--- a +++ b/DS_detect.m @@ -0,0 +1,190 @@ +function [QRS_amp,QRS_ind] = DS_detect( ecg_i,gr ) +%% function [QRS_amp,QRS_ind]=DS_detect(ecg_i,gr) +%% 输入 +% ecg_i : 原信号,一维向量 +% gr : 绘图与否,0:不绘图,1:绘图 +%% 输出 +% QRS_amp:QRS波振幅. +% QRS_ind:QRS波索引. +% 绘制图像. +%% 作者:刘文涵(WHliu@whu.edu.cn) +%% 版本:1.1 +%% 04-24-2018 +%% 代码: +if nargin < 2 + gr = 1; + if nargin<1 + error('The algorithm need a input:ecg_i.'); + end +end +if ~isvector(ecg_i) + error('ecg_i must be a row or column vector.'); +end +fs=360; +if size(ecg_i,2)<round(1.5*fs)+1 + error('The algorithm need a longer input.'); +end +tic, +s=ecg_i; +N=size(s,2); +ECG=s; +FIR_c1=[0.0041,0.0053,0.0068,0.0080,0.0081,0.0058,-0.0000,-0.0097,-0.0226,... + -0.0370,-0.0498,-0.0577,-0.0576,-0.0477,-0.0278,0,0.0318,0.0625,0.0867,... + 0.1000,0.1000,0.0867,0.0625,0.0318,0,-0.0278,-0.0477,-0.0576,-0.0577,... + -0.0498,-0.0370,-0.0226,-0.0097,-0.0000,0.0058,0.0081,0.0080,0.0068,... + 0.0053,0.0041]; % 使用fdatool设计并导出的滤波器系数,带通FIR,15~25Hz,详情使用fdatool打开DS1.fda查看 +FIR_c2=[0.0070,0.0094,0.0162,0.0269,0.0405,0.0555,0.0703,0.0833,0.0928,... + 0.0979,0.0979,0.0928,0.0833,0.0703,0.0555,0.0405,0.0269,0.0162,0.0094,... + 0.0070]; % 使用fdatool设计并导出的滤波器系数,低通FIR,截止频率5Hz,详情使用fdatool打开DS2.fda查看 + +l1=size(FIR_c1,2); +ECG_l=[ones(1,l1)*ECG(1) ECG ones(1,l1)*ECG(N)]; % 数据点延拓,防止滤波边缘效应; +ECG=filter(FIR_c1,1,ECG_l); % 使用filter滤波; +ECG=ECG((l1+1):(N+l1)); % 前面延拓了数据点,这里截取有用的部分; + +%% 双斜率处理 +a=round(0.015*fs); % 两侧目标区间0.015~0.060s; +b=round(0.060*fs); +Ns=N-2*b; % 确保在不超过信号长度; +S_l=zeros(1,b-a+1); +S_r=zeros(1,b-a+1); +S_dmax=zeros(1,Ns); +for i=1:Ns % 对每个点双斜率处理; + for k=a:b + S_l(k-a+1)=(ECG(i+b)-ECG(i+b-k))./k; + S_r(k-a+1)=(ECG(i+b)-ECG(i+b+k))./k; + end + S_lmax=max(S_l); + S_lmin=min(S_l); + S_rmax=max(S_r); + S_rmin=min(S_r); + C1=S_rmax-S_lmin; + C2=S_lmax-S_rmin; + S_dmax(i)=max([C1 C2]); +end + +%% 再次进行低通滤波,思路与上述带通滤波一致 +l2=size(FIR_c2,2); +S_dmaxl=[ones(1,l2)*S_dmax(1) S_dmax ones(1,l2)*S_dmax(Ns)]; +S_dmaxt=filter(FIR_c2,1,S_dmaxl); +S_dmaxt=S_dmaxt((l2+1):(Ns+l2)); + +%% 滑动窗口积分 +w=8;wd=7; +d_l=[zeros(1,w) S_dmaxt zeros(1,w)]; % 零延拓,确保所有的点都可以进行窗口积分 +m=zeros(1,Ns); + for n=(w+1):(Ns+w) % 滑动窗口; + m(n-w)=sum(d_l(n-w:n+w)); % 积分; + end +m_l=[ones(1,wd)*m(1) m ones(1,wd)*m(Ns)]; + +%% 双阈值检测与动态变化 +QRS_buf1=[]; % 存储检测到的QRS波索引 +AMP_buf1=[]; % 存储最近检测到的8个QRS波对应特征信号的波峰值 +thr_init0=0.4;thr_lim0=0.23; +thr_init1=0.6;thr_lim1=0.3; %% 阈值变化的初始值和下限设置 +en=-1; % 标记波峰检出情况,高于高阈值--1,高低阈值之间--0,未检出-- -1 +thr0=thr_init0; +thr1=thr_init1; +thr1_buf=[]; % 阈值缓存,记录阈值变化情况; +thr0_buf=[]; +for j=8:Ns + t=1; + cri=1; + while t<=wd&&cri>0 % 检测候选波峰; + cri=((m_l(j)-m_l(j-t))>0)&&(m_l(j)-m_l(j+t)>0); + t=t+1; + end + if t==wd+1 + N1=size(QRS_buf1,2); %N1:已经检测到的QRS波个数 + if m_l(j)>thr1 % 高于高阈值时的处理 + if N1<2 % N1小于2时直接存储; + QRS_buf1=[QRS_buf1 (j-wd)]; % j-wd 减去了滑动窗口积分带来的延迟; + AMP_buf1=[AMP_buf1 m_l(j)]; + en=1; + else + dist=j-wd-QRS_buf1(N1); + if dist>0.24*fs % 检测波峰距离; + QRS_buf1=[QRS_buf1 (j-wd)]; + AMP_buf1=[AMP_buf1 m_l(j)]; + en=1; + else + if m_l(j)>AMP_buf1(end) % 不应期处理 + QRS_buf1(end)=j-wd; + AMP_buf1(end)=m_l(j); + en=1; + end + end + end + + else % 特征峰值低于高阈值 + + if N1<2&&m_l(j)>thr0 % 特征峰值在两阈值之间 + QRS_buf1=[QRS_buf1 (j-wd)]; + AMP_buf1=[AMP_buf1 m_l(j)]; + en=0; + else + if m_l(j)>thr0 % 特征峰值在两阈值之间 + dist_m=mean(diff(QRS_buf1)); + dist=j-wd-QRS_buf1(N1); + if dist>0.24*fs && dist>0.5*dist_m % 不应期检测,并且,波峰要距离足够远(> 平均距离的一半) + QRS_buf1=[QRS_buf1 (j-wd)]; + AMP_buf1=[AMP_buf1 m_l(j)]; + en=0; + else + if m_l(j)>AMP_buf1(end) + QRS_buf1(end)=j-wd; + AMP_buf1(end)=m_l(j); + en=0; + end + end + else + en=-1; + end + end + end + N2=size(AMP_buf1,2); + if N2>8 + AMP_buf1=AMP_buf1(2:9); % 确保只存储最近的8个特征波峰; + end + % 下面的if与博文中的公式对应 + if en==1 + thr1=0.7*mean(AMP_buf1); + thr0=0.25*mean(AMP_buf1); + else + if en==0 + thr1=thr1-(abs(m_l(j)-mean(AMP_buf1)))/2; + thr0=0.4*m_l(j); + end + end + end + if thr1<=thr_lim1 % 确保阈值高于下限 + thr1=thr_lim1; + end + + if thr0<=thr_lim0 + thr0=thr_lim0; + end + + thr1_buf=[thr1_buf thr1]; + thr0_buf=[thr0_buf thr0]; +end +delay=round(l1/2)-2*w+2; +QRS_ind=QRS_buf1-delay; % 减去延迟,得到最终结果; +QRS_amp=s(QRS_ind); +toc +if gr==1 %绘图 + subplot(2,1,1);plot(m);axis([1 size(m,2) -0.3 1.6*max(m)]); + hold on;title('Feature signal and thresholds');grid on; + plot(QRS_buf1,m(QRS_buf1),'ro'); + plot(thr1_buf,'r'); + plot(thr0_buf,'k'); + legend('Feature Signal','QRS Locations','Threshold1','Threshold0'); + subplot(2,1,2);plot(s);%axis([1 size(s,2) min(s) 1.5*max(s)]); + xlabel('n');ylabel('Voltage / mV'); + hold on;title('The result on the raw ECG');grid on; + plot(QRS_ind,QRS_amp,'ro'); + legend('Raw ECG','QRS Locations'); +end +end +