--- a
+++ b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+repos:
+  # Ruff mne
+  - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
+    rev: v0.11.5
+    hooks:
+      - id: ruff
+        name: ruff lint mne
+        args: ["--fix"]
+        files: ^mne/|^tools/
+        exclude: vulture_allowlist.py
+      - id: ruff
+        name: ruff lint mne preview
+        args: ["--fix", "--preview", "--select=NPY201"]
+        files: ^mne/|^tools/
+      - id: ruff
+        name: ruff lint doc, tutorials, and examples
+        # D103: missing docstring in public function
+        # D400: docstring first line must end with period
+        args: ["--ignore=D103,D400", "--fix"]
+        files: ^doc/|^tutorials/|^examples/
+      - id: ruff-format
+        files: ^mne/|^doc/|^tutorials/|^examples/|^tools/
+
+  # Codespell
+  - repo: https://github.com/codespell-project/codespell
+    rev: v2.4.1
+    hooks:
+      - id: codespell
+        additional_dependencies:
+          - tomli
+        files: ^mne/|^doc/|^examples/|^tutorials/|^tools/
+        types_or: [python, bib, rst, inc]
+
+  # yamllint
+  - repo: https://github.com/adrienverge/yamllint.git
+    rev: v1.37.0
+    hooks:
+      - id: yamllint
+        args: [--strict, -c, .yamllint.yml]
+
+  # rstcheck
+  - repo: https://github.com/rstcheck/rstcheck.git
+    rev: v6.2.4
+    hooks:
+      - id: rstcheck
+        additional_dependencies:
+          - tomli
+        files: ^doc/.*\.(rst|inc)$
+        # Credit is problematic because we generate an include on the fly
+        exclude: ^doc/credit.rst$
+
+  # sorting
+  - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit-hooks
+    rev: v5.0.0
+    hooks:
+      - id: file-contents-sorter
+        files: ^doc/changes/names.inc|^.mailmap
+        args: ["--ignore-case"]
+
+  - repo: https://github.com/pappasam/toml-sort
+    rev: v0.24.2
+    hooks:
+      - id: toml-sort-fix
+        files: pyproject.toml
+
+  # dependencies
+  - repo: local
+    hooks:
+      - id: update-env-file
+        name: Copy dependency changes from pyproject.toml to environment.yml
+        language: python
+        entry: ./tools/hooks/update_environment_file.py
+        files: '^(pyproject.toml|tools/hooks/update_environment_file.py)$'
+  - repo: local
+    hooks:
+      - id: dependency-sync
+        name: Copy core dependencies from pyproject.toml to README.rst
+        language: python
+        entry: ./tools/hooks/sync_dependencies.py
+        files: '^(pyproject.toml|tools/hooks/sync_dependencies.py)$'
+        additional_dependencies: ["mne==1.9.0"]
+
+  # zizmor
+  - repo: https://github.com/woodruffw/zizmor-pre-commit
+    rev: v1.5.2
+    hooks:
+      - id: zizmor
+
+# these should *not* be run on CIs:
+ci:
+  skip: [dependency-sync]  # needs MNE to work, which exceeds the free tier space alloc.
+
+# The following are too slow to run on local commits, so let's only run on CIs:
+#
+#   - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-mypy
+#     rev: v1.9.0
+#     hooks:
+#       - id: mypy
+#
+#   - repo: https://github.com/jendrikseipp/vulture
+#     rev: 'v2.11'  # or any later Vulture version
+#     hooks:
+#       - id: vulture