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<H1><A NAME="SECTION00090000000000000000">Figure Legends</A></H1>
<P>
<DL ><DT><DD> Figure 1: Representative walking time series of 4, 7 and 11 year old children.
The stride-to-stride
fluctuations are largest
in the 4 year old and smallest in the 11 year old. The coefficient
of variation, a measure of variability, was 8.4, 4.3 and 1.9 % in the
4, 7 and 11 year old, respectively.
<P>
<DT><DD> Figure 2: Representative time series after detrending (for same
datasets as shown in Figure 1). Even after detrending, which minimizes the
effects of local changes in the mean value, stride-to-stride
fluctuations in stride time are still largest in the 4 year old and smallest
in the 11 year old. The standard deviation was 60, 27 and 20 msec for
the time series of these 4, 7 and 11 year old subjects. (For graphical
purposes, 2 off-scale data points with values between .2 and .3 sec are not shown for the 4 year old.)
<P>
<DT><DD> Figure 3: Stride time variability as a function of age. Shown
is the coefficient of variation (CV) calculated during the 30 stride sub-section of each
subject's time series with the lowest variability. Even during this
period of relatively steady walking, gait variability decreases with age. The
inset shows the data points replotted on log-log axes. The slope of the best fit line
is close to -1.0, indicating that CV decreases inversely with age
(<IMG WIDTH=102 HEIGHT=33 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline446" SRC="img15.png">). Note how the stride time variability observed in the oldest
children approaches that of healthy adults (12) (error bars correspond to
the mean <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> the standard error for young adults).
<P>
<DT><DD> Figure 4: Representative results of spectral analysis (for datasets
shown in Figure 1). The time series were normalized so that
the total power is the same in each of the spectra. Note the subtle
decrease
in low frequency power and increase in high frequency power with age.
The ratio of low (0.05 to 0.25 stride<IMG WIDTH=15 HEIGHT=9 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline306" SRC="img8.png">) to high frequency power
(0.25--0.50
strides<IMG WIDTH=15 HEIGHT=9 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline306" SRC="img8.png">)
was 9.0, 4.6 and 1.5 for
the 4, 7 and 11 year old, respectively.
<P>
<DT><DD> Figure 5: Ratio of power in the relatively low (0.1 to 0.2 stride<IMG WIDTH=15 HEIGHT=9 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline306" SRC="img8.png">)
to relatively high (0.3 to 0.4 stride<IMG WIDTH=15 HEIGHT=9 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline306" SRC="img8.png">) frequency bands decreases with age.
Note that this index of stride dynamics excludes highest and
lowest frequencies.
In the oldest
children, the ratio approaches that of healthy adults (error bars correspond to
the mean <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> the standard error for young adults).
See also Table 3.
<P>
<DT><DD> Figure 6: Fractal scaling index, <IMG WIDTH=10 HEIGHT=9 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline314" SRC="img11.png">, decreases with age.
This finding suggests an age-related change in stride-to-stride dynamics over the
range of 10 to 20 strides. The scaling exponent shown here was
determined after 2nd order detrending of each window of observation.
Note how <IMG WIDTH=10 HEIGHT=9 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline314" SRC="img11.png"> observed in the oldest
children approaches that of healthy adults (error bars correspond to
the mean <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> the standard error for young adults).
<P>
</DL>
<P>
<SMALL CLASS=SMALL>
<P>
<SMALL CLASS=SMALL>
=.2in
<BR><IMG WIDTH=661 HEIGHT=497 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="boxedminipage103" SRC="img16.png"><BR>
<P><P>
<P>
<IMG WIDTH=4 HEIGHT=6 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline468" SRC="img17.png">Note that unlike variability measures, temporal structure measures
are sensitive to the order of the data points in the time series.
