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+# Lesson 2: Scaling based on External Body Measurements
+
+This tutorial presumes that you have completed {doc}`Scaling tutorial
+Lesson 1: Joint to joint scaling methods <lesson1>`. It
+covered the methods ScalingStandard, ScalingUniform, ScalingLengthMass
+and ScalingLengthMassFat.
+
+This lesson introduces a statistical scaling method based on external measures.
+
+## Statistical Scaling
+
+The scaling laws we discussed in Lesson 1 are using measures for the
+segment lengths based on joint-to-joint distances, but some joint
+locations cannot be easily palpated. The hip joints are a good example.
+They are located deep under the skin and are not easy to measure from
+the outside. So to facilitate scaling to individuals, another method of
+scaling is provided that use only distances between external
+bony landmarks.
+
+Here is where our [Statistical Scaling
+Plugin](https://anyscript.org/ammr/beta/Applications/Other/StatisticalScalingPlugin.html)
+comes into play. It is a plugin that can be used to scale a model by specifying
+a few anatomical or functional anthropometric parameters while calculating the
+remaining parameters based on statistical data from the ANSUR [^f1] database.
+
+In order to use the plugin, you need to include it in your model:
+
+```AnyScriptDoc
+#define BM_SCALING _SCALING_XYZ_
+#include "<ANYBODY_PATH_AMMR>/Tools/Plugins/ANSUR_Plugin.any"
+  
+// Define a path variable so the plugin knows where to write
+// Anthropometric information.
+#path ANSUR_PLUGIN_ANYMAN_FILE "AnyMan_ANSUR.any"
+#include "<ANSUR_PLUGIN_ANYMAN_FILE>"
+```
+
+We are enabling the `_SCALING_XYZ_` law. The plugin is designed to work with this scaling law only.
+We will get back to how this law works in a later lesson.
+
+Notice also that we are including the file `AnyMan_ANSUR.any` which we need to
+create in order for the plugin to work. The plugin will write the anthropometric
+information to this file. Create the file next to the main file of your model
+and add the following content:
+
+```AnyScriptDoc
+// Anthropometrics file generated based on ANSUR PCA scaling 
+Main.HumanModel.Anthropometrics = 
+{
+ BodyMass = 81.99788166330553;
+ BodyHeight = 1.8000000000000007;
+};    
+    
+Main.HumanModel.Anthropometrics.SegmentDimensions = 
+{
+  HeadDepth = DesignVar(0.19854919694591627);
+  HeadHeight = DesignVar(0.13435062679846901);
+  HeadWidth = DesignVar(0.15408461276045118);
+  Left.FootHeight = DesignVar(0.05346215076533939);
+  Left.FootLength = DesignVar(0.26540765594237714);
+  Left.FootWidth = DesignVar(0.08057585258177535);
+  Left.HandBreadth = DesignVar(0.08836086489212641);
+  Left.HandLength = DesignVar(0.18919620482784752);
+  Left.LowerArmLength = DesignVar(0.2787988940627688);
+  Left.ShankLength = DesignVar(0.44933350273014644);
+  Left.ThighLength = DesignVar(0.4329345672323976);
+  Left.UpperArmLength = DesignVar(0.31474556404210224);
+  NeckLength = DesignVar(0.13339097946419404);
+  PelvisDepth = DesignVar(0.14549510408533453);
+  PelvisHeight = DesignVar(0.10915196667715318);
+  PelvisWidth = DesignVar(0.17734410213497);
+  Right.FootHeight = DesignVar(0.05346215076533939);
+  Right.FootLength = DesignVar(0.26540765594237714);
+  Right.FootWidth = DesignVar(0.08057585258177535);
+  Right.HandBreadth = DesignVar(0.08836086489212641);
+  Right.HandLength = DesignVar(0.18919620482784752);
+  Right.LowerArmLength = DesignVar(0.2787988940627688);
+  Right.ShankLength = DesignVar(0.44933350273014644);
+  Right.ThighLength = DesignVar(0.4329345672323976);
+  Right.UpperArmLength = DesignVar(0.31474556404210224);
+  TrunkDepth = DesignVar(0.1943939027626778);
+  TrunkHeight = DesignVar(0.6496243660543214);
+  TrunkWidth = DesignVar(0.3781679964242773);
+};
+```
+
+After saving this file, you can load the model and the anthropometrics from the
+file will be used to scale the model.
+
+To change the scaling of the model you can start the plugin by clicking the
+**ANSUR Configuration** from the tools line:
+
+```{image} _static/lesson2/ANSUR_Plugin_toolbar_icon.jpg
+```
+
+This will bring up the plugin window:
+
+```{image} _static/lesson2/ANSUR_plugin_window.jpg
+```
+
+The plugin has 4 tabs:
+
+- **Basic Input**: This tab allows you to overwrite *Stature*, *Weight*, *BMI*,
+  *Fat percentage* and select gender.
+- **Functional Dimensions**: This tab allows you to select a functional
+  dimension from a drop down list. It will display a image of the dimension
+  applied to the model and allow you to enter a value for the dimension or
+  select if the plugin should calculate the value based on the other dimensions.
+- **Anatomical Dimensions**: This tab allows you to select a anatomical
+  dimension based on the available dimensions of the model. It will display a
+  image of the dimension applied to the model and allow you to enter a value for
+  the dimension or select if the plugin should calculate the value based on the
+  other dimensions.
+- **About**: This tab contains information about the plugin.
+
+At the bottom of the window you can see the **Load to AMS** button. This button
+will write the selected dimensions to the file `AnyMan_ANSUR.any` and load the
+model.
+
+```{rubric} Footnotes
+```
+
+[^f1]: Gordon, C. C. et al. 1988 Anthropometric Survey of U.S. Army personnel: methods and summary statistics. (US Army Natick Research, Development and Engineering Center, 1989).
+
+:::{admonition} **Next lesson:**
+:class: seealso
+
+{doc}`lesson3`.
+:::