White blood cells called leukocytes include two groups of phagocytes and lymphocytes
. While phagocytes comprise cells of the innate immune system and function rapidly after infection, lymphocytes mediate the acquired immune response. Phagocytes, themselves, can be divided into granulocytes (neutrophils
, basophils
, and eosinophils
) and monocytes
. In Table 1. and Fig 1., you can see the characteristics and images of the five categories of white blood cells.
Fig 1. Five types of white blood cells in the normal peripheral blood.
Table 1. Characteristics of white blood cells.
WBCs | % In blood | Nucleus | Cytoplasm | Size (μm) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Neutrophils | 60% | It's divided into 2 to 5 segments and stains dark purple (multi-lobed) | It's pale pink to tan with pink-purple granules | 12–16 |
Eosinophils | 3% | It has 2 lobes that each stains purple, and is difficult to be seen | It's pale pink-tan but contains large purple/blue-black granules which obscure the cell nucleus | 14–16 |
Basophils | 1% | It's divided into 2 to 5 segments and stains dark purple (multi-lobed) | It's pale pink to tan with pink-purple granules | 14–16 |
Monocytes | 6% | It's singular and is kidney shaped (convoluted shape), bean shaped or horseshoe shaped with deep indentation | It stains a blue-gray color and is "ground glass" with tiny granules, Vacuoles are sometimes present in it | 14–20 |
Lymphocytes | 30% | It's large, round or oval, and is dark staining | It is not present or very small, and is pale blue in color, and occasionally has purple-reddish granules | 8–15 |
Two notebooks have been created to solve the classification of white blood cells problem using the transfer learning method on two pre-trained networks Resnet50 and InceptionV3.
Github Notebook
Kaggle Notebook
One of the weak points of this dataset is the lack of balance in the number of images of 5 classes, which can be solved with data augmentation technique.
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