<P><P>
<P>
<P><P>
<P>
<DIV ALIGN=CENTER><P ALIGN=CENTER><TABLE COLS=5 BORDER FRAME=BOX RULES=GROUPS>
<COLGROUP><COL ALIGN=LEFT><COL ALIGN=LEFT><COLGROUP><COL ALIGN=CENTER><COLGROUP><COL ALIGN=CENTER><COLGROUP><COL ALIGN=CENTER>
<TBODY>
<TR><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP COLSPAN=5>
<B>Table 2: Stride Time Variability</B></TD></TR>
</TBODY><TBODY>
<TR><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP COLSPAN=1></TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP COLSPAN=1>
</TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP COLSPAN=1>
3 & 4 Year Olds</TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP COLSPAN=1>
6 & 7 Year Olds</TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP COLSPAN=1>
11--14 Year Olds</TD></TR>
</TBODY><TBODY>
<TR><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP>SD (msec) </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP> Original Time Series </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 55 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 5<IMG WIDTH=11 HEIGHT=6 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline472" SRC="img18.png"> </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 31 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 2 </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 23 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 1<IMG WIDTH=4 HEIGHT=6 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline468" SRC="img17.png"> </TD></TR>
</TBODY><TBODY>
<TR><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP></TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP> After Detrending </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 48 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 4<IMG WIDTH=11 HEIGHT=6 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline472" SRC="img18.png"> </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 28 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 1 </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 22 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 1<IMG WIDTH=4 HEIGHT=6 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline468" SRC="img17.png">,<IMG WIDTH=3 HEIGHT=12 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline490" SRC="img19.png"> </TD></TR>
</TBODY><TBODY>
<TR><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP></TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP> 1st 30 Strides </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 47 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 5<IMG WIDTH=11 HEIGHT=6 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline472" SRC="img18.png"> </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 25 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 1 </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 17 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 1<IMG WIDTH=4 HEIGHT=6 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline468" SRC="img17.png">,<IMG WIDTH=3 HEIGHT=12 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline490" SRC="img19.png"> </TD></TR>
</TBODY><TBODY>
<TR><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP>CV (%) </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP> Original Time Series </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 6.1 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 0.5<IMG WIDTH=11 HEIGHT=6 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline472" SRC="img18.png"> </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 3.3 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 0.2 </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 2.1 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 0.1<IMG WIDTH=15 HEIGHT=9 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline512" SRC="img20.png"><IMG WIDTH=3 HEIGHT=12 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline490" SRC="img19.png"> </TD></TR>
</TBODY><TBODY>
<TR><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP></TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP> Lowest 30 stride segment </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 3.1 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 0.2<IMG WIDTH=11 HEIGHT=6 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline472" SRC="img18.png"> </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 1.8 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 0.1 </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 1.2 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 0.1<IMG WIDTH=15 HEIGHT=9 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline512" SRC="img20.png"><IMG WIDTH=3 HEIGHT=12 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline490" SRC="img19.png"> </TD></TR>
</TBODY><TBODY>
<TR><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP></TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP> 1st 30 Strides </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 5.1 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 0.5<IMG WIDTH=11 HEIGHT=6 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline472" SRC="img18.png"> </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 2.6 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 0.1 </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 1.6 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 0.1<IMG WIDTH=15 HEIGHT=9 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline512" SRC="img20.png"><IMG WIDTH=3 HEIGHT=12 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline490" SRC="img19.png"> </TD></TR>
</TBODY>
</TABLE>
</P></DIV>
<P>
SD: standard deviation; CV: coefficient of variation. <IMG WIDTH=4 HEIGHT=6 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline468" SRC="img17.png"> and <IMG WIDTH=11 HEIGHT=6 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline472" SRC="img18.png"> denote p < .005 and p < .0001, respectively,
compared to the 6 and 7 year olds. <IMG WIDTH=3 HEIGHT=12 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline490" SRC="img19.png"> denotes p < .0001
comparing the oldest and youngest groups.
Kruskal-Wallis tests detected
significant differences among the three groups for all measures (p <
.0001).
<P>
<P><P>
<P><P>
<P>
<P>
<P><P>
<P><P>
<P>
<DIV ALIGN=CENTER><P ALIGN=CENTER><TABLE COLS=4 BORDER FRAME=BOX RULES=GROUPS>
<COLGROUP><COL ALIGN=LEFT><COLGROUP><COL ALIGN=CENTER><COLGROUP><COL ALIGN=CENTER><COLGROUP><COL ALIGN=CENTER>
<TBODY>
<TR><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP COLSPAN=4>
<B>Table 3: Spectral Analysis</B></TD></TR>
</TBODY><TBODY>
<TR><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP COLSPAN=1></TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP COLSPAN=1>
3 & 4 Year Olds</TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP COLSPAN=1>
6 & 7 Year Olds</TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP COLSPAN=1>
11--14 Year Olds</TD></TR>
</TBODY><TBODY>
<TR><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP>% High Frequency Power (0.25--0.5 stride<IMG WIDTH=15 HEIGHT=9 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline306" SRC="img8.png">) </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 0.054 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 0.010 </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 0.064 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 0.012 </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 0.100 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 0.022 </TD></TR>
</TBODY><TBODY>
<TR><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP> Low/High Ratio </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 6.8 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 1.2 </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 4.1 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 0.5 </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 2.3 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 0.5<IMG WIDTH=14 HEIGHT=12 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline568" SRC="img21.png"> </TD></TR>
</TBODY><TBODY>
<TR><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP> Low/High Ratio after Detrending </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 0.30 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 0.02<IMG WIDTH=4 HEIGHT=6 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline468" SRC="img17.png"> </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 0.20 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 0.03 </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 0.15 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 0.03<IMG WIDTH=3 HEIGHT=12 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline490" SRC="img19.png"> </TD></TR>
</TBODY><TBODY>
<TR><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP>% High Frequency Power (0.3--0.4 stride<IMG WIDTH=15 HEIGHT=9 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline306" SRC="img8.png">) </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 0.022 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 0.005 </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 0.023 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 0.004 </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 0.038 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 0.009 </TD></TR>
</TBODY><TBODY>
<TR><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP> Low/High Ratio </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 6.8 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 1.1 </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 4.5 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 0.7 </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 2.3 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 0.3<IMG WIDTH=14 HEIGHT=12 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline568" SRC="img21.png"> </TD></TR>
</TBODY><TBODY>
<TR><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP> Low/High Ratio after Detrending </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 0.41 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 0.06 </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 0.29 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 0.04 </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> 0.18 <IMG WIDTH=12 HEIGHT=27 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline288" SRC="img6.png"> 0.02<IMG WIDTH=3 HEIGHT=12 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline490" SRC="img19.png"> </TD></TR>
</TBODY>
</TABLE>
</P></DIV>
<P>
<IMG WIDTH=4 HEIGHT=6 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline468" SRC="img17.png"> denotes p < .05
compared to the 6 and 7 year olds.
