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+<H3><A NAME="SECTION00040300000000000000">Relationship of Stride Dynamics to Height</A></H3>
+<P>
+In children, many aspects of gait depend on body size.  For example, over
+certain age ranges, stride length increases linearly with age, but
+the relationship between stride length and age becomes constant after
+adjusting for height or leg length  (2).
+Similarly, we observed a significant increase (p
+&lt; .0001) in velocity in the 6 and 7 year old children (1.20 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png">
+0.03 m/sec) compared to the 3 and 4 year old children (1.00 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 0.03
+m/sec). However, relative velocity (velocity/height) was
+essentially identical in these two groups (p = 0.92).
+  To begin to
+evaluate whether the changes in stride dynamics were only a function
+of changes in biomechanics related to growth, we  normalized the dynamical
+measures with respect to height. In the present study, height
+increased linearly with age (r = 0.96; p &lt; .0001). 
+Variability is inversely related to age (Figure 3). Thus, we
+normalized the dynamical variables (either by appropriately dividing
+or multiplying by height) and re-examined the relationship with
+age. The age-dependence persisted when 
+the measures of variability and dynamics were adjusted for height
+or if leg length was used instead of height as the normalizing factor.
+For example, the CV  normalized with respect to leg length
+was 128 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 10, 83 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 5, and 67 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 3 in the 3 and 4 year olds, 6 and 7 year olds, 
+and in the 11 to 14 year olds, respectively. 
+The difference between the 6 and 7 year olds and the 11 to 14 year olds was significant (p &lt; .05). The  CV in the 3 and 4 year old was significantly
+increased 
+(p &lt; .0005) compared to both older groups.
+<P>
+Finally, we note that consistent with previous findings  (26)
+the average values of stride time and walking velocity were age-dependent.
+Mean stride time was 900 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 14 msec in the 3 and 4 year olds,
+increased (p &lt; .01)  to 955 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 12 msec in the 6 and 7 year olds, and
+increased further (p &lt; .0001 )  in the 11 to 14 year olds (1072 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 18
+msec).  Walking velocity was 1.00 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 0.03 m/sec in the 3 and 4 year
+olds, 1.20 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 0.03 m/sec in the 6 and 7 year olds, and 1.28 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png">
+.0.03 m/sec in the 11 to 14 year olds. The difference between the
+youngest and two older groups was significant (p &lt; .0001); however, walking velocity
+was not significantly different in the 6 and 7 year olds and the 11 to
+14 year olds.
+<P>
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