  days after registration; no planned initiation of definitive (potentially curative) concurrent chemo-radiation
There is no upper limit of prior therapies but patients must have had one prior chemotherapeutic regimen for management of endometrial carcinoma; initial treatment may include chemotherapy, chemotherapy and radiation therapy, and/or consolidation/maintenance therapy; any platinum based chemotherapy (single agent platinum or any platinum doublet) administered in conjunction with primary radiation as a radio-sensitizer WILL be counted as a systemic chemotherapy regimen; furthermore, patients who have only received chemotherapy in the adjuvant setting will be eligible for the study
Have ED-SCLC and have received a prior platinum-based regimen
Patients must not have received any prior taxane or platinum based chemotherapy
Patient must have completed - cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy (+/- thoracic radiotherapy)
Patients who are planned to receive definitive or adjuvant radiotherapy with concurrent platinum-based chemotherapy
Metastatic or advanced endometrial carcinoma previously treated with at least  platinum-based chemotherapeutic regimen.
Suitable to receive a platinum-based chemotherapy regimen as st line treatment.
Patients can either be chemotherapy-naive or have received at least one line of platinum-based chemotherapy for locally advanced or metastatic disease; acute effects of therapy must have resolved to baseline severity or to CTCAE grade =<  except for AEs that in the investigators judgment do not constitute a safety risk for the patient
Have pathologically proven ovarian cancer or cancer of mullerian origin that requires first-line treatment with a taxane + platinum based chemotherapy regimen
Has received systemic chemotherapy for ovarian cancer or cancer of mullerian origin other than first-line treatment with a taxane + platinum based chemotherapy regimen
Scheduled to receive front-line platinum-based chemotherapy with carboplatin or cisplatin plus etoposide
Received debulking surgery and preoperative and/or postoperative platinum-based frontline chemotherapy (intravenous and/or intraperitoneal) for the treatment of EOC/FTC/PPC.
PD during or following at least  prior treatment. Participants should have received a prior platinum-based -drug regimen for locally advanced, unresectable/ inoperable or metastatic NSCLC or disease recurrence within  months of treatment with a platinum-based adjuvant/neoadjuvant regimen or combined modality (example, chemoradiation) regimen with curative intent.
Considered to be eligible to receive platinum-based chemotherapy, in the investigator's judgment
Part B: must have received at least  prior therapy containing platinum-based chemotherapy for advanced/metastatic NSCLC
Patients who have had prior platinum-based therapy who have > grade  neurotoxicity or ototoxicity at the time of enrollment will not be permitted on study
Progression after platinum-based chemotherapy