<IMG WIDTH=3 HEIGHT=12 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline490" SRC="img19.png"> denotes p < .005
comparing the oldest and youngest groups.
Kruskal-Wallis tests detected
significant differences among the three groups for all measures except high frequency power.
<P>
<P><P>
<P><P>
<P><P>
<P>
<DIV ALIGN=CENTER><P ALIGN=CENTER><TABLE COLS=4 BORDER FRAME=BOX RULES=GROUPS>
<COLGROUP><COL ALIGN=LEFT><COLGROUP><COL ALIGN=CENTER><COLGROUP><COL ALIGN=CENTER><COLGROUP><COL ALIGN=CENTER>
<TBODY>
<TR><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP COLSPAN=4>
<B>Table 4: Effects of Age on Stride Time Dynamics<IMG WIDTH=4 HEIGHT=6 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline468" SRC="img17.png"></B></TD></TR>
</TBODY><TBODY>
<TR><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP COLSPAN=1></TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP COLSPAN=1>
3 & 4 Year Olds</TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP COLSPAN=1>
6 & 7 Year Olds</TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP COLSPAN=1>
11--14 Year Olds</TD></TR>
</TBODY><TBODY>
<TR><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP>Variability </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> <IMG WIDTH=9 HEIGHT=29 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline614" SRC="img22.png"><IMG WIDTH=9 HEIGHT=29 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline614" SRC="img22.png"> </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> <IMG WIDTH=9 HEIGHT=29 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline614" SRC="img22.png"> </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> -- </TD></TR>
</TBODY><TBODY>
<TR><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP>Low/High Frequency Power </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> <IMG WIDTH=9 HEIGHT=29 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline614" SRC="img22.png"><IMG WIDTH=9 HEIGHT=29 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline614" SRC="img22.png"> </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> <IMG WIDTH=9 HEIGHT=29 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline614" SRC="img22.png"> </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> -- </TD></TR>
</TBODY><TBODY>
<TR><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP>Autocorrelation Decay Time </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> <IMG WIDTH=9 HEIGHT=29 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline626" SRC="img23.png"> </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> -- </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> -- </TD></TR>
</TBODY><TBODY>
<TR><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP>Fractal Scaling Exponent </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> <IMG WIDTH=9 HEIGHT=29 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline614" SRC="img22.png"> </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> <IMG WIDTH=9 HEIGHT=29 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline614" SRC="img22.png"> </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP> -- </TD></TR>
</TBODY>
</TABLE>
</P></DIV>
<P>
<IMG WIDTH=4 HEIGHT=6 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline468" SRC="img17.png">Compared to the oldest children in whom stride time dynamics
are the most adult-like.
Note how different aspects of
the temporal structure of the stride dynamics tend to mature at
different ages. (The low/high ratio was not statistically different in the two youngest groups,
however, this representation reflects the observed trend toward a decreased ratio
in the 6 and 7 years olds compared to the 3 and 4 year olds.)
<P>
<P><IMG WIDTH=557 HEIGHT=864 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="figure203" SRC="img24.png"><P>
<P>
<P><IMG WIDTH=548 HEIGHT=907 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="figure212" SRC="img25.png"><P>
<P>
<P><IMG WIDTH=448 HEIGHT=671 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="figure219" SRC="img26.png"><P>
<P>
<P><IMG WIDTH=554 HEIGHT=816 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="figure224" SRC="img27.png"><P>
<P>
<P><IMG WIDTH=447 HEIGHT=635 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="figure233" SRC="img28.png"><P>
<P>
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