--- a +++ b/Docs/body/thoracic_model.md @@ -0,0 +1,91 @@ +(thoracic-model)= + +# Thoracic spine model + +:::{admonition} **Unreleased model:** +:class: caution +The model is under development and not yet included in the managed model repository. +The model is used in various research projects and access to the model can be given on request. Please +[contact us](mailto:sales@anybodytech.com) if you are interested in this work. +::: + + +```{image} _static/Detailed-thorax.png +``` + +The thoracic spine model consists of the thoracic vertebral column and the +ribcage, including individual ribs and a two part sternum. The many segments interconnected by joints +replicates the physiological connection and load transfer mechanisms. + + + +## Kinematics and spine rhythms + +The thoracic vertebral column contains 12 vertebrae with 3 DoF spherical joints +in between each 2 vertebrae, connecting to the cervical spine through a +spherical joint at T1C7 levels, and a spherical joint to the lumbar spine at +T12L1 levels. Costovertebral and sternocostal joint are also represented through +kinematic joints. All vertebra are linked with rhythm drivers to allow easy use. + + +```{raw} html +<video width="100%" style="display:block; margin: 0 auto;" controls autoplay loop> + <source src="../_static/rhythms.mp4" type="video/mp4"> +Your browser does not support the video tag. +</video> +``` + +## Muscles configurations + +The majority of the muscle fascicles are defined for the thoracic column, ribcage region +as well as a diaphragm muscles to simulatate breathing and abdominal volume pressure. + + +```{image} _static/Detailed-thorax2.png +``` + + +% .. image:: _static/thoracic.png + +% :width: 100% + +## Example Configuration + +The detailed thoracic model can be controlled using the `BM_*` statements like the rest of the body models. + + +```{code-block} AnyScriptDoc +:emphasize-lines: 3 + + #define BM_TRUNK_THORACIC_MODEL _THORACIC_MODEL_FLEXIBLE_ //Enables the detailed thoracic model + + #define BM_TRUNK_CAVITY_MODEL _CAVITY_MODEL_VOLUME_ //Enables the new abdominal volume model + +``` + + +```{rst-class} without-title +``` + +:::{note} +**Planned for AMMR 4.0:** The model is scheduled to be released together with AMMR 4.0, but is available on GitHub at https://github.com/anybody/ammr. +Otherwise, for early access please [contact us](mailto:sales@anybodytech.com). +::: + + + +% .. rst-class:: float-right + +% .. seealso:: + +% The :doc:`Trunk configuration parameters <../bm_config/trunk>` for a + +% full list of Trunk parmaeters. + +## References + +- Ignasiak, D., Dendorfer, S., Fergusson, S.J. (2016), "Thoracolumbar spine model with + articulated ribcage for the prediction of dynamic spinal loading", + Journal of Biomechanics, vol. 49 (6), pp. 959-966. +- Shayestehpour, H., Toerholm, S., Lund, M.E., Rasmussen, J. (To be submitted), "A generic detailed multibody thoracic spine and ribcage model." + Journal of Multibody system dynamics. \ No newline at end of file